[高中]全新语法:并列连词 二、关联连词的用法

二、关联连词的用法

1.both ...and...意为“和……都；既……又……”

She both speaks and writes Japanese.她不仅会说日语，而且还会写。

He spoke with both kindness and understanding.他说话既亲切又明事理。

【提示】 both ...and ...连接两个主语时，谓语要用复数。

Both she and Sophia were pleased with the girl.她和索菲娅都喜欢这姑娘。

2.either ...or ...意为“要么……要么……”、“不是……就是……”

Either come in or go out.要么进来，要么出去。

I want to visit either Paris or London.我想去巴黎或伦敦游览一下。

You can either have tea or coffee.你喝茶也行，喝咖啡也行。

Either he did not speak distinctly or I did not hear well.

不是他没讲清楚，就是我没听明白。

3.neither ...nor ...意为“既不……也不……”

She likes neither butter nor cheese.她既不喜欢黄油也不喜欢乳酪。

She is neither clever nor hardworking.她既不聪明，又不勤奋。

Neither he nor she is at home today.今天他和她都不在家。

【提示】

①neither ...nor ...，either ...or ...连接两个主语时，谓语动词要遵循“就近一致”原则。

Neither you nor he is to blame.既不要你负责也不要他负责。

Neither he nor you are to blame.既不要他负责也不要你负责。

②neither/nor置于句首时，要用倒装语序。

He doesn’t go to school by bike.Neither/Nor do I.

他不是骑自行车上学，我也不是。

You can’t sing，nor can I，neither/nor can she.你不会唱歌，我不会，她也不会。

4.not only ...but also 连接“平行结构”，意为“不但……而且；既……又……”

（1）连接主语

Not only you but also I am hungry.不只你，我也饿了呢。

Not only men but also women were chosen.不仅仅是男的，女的也有被选中的。

（2）连接谓语

She not only plays well，but also writes music.她不仅很会演奏，而且还会作曲。

He not only read the book，but also remembered what he read.

他不仅读过这本书，还记得内容。

（3）连接表语

He is not only rude but also selfish.他不但无礼，而且自私。

The place was not only cold，but also damp.那个地方不但很冷而且很潮湿。

（4）连接宾语

He speaks not only French but also English well.他法语和英语都说得好。

She likes not only music but also sport.她不但喜欢音乐而且喜欢运动。

（5）连接宾语补足语

I find the story not only interesting but also instructive.

我发现故事不但有趣而且有教育意义。

Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active.

浅色和鲜艳的颜色不但使人看了高兴，也会使人更加活泼。

（6）连接定语

Man has become master not only of the earth but also of the space.

人类不但征服了地球，而且征服了太空。

There are problems not only with the students，but also with the teachers themselves.

不但学生们有难题，教师们自己也有。

（7）连接状语

We go there not only in winter，but also in summer.我们不仅冬天去那儿，而且夏天也去。

He works not only on weekdays but on Sundays as well.

他不仅平时工作，星期日也工作。

（8）连接句子

I not only heard it，but （also）I saw it.我不仅听到，而且看到了它。

He has not only a first-class brain but also he is a diligent worker.

他不仅有着头等聪明的脑子，而且工作很能吃苦。

【提示】

①not only连接两个分句并置于句首时，它引导的分句用倒装语序。

Not only did he make a promise，but he kept it.他不仅许下诺言，而且说到做到。

Not only is he dependable，but also he is trustworthy.他不仅可靠而且值得信赖。

②如果连接两个主语，谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则。

【比较】 不仅你错了，连我也错了。

①Not only you but also I am wrong.（谓语由I 决定）

②Not only I but also you are wrong.（谓语由you 决定）

5.as well as 连接“平行结构”，意为“不但……而且；既……又……”

（1）连接名词或代词

Aluminium as well as most metals is a good conductor.铝和大多数金属都是良导体。

It is important for you as well as for me.这对我很重要，对你也很重要。

【比较】

①They have invited you as well as me.

他们邀请了我，也邀请了你。（you和me 都作invited的宾语）

②They have invited you as well as I.

他们和我一样都邀请了你。（they和I在句中作主语）

（2）连接形容词

She’s clever as well as beautiful.她不但漂亮，而且聪明。

The child is lively as well as healthy.孩子既健康又活泼。

（3）连接动名词，尤其是置于句首

As well as walking，he likes fishing and shooting.他除散步之外还喜欢钓鱼和打猎。

As well as breaking his leg，he hurt his arm.他不但摔断了腿，而且也伤了胳膊。

（4）连接介词短语

His name is known all over the world as well as in Japan.

他不仅在日本很有名，而且闻名全球。

We shall travel by night as well as by day.我们将日夜兼程。

（5）连接从句

We need air when we are asleep as well as when we are awake.

我们不仅在醒着的时候需要空气，在睡着的时候也需要空气。

【提示】

①表示强调时，强调对象为前者。

She can speak not only Japanese but also English.（强调会讲英语）

She can speak Japanese as well as English.（强调会讲日语）

②谓语动词遵循“就前原则”。

This dictionary as well as those books belongs to me.

那些书以及这本词典都是属于我的。（与dictionary 一致）