VOA慢速英语:菊花是可以修剪的（双语）

菊花是可以修剪的(菊花种植)

This is the VOA Special English Agriculture Report.

这里是美国之音慢速英语农业报道。

People have been growing chrysanthemums for more than two thousand years. Mums make bright and colorful gardens. People in China and other Asian cultures make tea with the flowers. Giacomo Puccini, the great Italian composer, even named one of his works after chrysanthemums, "Crisantemi."

人们种植菊花的历史已有2000多年，菊花让花园变得绚丽多彩。中国和亚洲其他国家的人用菊花泡茶。。伟大的意大利作曲家乔柯摩·普契尼还将他的一部作品命名为《菊花》 。

(MUSIC: Manhattan String Quartet)

One basic kind of mum is the hardy or garden mum. The other basic kind is the florist mum. The garden mum is better able to handle different growing conditions.

菊花的一种基本品种是耐寒的园艺菊，另一种基本品种是切花菊。相比来说，园艺菊更能适应不同的生长环境。

There are many varieties of mums. The decorative mum is often seen in gardens. Another popular type, the quill mum, has long, straight petals like a tube or needle.

菊花的种类有很多，花园中我们经常见到的是观赏菊。另一种流行类型是翎毛菊，它的花瓣呈针或管状。

Chrysanthemum blooms can be white, yellow, gold, red or other colors. The plants often grow one meter high.

菊花可以开出白色、黄色、金色、红色或其它颜色的花朵，它们通常能长到一米高。

The soil for chrysanthemums should be kept moist but well drained so it does not get too wet.

种植菊花的土壤应保持湿润，但还应保持排水良好以免过于潮湿。

Newly planted mums should be watered two or three times a week, depending on conditions. Plants established in the ground may do well just with normal rainfall.

新种下的菊花根据其自身实际情况，应该每周浇水2至3次。菊花在正常降雨条件下就能生长得很好。

Mums grow best in full sunshine. They produce colorful blooms when days get shorter and nights get longer. The life cycle of the plant depends on the amount of daylight. This is why experts advise against placing mums near nightlights or streetlights. The light may interfere with their normal growth cycle. The plants may develop buds too soon.

菊花在日照充足时生长的最好，当白天变短，黑夜变长时，它们就会开出五颜六色的花朵。菊花的生长周期取决于日照时间的长短。因此，专家建议最好不要将菊花放置在夜灯或路灯附近，灯光可能会干扰其正常的生长周期，使得其花蕾提前开放。

In climates where temperatures fall below freezing, plant mums at least six weeks before the first frost is expected. That way, the plants will be well established for cold weather.

当处于零度以下的气候条件下时，应该在霜降前6周种植菊花，这样，菊花才能更好的适应寒冷天气。

Placing mulch around the plants can protect them from the cold. Consider using straw or shredded leaves for the mulch. The material will also add nutrients to the soil.

在菊花周围铺盖覆盖物可以保护菊花免受寒冷。可以考虑用稻草或碎叶来覆盖，这些还能增加土壤的养分。

Some gardeners say the most beautiful presentation comes from planting mums close together. But be sure to leave enough space to let air flow between the plants. If not, there may be a greater chance of disease.

一些园丁表示，密集的菊花最美丽，但还是要在株间留出足够空间，以使空气流通。否则菊花患病的几率可能就会增加。

To get more blooms, gardeners pinch back the branches when new growth has reached fifteen centimeters. Squeeze about five to seven centimeters off each branch. Pinch it again when a branch grows another twelve to fifteen centimeters. Stop the pinching about one hundred days before you want the plants to bloom.

为了可以获得更多的花朵，当新枝长到15厘米长的时候，园丁就会进行剪枝，每枝要减去5到7厘米长。当这些花枝再长长12到15厘米时，需要再剪一次。在开花前100天停止剪枝。

And that's the VOA Special English Agriculture Report. I'm Jim Tedder.

这就是本期的美国之音慢速英语农业报道，我是吉姆·特德。