名人轶事23 Dian Fossey

By George Grow

November 7, 2004

(THEME)

VOICE ONE:

I'm Steve Ember.

VOICE TWO:

And I'm Faith Lapidus with People in America in VOA Special English. Today we

tell about Dian Fossey. She studied the wild mountain gorillas of central

Africa. Her work resulted in efforts to save these rare and endangered

animals.

(THEME)

VOICE ONE:

Dian Fossey was born in nineteen thirty-two in San Francisco, California. Her

parents ended their marriage when she was young. She stayed with her mother,

who married another man a short time later. Dian said she had a difficult

relationship with both her mother and stepfather.

Dian was interested in animals all her life. She started making plans to be a

veterinarian, a doctor who treats animals. After high school, she attended

San Jose State College in California. There, she was successful in some

subjects, but not others.

She changed her program of study to occupational therapy. Occupational

therapists help injured and sick people learn to do their day-to-day

activities independently. She completed her studies at San Jose State in

nineteen fifty-four.

VOICE TWO:

Dian Fossey left California and moved to the state of Kentucky. She accepted

a position at the Kosair Crippled Children's Hospital in the city of

Louisville. People there said she had a special gift of communicating with

children with special needs. Yet she also had a desire to see more of the

world.

Through friends, she became interested in Africa. She read a book about the

wild mountain gorillas of central Africa written by American zoologist George

Schaller. The mountain gorilla is the largest of the world's apes.

VOICE ONE:

Fossey borrowed money and made a six-week trip to Africa in nineteen sixty-

three. She visited a camp operated by the famous research scientists Louis

and Mary Leakey. The Leakeys were best known for their studies of the

development of human ancestors.

Fossey met with Louis Leakey and discussed the importance of scientific

research on the great apes. She decided to study mountain gorillas, which

were in danger of disappearing. Later on her trip, she traveled to the

mountains of Rwanda. This is where she first saw mountain gorillas.

VOICE TWO:

Fossey returned to the United States with a desire to work in Africa. She met

with Professor Leakey a second time when he visited the United States to give

a series of talks. This time, he asked her to begin a long-term study of the

gorillas. He said information she collected might help to show how human

ancestors developed.

A group called the Wilkie Foundation agreed to support her research. The

Wilkie Foundation already supported another researcher, Jane Goodall, in her

study of wild chimpanzees. Fossey also received help from a major scientific

and educational organization -- the National Geographic Society.

VOICE ONE:

Fossey returned to central Africa in nineteen sixty-six. She spent a short

time observing Jane Goodall. Then she began setting up her own research camp

in what was then the country of Zaire. Fossey sought help from the local

native people who knew how to follow mountain gorillas in the wild.

A short time later, political unrest forced her to move to nearby Rwanda. She

settled in a protected area between two mountains, Karisimbi and Visoke.

There, she established the Karisoke Research Center. This would be her home

for most of the next eighteen years. Much of that time, she worked alone.

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VOICE TWO:

DianFossey spent thousands of hours observing mountain gorillas. She worked

hard to gain acceptance among the animals. To do this, she copied their

actions and sounds. She studied the gorillas daily and developed an

understanding of each individual.

Many people had believed that mountain gorillas are fierce. Fossey found just

the opposite. She learned that gorillas are both gentle and intelligent. They

use their strength mainly when defending other members of their family or

group.