小学英语 学英语,练听力,上听力课堂! 注册 登录
> 小学英语 > 小学英语语法 >  内容

全新英语语法·小学篇:六、不定代词

所属教程:小学英语语法

浏览:

2021年11月16日

手机版
扫描二维码方便学习和分享

六、不定代词

不定代词指的是不确定的,非特指的代词。不定代词包括some,any,no,both,all,either,neither等和由some,any,no与one,body,thing构成的复合不定代词,如:someone,anybody,nothing等。

(一)some,any,no

1.some表示,“一些”,“一点儿”等的意思,通常用在肯定句中,any用于否定句中

2.any和some用于问句中,一般情况下,问句中用any

Is there any water in the bottle?瓶子里有水吗?

Are you going to buy any books?你打算去买书吗?

Have you got any money?你有钱吗?

Tips:

Some也可以用于疑问句中,表示请求、建议、命令、邀请并期望得到肯定的答复。

1.我们在请某人喝东西时,通常用some(不用any),

Would you like some coffee with sugar?你想喝点加糖的咖啡吗?(表明说话者的礼貌和肯定语气)

2.当我们提出请求,并希望得到肯定的答复时,通常用some(不用any)

Can I have some water?我可以喝点水吗?

3.no表示not any或not a

I have got no money .(=haven't got any money)

There is no water in the bottle.(=not any water)

There is no swimming pool in our school.(=not a swimming pool)

4.some,any,no和one,body,thing构成的复合不定代词someone,somebody,something,anyone,anybody,anything,no one,nobody,nothing用法分别与some,any,no的用法相同

I have something interesting to tell you.我有些有趣的事要告诉你。

Oh,there's something in my eye.哦,我眼睛里有东西了。

Listen! Someone is coming.听,有人来了。

There isn't anything in my pocket.It's empty.我口袋里什么也没有,是空的。

She didn't say anything .她什么都没说。

Anybody can do it.任何人都可以做这件事。

(二)both,either,neither

1.both表示“两者都”,谓语动词用复数形式。either表示“两人或两物中任何一个”,谓语动词用单数形式。neither与both意思相反,表示“两者都不”,谓语动词用单数形式

Bonnie has two children. Both are boys.(=two children)波尼有两个孩子,都是男孩。

Would you like chicken salad or fruit salad?You can have either.

(=chicken salad or fruit salad)你要鸡肉色拉还是水果色拉?你可以任选一个。

—Do you want to go to the park or the zoo?

— Neither. I want to go to the cinema.(=not the park or the zoo)

你要去公园还是动物园?两个都不去。我要去看电影。

2.both/either/neither后接名词单复数情况如下:

Tips:

both后只能修饰可数名词复数,或在可数名词复数之间加the,my,your。

both teachers 两个老师都

both the teachers 这两位老师都

both my English books 我的两本英语书都

(三)every,all

1.every指“每一个”,指“整体之中的每一个”,谓语动词用单数形式

all表示“两者以上都”,后接复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式,如后接不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式

Every student in the class has a kite.这个班每位学生都有一个风筝。

All of them are going to the park this Sunday.这星期天,他们都准备去公园。

All the students were there.所有的学生都在那里。

2.every day 指每一天,all day是指一整天

Every day my mother gets up early.我妈每天早起。

The weather was bad yesterday.It rained all day .昨天天气不好,下了一整天的雨。

Tips:

all后可直接加不可数名词或可数名词的复数,也可在all与名词之间加the,my,your,this,that,these,those等。

all the students 所有的学生 all students 所有的学生

all money 所有的钱 all the money 所有的钱

(四)everybody和everyone每个人,everything每件事情,everywhere每处

Everybody (or everyone) needs learning.(=all people)每个人都需要学习。

Where is my key?I've looked for it everywhere. (=all the places)我的钥匙在哪儿?我每个地方都找过了。

(五)a lot of,many,much

a lot of,many和much都有“许多、大量”的意思,a lot of后面可以接可数名词,也可以接不可数名词,如:a lot of books,a lot of time,a lot of water,etc.。many后接可数名词,如:many books,many questions,many shops,etc.。 much后接不可数名词,如:much time,much water,much milk,etc.

There is a lot of water in the bottle.瓶里有许多水。

There are a lot of people on the street.街上有许多人。

Have you got many books?你有许多书吗?

How many people are there in your family?你家里有几个人?

Do you drink much coffee every day?你每天喝大量咖啡吗?

(六)(a)little,(a)few

1.a little和a few表示“少数,少量”

a little后接不可数名词,如:a little salt/sugar/honey/time

a few后接可数名词。如:a few potatoes/days/books

Put a few cups of flour into a mixing bowl.(=some cups but not many cups)把几杯面粉放进搅拌碗里。

Add a little sugar.(=some sugar but not much)加一点糖。

I speak a little English.(=some English but not much)我讲一点英语。

Are there any shops around your home?Yes, a few .(=some shops)你家周围有商店吗?是的,有一些。

I have got a few friends here.I'm happy.(=some friends)我这儿有些朋友,我很高兴。

2.little和few 都有“几乎没有”的意思。little后接不可数名词,few后接可数名词

There is little milk in the box.It's nearly empty.(=nearly nothing)盒子里几乎没有牛奶了,盒子几乎空了。

I have got few friends.I'm lonely.(=nearly no friends)我几乎没有朋友,我很孤独。

Tips:

1.我们在请某人喝东西时,通常用some(不用any)。

如:—Would you like some coffee?—Yes,please.

2.当我们提出请求,并希望得到肯定的答复时,通常用some(不用any)。

如:—Can I have some water?—Yes.

Exercises

3.11 Read and circle (请将正确的不定代词填入空格内)

1.There's ____ sugar in your coffee.(not,no)

2.There aren't ____ pictures on the wall.(some,any)

3.Are you going to the library or the museum?____.I want to stay at home.I have to do my homework.(Both,Either,Neither)

4.Look!____ pockets are empty.(Both,Either,Neither)

5.Jill gets up at seven ____ morning.(every,all)

6.I'm not going out tomorrow.I'll be at home ____.(every day,all day)

7.There's ____ to eat.The fridge is empty.(something,anything,nothing)

8.Would you like some water?Yes,____.(a little,a few)

3.12 Read and complete (选择方框内的单词完成句子)

1.  something,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody,nobody

—There's ____ wrong with my computer.

—I'm sorry.I can't help you.I don't know ____ about it.

—Do you know ____ who can help me?

—Maybe you can use Baidu.I'm sure you can find ____.

2.  some,any,a little,a few

—Look,Mum.Can I have ____ chocolate?

—You had ____ sweets last week.

—But I didn't have____ chocolate.

—OK.


用户搜索

疯狂英语 英语语法 新概念英语 走遍美国 四级听力 英语音标 英语入门 发音 美语 四级 新东方 七年级 赖世雄 zero是什么意思徐州市西贺花园(西区)英语学习交流群

  • 频道推荐
  • |
  • 全站推荐
  • 推荐下载
  • 网站推荐