世界节假日博览 第138期:世界土著人民国际日

August the 9th is International Day of the World's Indigenous People. It is a time for the world to understand the problems of indigenous peoples around the world. The day was created by the United Nations General Assembly in 1994. It wanted to strengthen international cooperation to help indigenous people. In particular, in the areas of culture, education, health, human rights and economic development. It also wanted to ensure their survival as many indigenous cultures were in danger of dying out. Many indigenous people today are under threat from globalization. Multicultural companies in search of profits are destroying their habitats. Their culture is being weakened as they move into cities in search of work.

每年的8月9日为世界土著人民国际日。了解全球土著居民遇到的问题。该节日是在1994年联合国大会设立的。旨在加强国际合作，帮助土著居民。特别是在发展土著文化、教育、健康、人权以及经济上。许多土著文化濒临消失，该节日也要保证它们的生存环境。当今，许多土著居民因全球化而遭受威胁。跨国公司为谋求利益破坏他们的原始环境。许多土著人为寻找工作迁入大城市，土著文化遭受打击。


An indigenous people is any ethnic group who have inhabited a geographic region for hundreds or thousands of years. One expert said an indigenous people is “a politically underprivileged group, who share a similar ethnic identity that is different to the nation in power, and who have been an ethnic entity in the locality before the present ruling nation took over power“. The best-known examples of indigenous peoples are the Aborigines in Australia, the Inuit in the Arctic regions, and the Zulu in South Africa. Estimates are that there are 300 to 350 million indigenous people in the world today. This is just under six per cent of the total world population. This includes over 5,000 different people in more than 72 countries.

土著人指少数民族种群在某一地区生活数百或数千年。有专家称土著人缺少政治地位，他们的种族认同与当权者不同，而在形成统治阶层之前，他们在当地已形成了自己的种族群体。最著名的有澳大利亚土著居民、北极地区的因纽特人以及南非的祖鲁人。预计当今全球有3-3.5亿土著居民。不到世界总人口的6%。