每日一词|土壤沙化、土壤耗竭、土壤侵蚀

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土壤是人类生存和社会发展的重要基础，土壤的质量关系着农产品的生长和安全，果子的品质以及果园的产量全都依靠着土壤的质量，更关系着人民的身体健康。我们来学习土壤相关的译词。

土壤沙化

desertification

A top U.N. advisor said on Friday that every minute, 23 hectares of land are degraded by drought and desertification.一名联合国高级顾问本周五说，因为干旱和土壤沙化，现在的每一分钟，都有23公顷的土地退化。"Now, globally speaking, we're losing 12 million hectares of productive land. We're losing them every single year due to drought and desertification. 12 million hectares, it is even more than the size of my country, Benin," he said."现在，在全球范围内，我们每年要失去1200万公顷的可耕作土地。就是因为干旱和土壤沙化。1200万公顷，这甚至比我的祖国贝宁的国土还要多。"他诉说道。

土壤耗竭

soil depletion

In agriculture, soil depletion can be due to excessively intense cultivation and inadequate soil management.在农业生产中，超负荷耕种和不良的土壤管理可导致土壤耗竭。Modern farming methods have caused massive soil depletion. All of this has happened in less than one hundred years, but with the exception of some smaller farmers and home gardeners that practice sustainable farming, involving crop rotation and composting.现代化农业造成了大范围的土地耗竭，而这一切都发生在过去的不到一百年间。不过，也有一些例外存在：一些小农户和自家小菜园采用了可持续的科学耕种方式，比如轮作和堆肥。

土壤侵蚀

soil erosion

Soil erosion reduces cropland productivity and contributes to the pollution of adjacent watercourses, wetlands and lakes.土壤侵蚀会使农田生产能力下降，还是引发周边河道，湿地和湖泊的污染的原因之一。Low organic matter, loss of soil structure, poor internal drainage, salinisation and soil acidity problems are other serious soil degradation conditions that can accelerate the soil erosion process.还有其它一些严重的土壤退化状况可使土壤侵蚀的速度加快，如有机质含量匮乏，土壤团粒结构破坏，通气透水性能低下，盐渍化和土壤酸度失衡。# 更多译词招聘

（来源同文世纪翻译）

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