VOA慢速英语：川普宣布对中国新征收数十亿美元进口税

US Announces Billions of Dollars in new Import Taxes on China

川普宣布对中国新征收数十亿美元进口税

United States President Donald Trump has signed an order calling for up to $60 billion in new tariffs on Chinese imports.

美国总统川普已经签署了一项命令，要求对中国进口产品新征高达600亿美元的关税。

The order seeks to punish China for, in his words, the theft of American "intellectual property," including inventions and research. The action also calls for restrictions on the transfer of technology to China.

用川普的话来说，该命令旨在惩罚中国盗窃美国包括发明和研究在内的“知识产权”。该举措还要求限制向中国转让技术。

Robert Lighthizer is the U.S. Trade Representative. He said that intellectual property is an important part of the trade problem with China.

罗伯特·莱特希泽(Robert Lighthizer)是美国贸易代表。他说，知识产权是同中国贸易问题的重要组成部分。

"Our view is that we have a very serious problem of losing our intellectual property which is really the biggest single advantage of the American economy, in my opinion, is our intellectual property and our ability to generate new intellectual property."

他说：“我们认为，美国知识产权方面的损失非常严重，知识产权是美国经济最大的单一优势。我认为这是指我们的知识产权和创造新知识产权的能力。”

Trump blamed the trade imbalance between the two countries for the loss of American jobs. He said, "It is the largest deficit of any country in the history of our world."

川普指责中美两国之间的贸易不平衡导致美国失去就业岗位。他说，“这是全球历史上任何国家面临的最大逆差。”

China's trade surplus with the U.S. last year was about $375 billion. Trump said that with the increased tariffs he hopes to cut the trade deficit with China by $100 billion.

中国去年同美国的贸易顺差为3750亿美元。川普表示，通过提高关税，他希望将美国同中国的贸易逆差减少1000亿美元。

The administration said the president will direct the U.S. trade office to publish a list of proposed tariffs for public comment within 15 days. The Treasury Department will also come up with a list of restrictions on Chinese investment.

美国政府表示，川普总统将会指示美国贸易办公室在15天内公布拟征关税名单向公众征询意见。美国财政部还将制定一份中国投资限制清单。

Ahead of Trump's announcement, China warned that it will take "all necessary measures" to defend itself. The actions raised the possibility of a trade war between the two biggest economies and sent global stock markets lower.

在川普政府宣布之前，中国警告称，将会采取“一切必要措施”来保护自己。这一举动增加了中美这两个最大经济体之间贸易战的可能性，并导致全球股市下跌。

China reacts

中国回应

Chinese officials say the U.S. trade deficit with China is the result of U.S. trade policy. Chinese officials note that the U.S. bars the export of many high-technology products.

中国官员表示，美国对华贸易逆差是美国贸易政策的结果。中国官员指出，美国禁止对华出口很多高科技产品。

Chinese Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Hua Chunying said the products traded have unequal values.

中国外交部发言人华春莹表示，中美两国交易的产品价值不平等。

She said, "How many soybeans should China buy that are equal to one Boeing aircraft? Or, if China buys a certain number of Boeing aircraft should the U.S. buy an equal number of C919s (Chinese aircraft)?"

她说：“中国购买多少大豆相当于一架波音飞机?或者说，如果中国购买一定数量的波音飞机，美国是否应该购买相同数量的中国C919飞机?”

U.S. agriculture exports to China are almost $20 billion. Most of that number is shipments of soybean. If China were to target soybeans, it would hurt farm states like Iowa, the home state of U.S. Ambassador to China, Terry Branstad.

美国对华农业出口接近200亿美元，其中大部分是大豆出货量。如果中国要针对大豆，将会伤害到爱荷华州这样的农业州。爱荷华州是美国驻中国大使特里·布兰斯塔德(Terry Branstad)的故乡。

Boeing has said it expects China to buy aircraft worth $1.1 trillion by 2036. But China is also developing its own C919 passenger plane.

波音公司曾表示，该公司希望中国在2036年前购买价值1.1万亿美元的飞机。但是中国也正在开发自己的C919客机。

The Chinese foreign ministry added that it hopes to hold useful talks with the U.S. Hua said the goal is to reach what she called "a win-win solution" to settle trade issues.

中国外交部补充说，中国希望同美国进行有益的交流。华女士表示，目标是实现所谓的“双赢”以解决贸易问题。

Concerns over a trade war increase

对贸易战的担忧增加

Mary Lovely is an expert at the Peterson Institute for International Economics. She told the AP the possible tariffs are "a very big deal." She said, "The Chinese see them as a major threat and do not want a costly trade war."

玛丽·拉夫利(Mary Lovely)是彼得森国际经济研究所的专家。她对美联社表示，可能征收的关税“非常重要。”她说，“中国视其为一项重大威胁，不希望进行代价昂贵的贸易战。”

American businesses, including Walmart, Apple and other technology companies, also oppose a trade war. Forty-five American trade associations warned that tariffs will raise the price of goods for Americans, hurt jobs and financial markets.

包括沃尔玛、苹果等科技公司在内的美国企业也反对贸易战。45家美国贸易协会警告说，关税将会提高美国人购买商品的价格，损害就业和金融市场。

Scott Kennedy is with the Centers for Strategic and International Studies in Washington. He told VOA, over the short-term, that is true. But, if such a policy could get China to reduce its barriers to trade, American buyers and businesses would gain while increased trade would also be good for China.

斯科特·肯尼迪(Scott Kennedy)就职于华盛顿战略与国际研究中心。他对美国之音表示，在短期内这是事实。但是如果这类政策可以让中国减少贸易壁垒，那么美国消费者和企业就会获益，而增加贸易也会对中国有利。

Trump said Thursday's action would be "one of many." The U.S. recently placed tariffs of 25 percent on steel and 10 percent on aluminum imports. Some countries, including Canada and Mexico, are not subject to the new taxes.

川普表示，周四的举措只是众多举措之一。美国最近对钢材征收25%的关税，对铝征收10%的关税。包括加拿大和墨西哥在内的一些国家不在这种新税种的征收范围之内。

I'm Mario Ritter.

马里奥·里特报道。