口语进阶-叙事口语材料：中国万里长城的历史02

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口语进阶一般为更资深的英语学习者准备，包括对词汇的了解，对语态的理解等。下面请结合mp3以及下方的原文和翻译，开始今天的口语进阶练习吧！

原文及翻译

Eventually, the Chinese rebelled and overthrew their Mongol rulers. Nonetheless, the Mongols remained a threat. In 1449, they destroyed a Chinese army and captured the emperor. A new Great Wall was begun to keep the Mongols out. This is the wall which tourists visit today and which is pictured on Chinese stamps. 

最终，中国人起义推翻了蒙古统治者。尽管如此，蒙古人仍然是一个威胁。1449 年，他们摧毁了一支中国军队并俘虏了皇帝。为了阻止蒙古人入侵，人们开始修建新的长城。这就是今天游客参观的长城，也是中国邮票上的照片。

Construction continued for 200 years. While some parts were built of packed earth, much of the wall was built of stone, brick, and rubble. This is why it took so long; stones had to be quarried, and bricks baked and carried to the site. Laborers, peasants, soldiers, and criminals were forced to work on the wall. Large and small forts and watchtowers carefully guarded the wall. 

修建持续了 200 年。虽然有些部分是用夯土建造的，但大部分长城是用石头、砖块和瓦砾建造的。这就是为什么修建过程如此漫长的原因；必须开采石头，烧制砖块并运送到现场。劳工、农民、士兵和罪犯被迫修建长城。大大小小的堡垒和瞭望塔小心翼翼地守卫着长城。

Nearly a million soldiers were stationed along it. The Chinese defenders lit fires when the enemy was sighted; plumes of smoke and cannon shots told that the enemy was advancing and how many there were. By 1644, the new wall was almost completed. That same year, however, an internal uprising overthrew the emperor. This revolt was partly caused by the high taxes demanded to pay for the wall. The emperor's men invited the nomadic Manchu tribe to come through the gates of the wall to help put down the revolt. 

沿长城驻扎了近一百万士兵。中国守军发现敌人时会点火；浓烟和炮声表明敌人正在推进，人数众多。到 1644 年，新长城几乎完工。然而，就在同一年，一场内部起义推翻了皇帝。这场起义的部分原因是修建长城所征收的高额税收。皇帝的部下邀请游牧的满族部落穿过长城大门，帮助镇压起义。

The Manchus came, but they stayed and ruled China for several hundred years. Since the Manchus ruled both north and south of the wall, they did not care about maintaining it. Many parts fell into disrepair, and some completely disappeared. Today, the parts that remain are a major tourist attraction. The Great Wall of China is one of the wonders of the world, even if it really didn't succeed in its purpose of keeping the northern nomads out of China.

满族人来了，但他们留下来统治了中国几百年。由于满族统治着长城的南北两面，他们并不关心长城的维护。许多部分年久失修，有些甚至完全消失了。今天，剩下的部分是一个主要的旅游景点。中国的长城是世界奇迹之一，即使它并没有真正实现将北方游牧民族挡在中国之外的目的。

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