军团病:你需要知道的

军团病:你需要知道的

There's something nefarious about Legionnaires' disease. This serious type of pneumonia is caused by bacteria that's often lurking in building water systems. Hotels, office buildings, fountains and hot tubs can be the source for this sometimes fatal infection.

军团病是很严重的病症，这种严重的肺炎是由潜伏在供水系统中的细菌引起的。酒店、办公楼、喷泉和热水浴缸可能是这种有时会致命的病毒的感染源。

The bacteria that causes Legionnaires' disease can be spread in water droplets from a fountain spray. (Photo: nasyafar/Shutterstock)

Legionnaires is caused by bacteria called Legionella, which is found naturally in freshwater environments, like lakes and streams, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Outdoors, it rarely causes infections.

军团病是由一种叫做军团菌的细菌引起的，这种细菌常见于淡水环境，如湖泊和溪流。在户外，它很少引起感染。

The disease was named after an outbreak in Philadelphia in 1976, where many people who went to an American Legion convention got sick with a lung infection.

1976年，许多参加美国退伍军人大会的人因肺部感染而患病。

Most people get infected when they inhale tiny water droplets containing Legionella bacteria. This might be from water running through a ventilation system in a building or from the spray from a shower, faucet, fountain or hot tub.

大多数人在吸入含有军团菌的微小水滴时会被感染，这可能是由于水通过建筑物的通风系统流动，或者来自淋浴器、水龙头、喷泉或热水浴缸的喷雾。

People most at risk of Legionnaires' disease are those 50 and older, current or former smokers, and people who have chronic lung disease, weakened immune systems, cancer or other underlying illnesses.

军团病的高危人群为50岁及以上、目前或曾经吸烟的人士，以及患有慢性肺病、免疫系统衰弱、癌症或其他潜在疾病的人士。

Legionnaires' disease is treated with antibiotics. The more quickly treatment begins, the more likely there won't be any complications. According to the CDC, about one in 10 people who get Legionnaires' disease will die.

军团病用抗生素治疗。治疗开始得越快，就越有可能不会出现任何并发症。根据疾病控制与预防中心的数据，退伍军人症患者的死亡率约为十分之一。