世界节假日博览 第150期:世界急救日

World First Aid Day started in the year 2000. The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) introduced it to raise global awareness of how first aid can save people's lives in everyday situations. It occurs on the second Saturday of September every year. It provides an opportunity for citizens to understand they can quickly learn skills that could save someone's life. The International Federation says World First Aid Day is to “celebrate the numbers of lives saved both by first aid volunteers and by laypersons trained in first aid.“ Many first-aiders recommend making first aid education a part of taking a driving test. Others say children should learn it in schools and it should be part of teachers' training.

世界急救日始于2000年。它是由国际红十字会和红新月会联合设立的，用来提高人们的认识——急救可以在日常生活中挽救生命。世界急救日设在每年9月的第二个星期六。这一节日使市民有机会了解到他们可以迅速学到挽救人生命的方法。国际联合会称世界急救日是为了“庆祝那些被急救志愿者和学过急救技能的一般人所挽救的生命“许多急救人员要求把急救教育加入到驾驶证考试中。有些人说学校应该教孩子们急救知识，急救知识应是教师训练的一部分。


First aid is the provision of initial care when someone is sick or injured. It is usually carried out by a normal person until medical experts or an ambulance arrives. Sometimes the first aid itself can be effective enough. Most first aid procedures are simple techniques. They require very little or no equipment but have saved millions of lives. There are key aims of first aid. The first is to preserve life. The first-aider does everything he or she can to stop someone from dying. The second aim is to prevent further harm. This could be to try and slow down bleeding or to stop a broken bone from being moved. The final aim is to promote recovery. This might include encouraging someone to breathe, or sticking a plaster on a cut.

急救是为伤员或病人提供的最初治疗。通常由正常人实施急救，直到医疗专家或救护车前来。有时可能急救本身就足够了。多数急救程序都是一些简单的技巧。急救无需或仅需很少的设备，却已挽救了数百万人的生命。急救有几个关键目标。第一是维持生命。急救者尽一切可能阻止人死亡。第二是防止进一步伤害。可能是减缓出血速度或防止移动骨折部位。最后是促进复原，包括鼓励受伤的人调整呼吸，或是在伤口上贴上胶带。