国际关系英语词汇大全Unit 74

　　Genghis Khan (1162 – 18 August 1227), born Temüjin, was the founder and Great Khan (emperor) of the Mongol Empire, which became the largest contiguous empire in history after his demise.

　　1.成吉思汗

　　成吉思汗(1162年-1227年8月25日)即元太祖，又称成吉思皇帝，成吉思可汗，蒙古人，大蒙古国(蒙古帝国)奠基者、政治家、军事统帅，大蒙古国皇帝(蒙古帝国大汗)。名铁木真，孛儿只斤氏，蒙古乞颜(起延)部人。1206年春天—1227年8月25日在位。1206年他登基时，诸王和群臣为他上蒙语尊号成吉思汗。1999年12月的美国时代周刊评选出世界千年伟大人物，成吉思汗被列为千年人物中亚洲人的次位(即第22位，第十七位为甘地)。

　　2.Muhammad

　　Muhammad (c.570 – 8 June 632),from Mecca, unified Arabia into a single religious polity under Islam. Believed by Muslims and Bahá'ís to be a messenger and prophet of God, Muhammad is almost universally considered by Muslims as the last prophet sent by God to mankind. While non-Muslims generally regard Muhammad as the founder of Islam, Muslims consider him to have restored the unaltered original monotheistic faith of Adam, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and other prophets in Islam. Muslims discuss Muhammad and other prophets of God with reverence, adding the phrase "peace be upon them" whenever their names are mentioned.

　　2.穆罕默德

　　穆罕默德(约570年-632年6月8日)，是伊斯兰教的创始人，同时也是一位政治家、军事家和社会改革者。他成功地使阿拉伯半岛的各部落在伊斯兰一神教下统一。除了阿赫迈底亚的穆斯林以外，穆斯林[来源请求]和巴哈伊信仰者认为他是“真主”派遣到人类的最后使者、先知和天启宗教复兴者。中国的穆斯林普遍尊称之为穆圣。

　　3.Peter the Great

　　Peter the Great, Peter I (9 June [O.S. 30 May] 1672 – 8 February [O.S. 28 January] 1725) ruled the Tsardom of Russia and later the Russian Empire from 7 May [O.S. 27 April] 1682 until his death, jointly ruling before 1696 with his half-brother. Through a number of successful wars he expanded the Tsardom into a much larger empire that became a major European power. He led a cultural revolution that replaced some of the traditionalist and medieval social and political systems with ones that were modern, scientific, westernized, and based on The Enlightenment. Peter's reforms made a lasting impact on Russia and many institutions of Russian government traced their origins to his reign.

　　3.彼得大帝

　　彼得一世·阿列克谢耶维奇·罗曼诺夫(1672年5月30日-1725年2月8日)为俄罗斯帝国罗曼诺夫王朝的沙皇(1682年—1725年)，及俄国皇帝(1721年—1725年)。在位期间力行改革，使俄罗斯现代化，定都圣彼得堡，人称彼得大帝。