BBC News:发展中国家禁烟成大难题

Today, around 5.5 trillion cigarettes are produced every year in spite of the fact that tobacco use kills about 5 and a half million people every year, an average of one person every 6 seconds. The BBC's Peter Tailor has been taking a new look at the global tobacco market.

现在，每年约有550万亿人死于抽烟，相当于每六秒一人的死亡概率。然而，香烟的年产量仍维持在5.5万支亿。本台记者彼得·泰勒从全新视角解读了全球烟草市场。

Much of the industry's position has not changed on advertising. For example, it still maintains that advertising is not designed to get people to smoke; it's about getting smokers to switch brands. But you know, one has to give them credit for developing electronic cigarettes which are undoubtedly much safer than conventional cigarettes. So yes there is a change on that front. I mean, they will say that that is the future and they are investing a lot of money in it and investing millions in developing e-cigarettes. It has huge potential as a market but it still has to be seen in a, you know, in a context of where the vast majority of their profits will come from over the next, you know, many decades.

这 个行业对广告的定位基本没有改变。广告不是为了让不吸烟的人吸烟，而是为了引导烟民购买自己品牌的香烟。但我们还是要赞同他们开发电子烟。因为它确实比传 统香烟安全得多。所以，在这方面烟草行业确实有所改变。他们会说电子烟是未来的趋势，他们为此投资巨大。作为一个市场，电子烟有很大的潜力。但是还要看接 下来几十年的主要利润点在哪里。

So Peter, if we look at that bigger global picture, well how much are you seeing the sense of pushing the smoking of combustible cigarettes at children?

彼得，从全球范围看，你认为吸烟被推向儿童群体的程度会怎样?

Advertising is everywhere, the Phillip Morris, iconic Marlboro cowboy still riding the range. Everywhere you go, there are cigarettes on sale which of course are attractive to young children. There is effective no government legislation on it. I spoke to the Prime Minister who is the former guerrilla leader, who you know, fought for independence. And he is a chain smoker. He said, “I know, but I'm addicted. I find it very difficult to stop.” I asked him about banning advertising. Banning advertising you know, doesn't achieve anything. The way to go forward is education. There is no education. So it's really interesting microcosm of the way that the problem is evident in a developing country, pretty typical of many developing countries. That's where the next generation of smokers are. Peter Tailor.

广告无处不在。菲利普·莫里斯、烟盒上画着牛仔的万宝路，都是市面畅销品。到 处都有香烟出售，这对青少年是不小的吸引力。然而，政府没有出台有效的政策禁止青少年吸烟。我采访了该国总理，他曾任独立战争游击战领袖。烟抽得很厉害。 他说：“我知道，但是我就是上瘾了，很难戒掉。”我问他对于严禁烟草广告有何看法。他说，严禁烟草广告毫无成效，正确的举措应该是教育。该国在禁烟方面没 有相关教育措施。所以，这是许多发展中国家存在的典型问题的缩影。下一代烟民因此而诞生。彼得·泰勒报道。

John Browne used to be chief executive of the giant oil company BP, formerly British Petroleum. That was until he was forced to admit his homosexuality after his former lover sold his kiss-and-tell story to a newspaper. Lord Browne admitted he'd lied while trying to repress the story, claiming he'd met Jeff Chevalier while out jogging. He resigned from BP. Now he's written a book called the The Glass Closet calling on companies and corporations to do more to promote equality for gay workers.

约翰·布朗 曾担任前英国石油公司BP的首席执行官，后因前男友将其私生活故事卖给一家报纸，最终被迫承认性取向，随后辞职。布朗勋爵承认自己因急于把事情压下去而谎 称他和杰夫·希瓦利埃是在慢跑时相识。他从BP辞职，现在写了一本名为《玻璃柜》的书，呼吁公司和企业更加注重维护同性恋员工的平等权。