医生诊断出第一例女性尿酒

医生诊断出第一例女性尿酒

Doctors have reported the first known case of a woman who urinates alcohol after a never-before-seen condition effectively turned her bladder into a microbrewery.

医生报告了第一个已知的病例，一名妇女在从未见过的情况下排尿后，有效地把她的膀胱变成了一个微型啤酒厂。

Reporting the unusual case in the Annals of Internal Medicine, the condition came to light when doctors at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian Hospital were examining a 61-year-old woman for placement on the liver transplant waitlist. The woman was suffering from liver cirrhosis and diabetes, illnesses often associated with alcoholism and heavy alcohol use.

据《内科学年鉴》报道，匹兹堡大学医学中心长老会医院的医生，在检查一名61岁的妇女是否被列入肝移植候补名单时，发现了这一罕见病例。这名妇女患有肝硬化和糖尿病，这些疾病通常与酗酒和大量饮酒有关。

However, she claimed to rarely touch alcohol. Doctors were, understandably, skeptical about this claim at first because her urine tests for alcohol were repeatedly positive. Multiple doctors also advised her to seek treatment for alcohol use disorder, but she continued to insist she had not had anything to drink.

然而，她声称很少接触酒精。医生们一开始对这种说法表示怀疑，这是可以理解的，因为她的尿检酒精测试多次呈阳性。多名医生也建议她寻求酒精使用障碍的治疗，但她仍然坚持说她没有喝任何东西。

Then, some of the clinicians noted her urine test results for ethyl glucuronide and ethyl sulfate, substances produced by the break down of ethanol (alcohol), were negative. Equally, her blood tests came back negative for ethanol. This meant the alcohol was not in her bloodstream, so she didn’t report feeling drunk or intoxicated.

随后，一些临床医生注意到，她的尿液中葡萄糖醛酸乙酯和硫酸乙酯(乙醇分解产生的物质)的检测结果为阴性。同样，她的血液酒精测试结果为阴性。这意味着酒精不在她的血液中，所以她说自己没有喝酒。

The strange set of circumstances eventually led the doctors to take a closer look at her pee. They discovered the woman’s bladder had become colonized with a strain of yeast called Candida glabrata, a fungus that's part of the normal human flora that’s closely related to brewer's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae).

这种奇怪的情况最终导致医生对她的小便进行了更仔细的检查。他们发现这名妇女的膀胱已经被一种名为念珠菌的酵母菌占领，这种真菌是人类正常菌群的一部分，与酿酒酵母(酿酒酵母属)关系密切。

They took samples of the yeast, placed it in a petri dish under certain conditions, and watched whether it fermented. Lo and behold, the sample produced alcohol.

他们采集了酵母菌的样本，把它放在培养皿中，在一定的条件下，观察它是否发酵。结果，样品产生了酒精。

It appears that the woman’s bladder had effectively acted like a booze brewery. To make alcohol, whether its beer or hard liquor, you need water and sugar, paired with yeast and an absence of oxygen. The anaerobic (no oxygen) conditions make the yeast ferment the sugars into ethanol and carbon dioxide. The woman's urine contained sugar as a symptom of her poorly controlled diabetes. Paired with the yeast that had colonized her bladder, the conditions were ideal for fermentation and the production of alcohol.

看来这名妇女的膀胱实际上起到了酿酒厂的作用。制造酒精，不管是啤酒还是烈性酒，都需要水和糖，再加上酵母和缺氧。厌氧(无氧)条件使酵母将糖发酵成乙醇和二氧化碳。这名妇女的尿液中含有糖分，这是她控制不好的糖尿病的症状。再加上寄生在膀胱里的酵母，这些条件是发酵和酒精生产的理想条件。

“I think the biggest reason for the patient to develop this condition is her poorly controlled diabetes because the bladder environment with high levels of glucose is definitely an optimistic condition for the growth and activity of the yeast,” Kenichi Tamama, study author and Associate Professor of Pathology, told IFLScience.

研究作者、病理学副教授Kenichi Tamama在接受IFLScience采访时说：“我认为，患者患上这种疾病的最大原因是糖尿病控制不好，因为高血糖的膀胱环境对酵母的生长和活性绝对是一个有利的条件。”。

The doctors eventually diagnosed the woman with a novel case of “urinary auto-brewery syndrome” or “bladder fermentation syndrome.”

医生最终诊断这名妇女患有一种新的“尿自动酿酒综合征”或“膀胱发酵综合征”。

The “auto-brewery” effect has never been seen in a bladder before, although it has been documented a handful of times in the digestive system. Unfortunately, with this form of the condition, people report feeling tipsy and “foggy-headed” because the alcohol enters the bloodstream. It can also result in nausea, vomiting, impaired sensations, memory blackout, and even loss of consciousness.

这种“自动酿酒”的效果以前从未在膀胱中出现过，尽管它在消化系统中被记录过几次。不幸的是，在这种情况下，由于酒精进入血液，人们会感到醉意和“头昏眼花”，也会导致恶心、呕吐、感觉受损、记忆丧失，甚至失去意识。

All in all, it's not as fun as it might first sound.

总的来说，它没有听起来那么有趣。