口语进阶-叙事口语材料：中国万里长城

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口语进阶一般为更资深的英语学习者准备，包括对词汇的了解，对语态的理解等。下面请结合mp3以及下方的原文和翻译，开始今天的口语进阶练习吧！

原文及翻译

The Great Wall of China is famous in North America, and many tourists would like to travel there. However, most North Americans don't know very much about Chinese history. That is changing now, as China is becoming an important subject for study in the west. The settled communities of China were targets for nomadic raids since earliest times. 

中国的长城在北美很有名，很多游客都想去那里旅游。然而，大多数北美人对中国历史知之甚少。现在这种情况正在改变，因为中国正成为西方研究的重要课题。自古以来，中国的定居社区就是游牧民族袭击的目标。

For much of its early history, China was not fully unified. However, Shi Huangdi, who died in 210 BC, united the whole country. Then he said about defending China from the northern nomads. It seems likely there have been defensive walls in the north before him. However, Shi Huangdi had a wall constructed across the entire north of China. This defensive wall extended for almost 2,000 miles and had 25 thousand towers. 

在早期历史的大部分时间里，中国并没有完全统一。然而，公元前 210 年去世的秦始皇统一了整个国家。然后他说要保卫中国免受北方游牧民族的侵扰。在他之前，北方似乎也有防御墙。然而，秦始皇修建了一堵横跨中国整个北方的城墙。这堵防御墙绵延近 2,000 英里，有 25,000 座塔楼。

Such walls were very expensive to build; they also required huge numbers of men to construct them and later to defend them. Even so, the Great Wall did not stop nomadic invasions altogether. Not long after Shi Huangdi's death, a tribe called the Huns crossed the wall. The Emperor Qin Shi Huang, who expanded Chinese power beyond the wall, defeated them. 

建造这样的城墙非常昂贵；它们还需要大量的人力来建造它们，后来还要保卫它们。即便如此，长城并没有完全阻止游牧民族的入侵。秦始皇死后不久，一个叫匈奴的部落越过了长城。秦始皇将中国势力扩展到长城之外，打败了他们。

Centuries later, the Mongols to the north of China were united under Genghis Khan. The Mongols attacked China, and Kublai Khan, grandson of Genghis, became the first non-Chinese emperor of China in 1279.

几个世纪后，中国北方的蒙古人在成吉思汗的领导下统一起来。蒙古人进攻中国，成吉思汗的孙子忽必烈于 1279 年成为中国第一位非中国皇帝。

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