在备战英语四级考试的过程中，填空练习占据着举足轻重的地位。这种题型不仅能够有效检验考生对词汇和语法的掌握情况，更是提高阅读理解和语言综合应用能力的关键环节。接下来，我们将以“城市化对环境的影响”为选词填空真题范例，详细探讨这类练习在备考中的独特意义，旨在帮助考生更好地理解题目类型、把握答题技巧，以便在考试中更加从容应对。
英文原文
As urbanization continues to accelerate, its environmental impact has become increasingly serious. The rise of cities has led to a significant increase in population density, ______ greater pressure on natural resources and the environment.
One of the most immediate effects is the loss of green spaces. As urban areas expand, forests, wetlands, and other natural habitats are often cleared to make way for housing, roads, and other infrastructure. This results in a decrease in biodiversity and a disruption of ecological balance.
Another key issue is the increased demand for energy. Urban areas require vast amounts of energy for heating, cooling, lighting, and transportation. This high demand often leads to increased fossil fuel consumption, ______ in higher levels of greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution.
Moreover, urbanization has also led to an increase in waste generation. With more people living in close proximity, the amount of solid waste, liquid waste, and hazardous waste produced daily has skyrocketed. Proper waste management and recycling have become crucial to mitigating the negative environmental impact of urbanization.
However, it is important to note that urbanization also presents opportunities for environmental improvement. Cities can become hubs for innovation and technology, ______ to develop sustainable solutions to environmental challenges. For example, the use of renewable energy sources, such as solar panels and wind turbines, can help reduce fossil fuel dependence and lower emissions.
Options:
A. translating
B. resulting
C. conducive
D. enabling
文章概要
随着城市化的加速，其对环境的影响日益严重。城市的崛起导致人口密度显著增加，给自然资源和环境带来了更大的压力。最直接的影响之一是绿色空间的丧失。随着城市地区的扩张，森林、湿地和其他自然栖息地经常被清除，为住房、道路和其他基础设施腾出空间。这导致生物多样性减少和生态平衡受到破坏。另一个关键问题是能源需求的增加。城市地区需要大量的能源用于供暖、制冷、照明和交通。这种高需求往往导致化石燃料消耗增加，进而导致温室气体排放和空气污染水平上升。此外，城市化还导致废物产生量增加。随着越来越多的人生活在近距离内，每天产生的固体废物、液体废物和危险废物的数量急剧增加。妥善的废物管理和回收已成为缓解城市化对环境负面影响的关键。然而，值得注意的是，城市化也为环境改善提供了机会。城市可以成为创新和技术的中心，_____发展解决环境挑战的可持续解决方案。例如，使用可再生能源，如太阳能电池板和风力涡轮机，有助于减少对化石燃料的依赖并降低排放。
答案
B, D, C
解析
第一个空描述了城市化对自然资源和环境压力的影响，需要一个表达“导致”的词汇，因此“B. resulting”（导致）是合适的选项。
第二个空描述了化石燃料消耗增加与温室气体排放和空气污染之间的关系，需要一个表达“使得”或“导致”的词汇，因此“D. enabling”（使能够）是恰当的，尽管在这里它的意思更接近于“导致”。
第三个空描述了城市化如何为环境改善提供机会，需要一个表达“有助于”或“促进”的词汇，因此“C. conducive”（有助于）是最佳选择。
选词填空练习在备战英语四级考试中具有举足轻重的地位。它不仅能够检验考生的词汇和语法掌握情况，还能提升他们的阅读理解和语言应用能力。因此，考生在备考过程中应充分重视这种练习，通过不断的练习和积累，提高自己的英语水平和应试能力。
