器官错位的她活了99年

器官错位的她活了99年

On an early spring day in 2018, the faint smell of formaldehyde floating in the air, 26-year-old medical student Warren Nielsen and four of his classmates prepped a cadaver in the chilly dissection lab at Oregon Health and Science University in Portland.

2018年早春的一天，空气中飘着淡淡的甲醛味，26岁的医科学生沃伦·尼尔森(Warren Nielsen)和四名同学在寒冷的解剖实验室里准备了一具尸体。解剖室位于波特兰的俄勒冈健康与科学大学(Oregon Health and Science University)。

Similar groups of five gathered around bodies on the other 15 tables in the anatomy class, all eager to explore the mysteries of the human body they had seen only in textbooks.

在解剖学课上，其他15张桌子上也有类似的五人小组，他们都热切地想探索他们只在课本上见过的人体之谜。

The cadaver assigned to Nielsen's team was a 99-year-old woman who had died of natural causes. Her name was Rose Marie Bentley, but the students didn't know that then. To honor and respect the privacy of those who offer their bodies to science, no further details are given medical students about the person who had once inhabited the body lying on the silvery slab before them.

尼尔森团队的尸体是一名99岁的自然死亡女性。她的名字叫罗斯·玛丽·本特利，但当时学生们并不知道。为了尊重和尊重那些把自己的身体奉献给科学的人的隐私，关于是谁曾经拥有现在躺在他们面前的银色平板上的尸体的细节并没有提供给医学生。

But as the students and their professors were soon to find out, Bentley was special, so special she deserved her own unique spot in medical literature and history books.

但是学生们和他们的教授们很快就发现，本特利很特别，所以她值得在医学文学和历史书籍中拥有自己独特的地位。

The reason? A condition called situs inversus with levocardia, in which most vital organs are reversed -- almost like a mirror inside the body. That, along with a host of other weird but wonderful abnormalities, made Bentley a sort of medical unicorn.

原因?这是一种叫做左心静脉曲张(situs inversus with levocardia)的情况，在这种情况下，大多数重要器官都发生了逆转——几乎就像体内的一面镜子。这一点，加上许多其他奇怪但奇妙的异常，使宾利成为一种医学上的独角兽。

"I think the odds of finding another person like her may be as remote as one in 50 million," said assistant professor Cameron Walker, who teaches the Foundations of Clinical Anatomy class at Oregon Health and Science University. "I don't think any of us will ever forget it, honestly."

“我认为找到另一个像她这样的人的几率可能只有五千万分之一，”在俄勒冈健康与科学大学教授临床解剖学基础课程的助理教授卡梅隆·沃克(Cameron Walker)说。“说实话，我不认为我们任何人会忘记这件事。”

'This is totally backwards'

“这完全是颠倒过来的”

On this March day, the assignment was to open the body's chest cavity to examine the heart. It wasn't long before Nielsen's group began to question their fledgling medical knowledge.

今年3月的这一天，医生的任务是打开病人的胸腔检查心脏。不久，尼尔森的团队就开始质疑他们刚刚起步的医学知识。

"Her heart was missing a large vein that's normally on the right side," Nielsen said.

尼尔森说:“她的心脏失去了正常情况下位于右侧的一根大血管。”

Bewildered, he and his team called the professors over and asked: "Where's the inferior vena cava? Are we missing it? Are we crazy?"

他和他的团队困惑地把教授们叫了过来，问道:“下腔静脉在哪里?”我们错过了吗?我们是疯了吗?”

"And they kind of rolled their eyes," Nielsen said, "Like, 'how can these students miss this big vessel?' And they come over and that's when the hubbub starts. They're like 'Oh, my God, this is totally backwards!' "

尼尔森说:“他们翻了个白眼，‘这些学生怎么会错过这么大的静脉呢?“他们过来了，就在这时，喧闹开始了。他们会说，‘哦，天哪，这完全是颠倒过来的!’”

A typical body has a large vein called the vena cava that follows the right side of the vertebral column, curving under the liver and emptying deoxygenated blood into the heart.

典型的身体有一条叫做腔静脉的大静脉，沿着脊柱的右侧弯曲，在肝脏下面弯曲，将去氧的血液排入心脏。

Bentley's vein was on the left, and instead of terminating directly into the heart, which is typical, "her vein continued through her diaphragm, along the thoracic vertebrae, up and around and over the aortic arch and then emptied into the right side of her heart," Walker said.

本特利的静脉在左侧，而不是直接终止于心脏，这是典型的，“她的静脉继续通过她的横膈膜，沿着胸椎，向上，围绕和越过主动脉弓，然后排空到她的心脏右侧，”沃克说。

"Normally speaking, none of us have a vessel that does that directly," he added.

“通常情况下，我们都没有直接这样做的静脉，”他补充说。

'Mom would have been so tickled'

“妈妈会很开心的”

Rose Marie Phelps was born in 1918 in Waldport, a small town on the Oregon coast. The youngest child of four, "she was babied," said daughter Patti Helmig, who at 78 is the oldest of her five children. "She would admit she was spoiled."

罗斯·玛丽·菲尔普斯1918年出生在俄勒冈州海岸小镇沃尔德波特。现年78岁的女儿帕蒂·赫尔米格是她五个孩子中最大的一个。“她会承认自己被宠坏了。”

A hairdresser by trade, Bentley was always fascinated by science, Helmig remembered, and she believes her mother would have made a fine nurse if she had been given the opportunity to train.

赫尔米格回忆说，本特利是一名职业理发师，她总是对科学着迷。她相信，如果有机会接受培训，她的母亲会成为一名出色的护士。

"She volunteered during World War II for one of the nurse's aid corps," Helmig said. "And she was thrilled when someone reached out to her about doing a study on smallpox survivors, which she had as a child."

赫尔米格说:“二战期间，她自愿参加了一个护士援助团。“当有人向她提出要对天花幸存者进行研究时，她非常激动。她小时候就有这项研究。”