英语专八历年真题大全 翻译类

2005年英译中：

It is simple enough to say that since books have classes——fiction， biography， poetry—we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred(模糊的，不明确的)and divided minds(分心)， asking of fiction that it shall be true， of poetry that it shall be false， of biography that it shall be flattering， of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish(消除) all such preconceptions(偏见、成见) when we read， that would be an admirable(绝妙的、极好的) beginning. Do not dictate(口述、发号施令)to your author; try to become him. Be his fellow worker and accomplice(同谋、合作者)。 If you hang back(迟疑、犹豫不决)， and reserve(保留、储备)and criticize at first， you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible， then signs and hints of almost imperceptible(觉察不到的)fineness(优良、出色)， from the twist and turn of the first sentences(换行的句子)， will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep(沉浸、潜心、专心)yourself in this， acquaint(使熟知)yourself with this， and soon you will find that your author is giving you， or attempting to give you， something far more definite.

参考译文：然而很少有人愿意接受书上的告诉我们的东西。我们通常是带着一种不明确的不专一的目的去读书，我们要求小说是真实的，诗歌应该是虚构的，传记应该是奉承人的，历史则应该是能加深我们自己的偏见的。如果我们读书的时候能够屏弃这些成见，那将会是一个绝妙的开端。不要试图对作者发号施令，而是要设身处地把作者的思路，把自己当作作者的合作伙伴。假如你开始就犹豫不决，不愿接受作者观点，甚至对作者观点评头论足，你就是给自己设置障碍，使自己不可能最大限度地利用书本。然而，如果你尽量敞开心扉，那么文章开头就能给你一些暗示，由此一个与众不同的人物形象将跃然呈现于你面前。

2005中译英：

一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗?提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难;但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待工作、生活的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。

古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽量多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白浪费掉。我国历代的劳动人民以及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。

参考译文：

What is the significance of life? Is there any criterion for its measurement? Difficult as it is to advance an absolute one， it will not be so to judge the very meaning of one‘s existence generally from whether he is serious about life and what his attitudes are towards work and life. Throughout the ages， all people of accomplishment take their lives seriously. As long as they are alive， they would rather devote themselves to more work and study than let a single minute slip by in vain. And the same is true of the common labourers as well as the great statesmen and thinkers in our country.

2004年英译汉：

For me the most interesting thing about a solitary life， and mine has been that for the last twenty years， is that it becomes increasingly rewarding. When I can wake up and watch the sun rise over the ocean， as I do most days， and know that I have an entire day ahead， uninterrupted， in which to write a few pages， take a walk with my dog， read and listen to music， I am flooded with happiness. I‘m lonely only when I am overtired， when I have worked too long without a break， when from the time being I feel empty and need filling up. And I am lonely sometimes when I come back home after a lecture trip， when I have seen a lot of people and talked a lot， and am full to the brim(边缘) with experience that needs to be sorted out(挑选、选择)。

Then for a little while the house feels huge and empty， and I wonder where my self(本性、本我)is hiding. It has to be recaptured slowly by watering the plants and perhaps， by looking again at each one(指代 plant植物)as though it were a person.It takes a while， as I watch the surf(水浪)blowing up in fountains(喷泉)， but the moment( 指the lonely moment) comes when the worlds falls away， and the self emerges again from the deep unconscious(潜意识)， bringing back all I have recently experienced to be explored and slowly understood.

参考答案：

只有我在非常疲劳的时候，在我不断工作了很长时间以后，在我倍感空虚，需要充实时候，我才会感到寂寞。而有时候在我结束巡回演讲回家的时候，在讲了很多话后，而且有太多经历需要整理时，我也会感到寂寞。于是，有那么一会儿，我感到房子又大又空，我都不知道我的自我又到哪里去了。这时，我必须给植物浇水，并挨个瞅瞅，仿佛他们是有生命的精灵一般，这样我才能慢慢找到我的那个自我。很长一段时间，我看着水浪从喷泉中喷涌而出。但只有当世界在我身边逐渐消失，当我再次从我内心深处的无意识中冒出来时，带给我最近的种种经历，让我探究，让我慢慢领会时，我才会感到寂寞。当我因为持续工作太久而感觉疲劳空虚，需要充实一下的时候，我会觉得孤独。有时，我出差做讲座，见很多人，说很多话，回来后脑子里很多东西需要理一理，这时我也会觉得孤独。

2004中译英：

在人际关系问题上我们不要太浪漫主义。人是很有趣的，往往在接触一个人时首先看到的都是他或她的优点。这一点颇像是在餐馆里用餐的经验。开始吃头盘或冷碟的时候，印象很好。吃头两个主菜时，也是赞不绝口。愈吃愈趋于冷静，吃完了这顿筵席，缺点就都找出来了。于是转喜为怒，转赞美为责备挑剔，转首肯为摇头。这是因为，第一，开始吃的时候你正处于饥饿状态，而饿了吃糠甜加蜜，饱了吃蜜也不甜。第二，你初到一个餐馆，开始举筷时有新鲜感，新盖的茅房三天香，这也可以叫做“陌生化效应”。

参考译文：

We should not be too romantic in interpersonal relations. Human beings are interesting in that they tend to first see good in a new acquaintance. This is like dining in a restaurant. You will be not only favorably impressed with the first two courses. However， the more you have， the more sober you become until the dinner ends up with all the flaws exposed. Consequently， your joy would give way to anger; your praises to criticism or even fault-finding; and your nodding in agreement to shaking the head. What accounts for all this is， in the first place， you are hungry when you start to eat. As the saying goes， “Hunger is the best sauce”， and vice versa.

2003年英译汉

In his classic novel， “The Pioneers”， James Fenimore Cooper has his hero， a land developer， with his cousin on a tour of the city he is building. He describes the broad streets， rows of houses， a bustling metropolis(大城市，大都市)。 But his cousin looks around bewildered(困惑、迷惑)。 All she sees is a forest. “Where are the beauties and improvements(改造的地方)which you were to show me?” she asks. He‘s astonished she can’t see them. “Where! Why everywhere，” he replies. For though they are not yet built on earth， he has built them in his mind， and they are as concrete to him as if they were already constructed and finished.

Cooper was illustrating(讲述、描述、阐述)a distinctly American trait， future-mindedness(minded：有思想的，着眼未来的)： the ability to see the present from the vantage point of the future; the freedom to feel unencumbered 「没有阻碍的， 不受妨碍的;cumber(n.)障碍→encumber(v.)阻碍→encumbered有阻碍的→unencumbered没有阻碍的」by the past and more emotionally attached to things to come. As Albert Einstein once said， “Life for the American is always becoming(会变成什么样子)， never being(现在是什么样子)。”

参考译文：

詹姆斯?费尼莫?库珀在其经典小说《拓荒者》中，讲述了主人公，一个土地开发商人，带着他的表妹参观他正在开发承建的一座城市。他说，这是一个熙熙攘攘的大都市，街道宽阔，房屋林立。而他的表妹却环顾四周，大惑不解。她所看见的只是一片树林。她不禁问道：“你要给我看的美景在哪，被你改造了的地方又在哪?”。开发商没料到他的表妹竟看不到他所讲的一切，惊讶地回答说，“哪儿?到处都是啊!”虽然这一切还未在大地上建成，但他已经在脑海里建好了，对他来说，这一切都像已经建成竣工了那样真实具体。在这里库珀揭示了美国人的一个典型特点：那就是着眼未来，也就是说，他们能够从未来的角度看待现在的一切，可以不为过去所羁绊看待现在，在情感上更多地依附于未来的事物。正如阿尔伯特?爱因斯坦曾经说过的那样：“对美国人来说，生活总是在发展变化中，从来不会静止不变。”

2003C-E：

得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中横行霸道，一旦隔离，拘禁在花园山坡上一幢小房子里，我顿感打入冷宫，十分郁郁不得志起来。一个春天的傍晚，园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴，一时宾客云集，笑语四溢。我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥见园中大千世界，一片繁华，自己的哥姐，堂表弟兄，也穿插其间，个个喜气洋洋。一霎时，一阵被人摒弃，为世所遗的悲愤兜上心头，禁不住痛哭起来。

参考译文：Before I was taken ill， I had been a spoiled child of my parents， getting things my way in the family. Once isolated and confined to a small house on the slope of the garden， I suddenly found myself in disfavour and my wings clipped. One spring evening， with myriads of flowers in full bloom in the garden， my parents held a garden party in honour of many guests， whose arrival at once filled the place with laughing chats. In the small house on the slope， I quietly lifted the curtain， only to be met by a great and prosperous world with my elder brothers and sisters and my cousins among the guests， all in jubilation. All at once， seized by a fit of forlorn rage， I could not help bursting into tears.