世界著名语言学家齐聚一堂，评选“十年词汇”

世界著名语言学家齐聚一堂，评选“十年词汇”

Leading linguists gather on Friday to decide whether Americans over the past decade were most affected by movements to end racial or sexual violence, cultivate respect for gender fluidity or some other change – and how to sum it all up in one word or phrase.

主要的语言学家们将于本周五齐聚一堂，讨论在过去十年中，美国人是否最容易受到结束种族或性暴力、培养对性别流动性的尊重或其他一些变化的影响，以及如何用一个词或短语来概括这一切。

The American Dialect Society picks the “Word of the Decade” and “Word of the Year” at its annual meeting of university professors, grad students and word lovers of all ages, said Ben Zimmer, a linguist and lexicographer who heads the society’s New Words Committee.

美国方言学会新词委员会主席、语言学家、词典编纂者本·齐默说，该学会在其大学教授、研究生和各年龄段词汇爱好者的年度会议上，评选出“十年词汇”和“年度词汇”。

“People want to choose something that stands the test of time and sums up the decade as a whole,” said Zimmer, who writes a language column for the Wall Street Journal.

为《华尔街日报》撰写语言专栏的齐默说:“人们想要选择一种经得起时间考验、能够总结整个十年的语言。”

Social media has turbo-charged the way words or phrases become popular, leading to some recent multi-word champions for “Word of the Year,” including “tender-age shelter” in 2018 and “fake news” in 2017.

社交媒体极大地推动了词汇或短语的流行，导致最近一些多词词汇成为“年度词汇”的冠军，包括2018年的“tender-age shelter”和2017年的“fake news”。

Decade nominees include:

十年词汇候选词包括:

• “#BlackLivesMatter,” the hashtag used to protest alleged disparities in police use of force against African Americans.
• “黑人的生命很重要”是一个标签，用来抗议警察对非裔美国人使用武力的不平等。
• “Climate,” reflecting increased interest in the impact of climate change.
• “气候”一词反映了人们对气候变化影响的日益关注。
• “#MeToo,” the movement that has highlighted widespread patterns of sexual abuse and harassment that women have faced at the hands of men across many spheres of life, including business, politics and entertainment.
• “#MeToo,” 运动突显出在商业、政治和娱乐等生活的许多领域，女性都面临着男性的性侵犯和性骚扰。
• “They,” when used as a gender-neutral singular pronoun, particularly as a nonbinary identifier.
• “They”用作中性的单数代词时，尤其是用作非二元标识符时。

The society, founded in 1889 and dedicated to the study of the English language in North America, started selecting its “Word of the Year” in 1991 and since then has picked only two other “Word of the Decade” winners. Top choices were “web” for the 1990s and “Google” as a verb for the 2000s.

该协会成立于1889年，致力于北美英语语言的研究，从1991年开始评选“年度词汇”，从那以后只选出了另外两个“十年词汇”的获奖者。最受欢迎词汇是20世纪90年代的“web”和21世纪头十年的动词“谷歌”。

So far, “Word of the Year” nominations for 2019 include:

到目前为止，2019年的“年度词汇”提名包括:

• “OK Boomer,” described as a retort to someone older who expresses views that are out-of-touch or condescending to young people and their concerns.
• “OK, Boomer，”被描述为对年长一些的人的反驳，他们表达的观点脱离现实，或对年轻人及其关注的问题表现出优越感。
• “(My) pronouns,” an introduction used for sharing one’s set of personal pronouns, for example “pronouns: she/her.”
• “(我的)代词”，用来分享一组人称代词的介绍，例如“代词:she/her”。
• “Cancel,” meaning to withdraw support from someone or something that is considered problematic or unacceptable, used in the phrase “cancel culture.”
• “取消”，意思是收回对某人或某事的支持，这被认为是有问题的或不可接受的，在短语“取消文化”中使用。
• “Karen,” the stereotype of a complaining, self-important, demanding wh
• “卡伦”——一个爱抱怨、自命不凡、苛求女人的刻板印象。