听力每日练习 listen 2134 Applying procedures

1-- I'm going to apply for a patent but I'm not sure how to prepare the application. Would you please help me?
 
2-- Sure, glad to help. First you need submit a request, a description and a claim. The description is particularly important. If necessary, it should be supported by drawings.
 
1-- How long shall I have to wait for the approval?
 
2-- Well, examination takes time. The Patent Office will announce the result and notify the application within 18 months. Even then you still don't get the patent certificate.
 
1-- Why?
 
2-- The Patent Office needs 90 days to wait for any possible opposition. Only when everything is OK will the patent be registered.
 
1-- I see. But I have another question. I don't know the reason why the duration of protection is only 15 years?
 
2-- This is only for one of the patent rights. For invention the duration of protection is even shorter, only for 5 years protection.
 
1-- Does every country specify the same duration of protection?
 
2-- No, 15-year protection is the minimum protection any country will grant its patentees. In some countries, the patent right duration for invention is 20 years.
 
1-- What are the criteria for granting patent rights?
 
2-- They are similar to those in other countries: novelty, inventiveness and praticability.
 
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注解：
 
1.description说明  
2.announce公布  
3.opposition反对
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译文：
 
1-- 我想申请专利，但不知道如何准备，你能帮我吗？
2-- 当然，很高兴能帮忙。首先，你需要提交一份申请书，一份说明书和一份要求书。说明书尤其重要，必要的话，说明书应配有插图。
1-- 获得专利我要等多长时间？
2-- 哦，专利审查需要时间。专利局会在18个月内公布结果，公告专利。即使到那时，您也拿不到专利证书。
1-- 为什么？
2-- 专利局还需要90天时间看看是否有异议。只有一切都没有问题时，专利方可注册。
1-- 我明白了，我还有一个问题。我不知道专利的保护期为什么只有15年？
2-- 只有一种专利权保护期限是15年，发明专利保护期限是15年。至于实用新型和外观设计专利，保护期更短，只有5年。
1-- 每个国家规定的保护期限时候都一致？
2-- 不是，各国都对专利人给予了最低15年的专利保护。在一些国家，发明专利的保护期是20年。
1-- 授予专利的标准是什么？
2-- 标准和别国相似，都要求具备新颖性，创造性和实用性。