(18)改革开放以来,中国的迅速 发展 使世人为之惊叹。
Since the reform and opening-up to the outside world, China's rapid development has shocked the world.
(19)他三年前创办的小商店已 发展 为在全国有20家连锁店的大公司了。
The store he established three years ago has been expanded into a big firm with 20 chain stores across the country.
同义词不仅有助于篇章的衔接与语义的连贯,还能使描写生动细腻。因此,学习研究汉语和英语同词的差别对做好汉译英是十分重要的。
词语的自然搭配是篇章的衔接连贯的又一手段。主语和谓语的搭配、动词和名词的搭配、英语动词短语中的动词与介词的搭配、名词与介词的搭配等等,都是汉译英中要考虑的问题。例如:
(20)黄埔的 夕潮 不知怎的已经 涨 上了,现在沿这苏州河的两岸的 各色船只 都 浮 得高高的,舱面比码头还高了约半英尺。
The evening tide from the Whangpoo had turned imperceptibly, and now the assortment of boats along both sides of the creek were riding high, their decks some six inches above the landing-stages.
(茅盾《子夜》,许孟雄译)
“夕潮”与“涨”、“船只”与“浮”都是汉语中的自然搭配, evening tide与turn、assortment of boats与ride也是自然搭配。“不知怎的”在语义上与“夕潮涨上”有联系,强调人的感知,用imperceptibly译很贴切。