雅思听力对话：斯多葛哲学01
雅思听力在考试中占据着重要的地位，时常用听力材料来磨耳朵可以不断巩固大脑的英语语言能力。以下是雅思听力材料，您可以结合MP3和下方的原文及翻译进行听力学习。
听力原文及翻译
Ancient philosophy is not just about talking or lecturing, or even reading long, dense books. In fact, it is something people have used throughout history to solve their problems and to achieve their greatest triumphs.
古代哲学不仅仅是谈论或讲课，甚至不仅仅是阅读冗长而深奥的书籍。事实上，它是人们在整个历史中用来解决问题和取得最大成就的东西。
Specifically, I am referring to Stoicism, which, in my opinion, is the most practical of all philosophies and therefore the most appealing. Stoicism was founded in ancient Greece by Zeno of Citium in the early 3rd century BC but was practiced by the likes of Epictetus, Cato, Seneca, and Marcus Aurelius.
具体来说，我指的是斯多葛哲学，在我看来，它是所有哲学中最实用的，因此也是最有吸引力的。斯多葛哲学是由芝诺在公元前 3 世纪初在古希腊创立的，但被爱比克泰德、加图、塞内卡和马库斯·奥勒留等人所实践。
Amazingly, we still have access to these ideas, despite the fact that the most famous Stoics never wrote anything down for publication. Cato definitely didn't, Marcus Aurelius never intended his Meditations to be anything but personal, Seneca's letters were, well, letters, and Epictetus's thoughts come to us by way of a note-taking student.
令人惊讶的是，尽管最著名的斯多葛学派从未写下任何东西出版，但我们仍然可以接触到这些思想。加图绝对没有，马库斯·奥勒留从未打算将他的《沉思录》变成个人的，塞内卡的书信就是书信，而爱比克泰德的思想是通过做笔记的学生传给我们的。
Stoic principles were based on the idea that its followers could have unshakable happiness in this life, and the key to achieving this was virtue. The road to virtue, in turn, lies in understanding that destructive emotions like anger and jealousy are under our conscious control; they don't have to control us, because we can learn to control them.
斯多葛学派的原则基于这样的理念：其追随者可以拥有不可动摇的幸福，而实现这一目标的关键是美德。而通往美德的道路则在于理解愤怒和嫉妒等破坏性情绪在我们的意识控制之下；它们不必控制我们，因为我们可以学会控制它们。
In the words of Epictetus, "External events I cannot control, but the choices I make with regard to them, I do control."
用爱比克泰德的话来说，“我无法控制外部事件，但我可以控制我对它们的选择。”
The modern-day philosopher and writer Nasim Nicholas Taleb defines a Stoic as someone who has a different perspective on experiences which most of us would see as wholly negative. A Stoic transforms fear into caution, pain into transformation, mistakes into initiation, and desire into undertaking.
现代哲学家和作家纳西姆·尼古拉斯·塔勒布将斯多葛学派定义为对大多数人认为完全负面的经历有不同看法的人。斯多葛学派将恐惧转化为谨慎，将痛苦转化为转变，将错误转化为启蒙，将欲望转化为行动。
Using this definition as a model, we can see that throughout the centuries, Stoicism has been practiced in more recent history by kings, presidents, artists, writers, and entrepreneurs.
以这个定义为模型，我们可以看到，几个世纪以来，斯多葛学派在近代历史上一直被国王、总统、艺术家、作家和企业家所实践。
以上就是本期的雅思听力练习，希望对您的听力水平有所帮助。您也可以访问网站主页，获取最新的英语学习资料，全方位提升英语能力。
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