百科知识视频之煎蛋小学堂41 人类能有超人的力量吗？

We all have a fascination with muscles and strength.whether we want to be stronger,feel better,or look like superman;and there are many proposed strategies and exercise regimens to get this done.But what if I told you that it was out of your control,and that your genetic may be entirely holding you back?

我们都会迷恋肌肉和力量 无论我们想要更强壮 感觉更好 或是看上去像超人;同时我们可以通过许多方法和锻炼方式来达到目的。但如果我告诉你 这在你的控制范围之外，你的基因可能完全在阻止你“肌肉化”呢?

Conversely,what if there was a secret out there that could lead you to super human strength?The truth is:your muscle size has a limit.Sure,it may seem obvious when you hear it,but your muscles are under the strict control of a protein called Myostatin,which determines exactly how large a muscle can become.And this limit is different for everyone depending on their myostain levels.As a muscle reaches this limit,myostatin prevents any further growth.But if the myostatin itself is limited or absent,this muscle limit suddenly goes away.

相反 如果真的有能让你拥有超人力量的秘诀呢?其实是 你的肌肉大小是有限的。的确 听上去似乎是理所当然的，但是 你的肌肉其实是受到肌生成抑制蛋白严格控制的，正是它决定着你肌肉最大的大小。这个大小限制因人而异 取决于其体内肌生成抑制蛋白的水平。当肌肉达到极限后 肌生成抑制蛋白组织肌肉继续生长。但是如果肌生成抑制蛋白分泌受限或者不分泌，肌肉大小限制就会突然间消失。

This phenomenon was first noticed in Belgian Blue Cattle.These cows developed 2-3 times more muscle mass than a normal cow,and it was later discovered that they had a deletion of the gene GDF-8,which just so happens to create myostatin.As a result,without any exercise or special diet,these cows have incredible muscle mass.Similar cases have been documented in dogs,mice,and even a few cases of human babies lacking the GDF-8 gene.These findings have helped scientists understand why some people bulk up easily,while others struggle to.Lower levels of myostatin=more muscle mass.

这个现象首先是。在比利时蓝牛中发现的。这种奶牛的肌肉质量比普通奶牛多2-3倍，之后人们发现 他们体内缺失一种叫GDF-8的基因，这种基因恰巧是生产肌生成抑制蛋白的。正因如此 若无锻炼和特殊食谱控制 这些奶牛的肌肉会特别大。类似的情况已在狗类 鼠类中有所记载，甚至还有少数人类婴儿缺少GDF-8基因的案例。这些发现也已帮助科学家理解为何一部分人肌肉容易发达，而其他人却难以达到。低肌生成抑制蛋白水平=大块肌肉。

In fact,some studies have even shown that many champion body builders have naturally lower levels,or even entire deletions of the myostatin gene.If you look at somebody like Arnold Schwarzenegger,as a teen,he just looks naturally muscular.As such,perhaps many champion bodybuilders owe their success more to genetics than their training or drug use.

实际上 一些研究显示 许多健美冠军身体中 肌生成抑制蛋白水平较低 或者干脆没有这种基因。如果你看到位像施瓦辛格一样的人 从青少年角度看，他看上去只是肌肉自然发达而已。同样 也许很多健美冠军都将他们的成功 归结于基因 而不是锻炼或药物。

Eventually,it may be possible to develop drugs which deplete or block myostatin.Of course,it's a double edged sword;

有朝一日 我们也许能生产完全阻断肌生成抑制蛋白的药物。当然 这又是把双刃剑;

On the one hand,patients with muscular dystrophy,or muscle loss from aging could regrow and restore muscle.

一方面说 肌肉萎缩症患者或是，因衰老损失肌肉的人可以此使肌肉重生 恢复。

On the other hand,the potential for abuse as performance enhancers seems...inevitable.But,the prospect of seeing a real-life human Hulk...,seems kind of cool.

另一方面 为提升健身效果而滥用药物似乎也在所难免。不过 若是能见到一个真人浩克。。。看上去也挺酷的。

Besides,should those who already have low levels of myostatin be considered to have an unfair advantage?It's hard to say.Regardless,be weary of anybody selling or promoting this unproven and unregulated treatment.At the end of the day,whether you have naturally low or high myostatin levels,remember this is the level that is optimal for your mechanical and metabolic efficiency.

那么 是否该认为那些体内肌生成抑制蛋白含量较低的人 具有不公平的优势呢?很难说。无论如何 别轻信那些兜售或推行这种未证实 无监管疗法的人。最后 无论你体内本身含有的蛋白水平是高是低 请记住 这只是你身体机能及代谢效率的最佳水准。

With proper exercise and general health,you'll reach your own unique physiological peak,And while you may not be destined to pack a punch like Superman,you can push your own limits through training and hard work.But what if you could punch as hard as Superman?

通过适当的锻炼与健康的生活方式，你会达到自己独一无二的生理极限。同时 尽管你不太可能打出超人般的一击，你仍可以通过努力锻炼提升自己的极限。但是 如果你能打出超人的一击呢?

Our friend Jake over at Vsauce3 has the answer to this smashing superhero question which you definitely need to check out.And if you want to know how much myostatin you have...there's only one real way to find out,Get working.

Vsauce3的Jack对这个碉堡问题给出了碉堡的答案 你一定得去看看。另外如果你想知道你体内肌生成抑制蛋白含量的话。。。只有一种方式能知道答案 去锻炼吧。