白细胞 Leukocyte

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白细胞 Leukocyte

　　白细胞

　　Or white blood cell (WBC); a colorless blood corpuscle capable of ameboid movement, whose chief function is to protect the body against microorganisms causing disease and which may be classified in two main groups: granular (granulocytes: basophils, eosinophils, neutrophils) and nongranular(nongranulocytes: lymphocytes, monocytes).

　　或称白血球（WBC），为一能作变形运动的无色血细胞，其主要作用是保护机体抗御致病菌。它可以分为两大类：粒性（粒性白细胞：嗜碱粒细胞、嗜酸粒细胞、嗜中性粒细胞）和非粒性（非粒性白细胞：淋巴细胞、单核细胞）。

　　The doctor counts the total number of white blood cells and works out how many different types of white blood cells the patient has. This is called the differential WBC count. form www.med66.com

　　医生计算总白细胞数，并分析病人白细胞种类，这一过程称为白细胞计数鉴别。

　　The number of white blood cells may go up and this may be because of a bacterial infection, bleeding or a burn. More rarely the cause of a raised white count is due to leukaemia, cancer or malaria.

　　白细胞数量上升的可能原因包括细菌感染、出血或烧伤，也有可能是因为白血病、癌症或疟疾，但较少见。

　　Low white counts can be a sign of bone marrow diseases or an enlarged spleen. Low WBC is also found in HIV infection in some cases. A person may lose white blood cells because they have autoimmune problems - this is where the antibodies that should fight diseases attack the body instead. Other reasons for loss of white blood cells include viral infections. More rarely, this can be a side effect of certain kinds of medication.

　　白细胞数低可能是骨髓疾病或脾肿大症状，有些HIV感染病人也会出现白细胞数降低的情况。自身免疫疾病，即本应抗击疾病的抗体反而攻击机体，可导致白细胞丢失。其他可导致白细胞丢失的原因包括病毒感染，也可能是某些药物副作用所到，但较少见。

　　WBC Ranges

　　白细胞范围

　　Normal Adult Range: 3.8 - 10.8 thous/mcl

　　成人正常：3.8-10.8 ×109/L

　　Optimal Adult Reading: 7.3

　　成人最优：7.3

　　Higher ranges are found in children, newborns and infants.

　　儿童、新生儿和婴儿白细胞值较高。