每天吃一个鸡蛋，可降低心血管患病风险

People who consume an egg a day could significantly reduce their risk of cardiovascular diseases compared with eating no eggs, suggests a study carried out in China, published in the journal Heart.

一项发表在《心脏》上的研究表明，与不吃鸡蛋的人相比，每天吃一个鸡蛋的人患心血管疾病的风险会显著降低。

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, including China, mostly due to ischaemic heart disease and stroke (including both haemorrhagic and ischaemic stroke).

从全球的疾病统计来看，心血管疾病(CVD)是导致死亡和残疾的主要原因，即使在中国也是如此。而其中，缺血性心脏病和中风(包括出血和缺血性中风)所占的比例最大。

Unlike ischaemic heart disease, which is the leading cause of premature death in most Western countries, stroke is the most responsible cause in China, followed by heart disease.

在大多数西方国家，缺铁性心脏病是导致过早死亡的原因之首，但在中国，中风却是罪魁祸首，其次才是心脏病。

Although ischaemic stroke accounted for the majority of strokes, the proportion of haemorrhagic stroke in China is still higher than that in high income countries.

此外，虽然中风中绝大数都是缺血性中风，但中国出血性中风的例子却更多。

Eggs are a prominent source of dietary cholesterol, but they also contain high-quality protein, many vitamins and bioactive components such as phospholipids and carotenoids.

鸡蛋是膳食胆固醇的主要来源，但它们也含有高质量的蛋白质、许多维生素和生物活性成分，如磷脂和类胡萝卜素。

Previous studies looking at associations between eating eggs and impact on health have been inconsistent, and most of them found insignificant associations between egg consumption and coronary heart disease or stroke.

之前有关鸡蛋与健康的研究并没有完全同步起来，并且大多数研究都没发现，吃鸡蛋的个数与冠状动脉疾病和中风之间有什么紧密联系。

Therefore, a team of researchers from China and the UK led by Professor Liming Li and Dr. Canqing Yu from the School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, set out to examine the associations between egg consumption and cardiovascular disease, ischaemic heart disease, major coronary events, haemorrhagic stroke and ischaemic stroke.

因此，公共卫生学院的李丽明教授和余康庆博士带领了一支由中英两国研究人员组成的研究小组，着手研究了吃鸡蛋与心血管疾病、缺血性心脏病、主要冠状动脉疾病、出血性中风和缺血性中风的关系。

They used data from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) study, an ongoing prospective study of around half a million (512,891) adults aged 30 to 79 from 10 different geographical areas in China.

他们利用中国香港嘉道理生物样本库(CKB)的数据，此数据库包含了来自中国10个不同地理区域、大约50万(512891)成年人的数据。

The participants were recruited between 2004-2008 and were asked about the frequency of their egg consumption. They were followed up to determine their morbidity and mortality.

研究从2004年起至2008年结束，这期间研究人员针对参与者吃鸡蛋多少的情况进行了调查，也一直跟进研究进度，调查他们的发病率和死亡率。

For the new study, the researchers focused on 416,213 participants who were free of prior cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes.

在此过程中，研究人员着力调查了416213名没有癌症、心血管疾病(CVD)和糖尿病的参与者。

From that group at a median follow-up of 8.9 years, a total of 83,977 cases of CVD and 9,985 CVD deaths were documented, as well as 5,103 major coronary events.

平均随访跨度约为8.9个年头，共记录 CVD 83977例，CVD 死亡9985例，主要冠状动脉病变5103例。

At the start of the study period, 13.1% of participants reported daily consumption (usual amount 0.76 egg/day) and 9.1% reported never or very rare consumption (usual amount 0.29 egg/day) of eggs.

在研究期初期，13.1% 的参与者报告鸡蛋消费量为每天0.76个，9.1% 的参与者表示从未或极少食用(通常是每天0.29个)。

Analysis of the results showed that compared with people not consuming eggs, daily egg consumption was associated with a lower risk of CVD overall.

分析结果显示，与不吃鸡蛋的人相比，每天都吃鸡蛋的人总体上患CVD 的风险都有所降低。

In particular, daily egg consumers (up to one egg/day) had a 26% lower risk of haemorrhagic stroke—the type of stroke with a higher prevalence rate in China than in high-income countries—a 28% lower risk of haemorrhagic stroke death and an 18% lower risk of CVD death.

特别是每天吃一个鸡蛋的人，患出血性中风的概率减少了26%，而出血性中风恰巧就是导致中国人死亡的原因之首(相比其他高收入国家而言)。高收入国家的人，出血性中风死亡的风险降低28% ，心血管疾病死亡的风险降低18% 。

In addition, there was a 12% reduction in risk of ischaemic heart disease observed for people consuming eggs daily (estimated amount 5.32 eggs/week), when compared with the 'never/rarely' consumption category (2.03 eggs/week).

此外，几乎每天一个鸡蛋的人(指的是每星期5.32个，而从不吃或很少吃的定义是每星期低于2.09个)患缺血性心脏病的风险降低了12%。

This was an observational study, so no firm conclusions can be drawn about cause and effect, but the authors said their study had a large sample size and took into account established and potential risk factors for CVD.

这是一个观察性研究，因此无法得出关于因果关系的确切结论，但是作者说他们的研究样本规模庞大，并且考虑到了 CVD 既定和潜在的风险因素。

The authors concluded: "The present study finds that there is an association between moderate level of egg consumption (up to 1 egg/day) and a lower cardiac event rate."Our findings contribute scientific evidence to the dietary guidelines with regard to egg consumption for the healthy Chinese adult."

作者总结道:"据目前的研究发现，每天最多1个鸡蛋(比较适中的鸡蛋消费水平)和患心脏病概率之间存在联系。我们的研究结果，为健康的中国成年人的饮食指南提供了科学依据。”