[高中]全新语法:动词时态的用法 八、将来完成时

八、将来完成时

1.基本用法

（1）表示未来某时之前或未来某动作前已经完成之动作。

By the end of this week，I shall have finished the book.到本周末，我将读完这本书。

By this time tomorrow they will have repaired the machine.

明天这时候，他们将修好机器。

（2）表示对现在或将来可能已经完成动作的推测，相当于“must have done”结构。

You will have heard of this，I guess.我想你已经听说过这件事了。

I am sure he will have got the information.我相信他一定得到了这个信息。

（3）表示持续到将来某时已经一段时间的动作。

They will have been married for thirty years by 2009.到2009年他们结婚将满30年了。

We shall have lived here for five years by next March.

到明年3月我们将在此住了5年。

2.将来完成时的常用句式

（1）By the time+主语+一般现在时，主句+will/shall have done ...

The children will have gone to sleep by the time we get home.

等我们回家时，孩子们将已睡了。

【比较】

①By the time he returns we will have prepared the meal.（主句用将来完成时）

②By the time he returned we had prepared the meal.（主句用过去完成时）

（2）By the end of next ...，主句+will/shall have done ...

By the end of next year，they will have completed the work on the new stadium.

到明年年底前他们将已经完成新体育馆的建设。

By the end of next month，they will have built the bridge.

到下月底前他们将已经完成大桥的建设。

【比较】

①By the end of next term we will have read 300 books.（主句用将来完成时）

②By the end of last term we had read over 300 books.（主句用过去完成时）