为什么阿什利·瓦格纳花了十年时间才谈论她的性侵犯

为什么阿什利·瓦格纳花了十年时间才谈论她的性侵犯

Figure skater Ashley Wagner, an Olympic bronze medalist and three-time national champion, tells her story of when she was sexually assaulted at 17.

花样滑冰运动员阿什利瓦格纳(Ashley Wagner)曾获得奥运会铜牌，三次获得全国冠军，她讲述了自己17岁时遭到性侵犯的故事。

That Ashley Wagner waited more than a decade to go public with allegations of her sexual assault is neither surprising nor unusual.

阿什利·瓦格纳(Ashley Wagner)等了10多年才将性侵指控公之于众，这既不令人意外，也不罕见。

In fact, that she’s going public at all makes her a rarity.

事实上，她的上市让她成为一个稀有的人物。

Only about one in four survivors report being abused and, of those who do, delayed reporting is “definitely the norm,” said Scott Berkowitz, founder and president of RAINN, the nation’s largest anti-sexual violence organization. That is particularly true for teenagers, as Wagner was when she was assaulted.

美国最大的反性暴力组织RAINN的创始人兼总裁斯科特·伯科维茨(Scott Berkowitz)说，只有大约四分之一的幸存者报告受到虐待，而在那些受到虐待的人中，拖延报告“绝对是正常现象”。对青少年来说尤其如此，就像瓦格纳被侵犯时一样。

According to a 2017 study by the National Women’s Law Center, just 1% of girls ages 14 to 18 reported being sexually harassed or assaulted to the police while 2% said they told their parents or a school administrator.

根据全国妇女法律中心2017年的一项研究，在14岁至18岁的女孩中，只有1%的人向警方报告受到性骚扰或性侵犯，2%的人说她们告诉了父母或学校管理人员。

“No matter how old you are or what the context is, it can be incredibly difficult to make a report of sexual assault,” said Emily Martin, the vice president for Education and Workplace Justice at the National Women’s Law Center.

美国国家妇女法律中心(National Women 's Law Center)负责教育和工作场所司法的副主任艾米丽·马丁(Emily Martin)说，“无论你多大年纪，也无论你所处的环境如何，要对性侵犯做出报告都可能极其困难。”

“There’s a lot of misplaced shame in being the victim of a sexual assault, and I think that’s especially true if you’re very young,” Martin said. “(They’re) frightened and ashamed of telling people you have a sexual experience at all, setting aside the very real fear of being disbelieved.”

马丁说:“成为性侵犯的受害者有很多错位的羞耻感，我认为如果你很年轻，这种感觉尤其明显。”“(他们)害怕和羞于告诉别人你有过性经历，把被怀疑的真正恐惧放在一边。”

The reasons for not disclosing are myriad, ranging from that fear of not being believed to not wanting to have to relive the assault to not wanting the assault to become their identity. There is also the fear of retaliation if the abuser is in a position of power or, as in Wagner’s case, a fear of being seen as “disrupting” the workplace or team and the resulting retribution.

不披露的原因有很多，从害怕不被相信，到不想再次遭受攻击，再到不想让攻击成为他们的身份。还有一种担心是，如果施虐者身居高位，会遭到报复;或者，就像瓦格纳的情况一样，害怕被视为“扰乱”了工作场所或团队，从而招致报复。

And if it’s a teenager and the abuser is a friend or friends with all of his or her friends, the decision of whether to report is all the more fraught.

如果是一个青少年，而施虐者是他或她所有朋友的朋友，那么是否报案的决定就更加令人担忧。

Wagner told USA TODAY Sports that she was 17 when pairs skater John Coughlin kissed and groped her without her consent in June 2008. Though Coughlin was five years older, the all-consuming demands of training and competition make the social circle of elite figure skaters – all elite athletes, really – inordinately small.

瓦格纳在接受《今日美国体育》采访时表示，2008年6月，在她17岁时，双人滑冰选手约翰·库格林未经她的同意亲吻并抚摸了她。尽管考夫林比他大五岁，但训练和比赛的巨大消耗使优秀花样滑冰运动员的社交圈变得异常狭小——实际上，小得离谱。

“I didn’t know what would happen," Wagner said. "I was afraid that my federation would see me in a different light and this was right around the time that my career was just starting to take off so it was all really new and exciting and I didn’t want to jeopardize my position in this sport in any way.”

“我不知道会发生什么，”瓦格纳说，“我担心我的联盟会从不同的角度看待我，这正是我的职业生涯刚刚起步的时候，所以这一切都是全新的和令人兴奋的，我不想以任何方式危及我在这项运动中的地位。”

Said Berkowitz, speaking in general about teenagers victimized by someone in their social circle: “There’s extra complexity in speaking out there because there’s a fear you’re alienating your peer group by being the one who speaks out. Or you’re hurting someone who’s part of that group or who your friends care about.

伯克维茨在谈到青少年被自己社交圈里的某个人伤害时说:“在社交圈里说出来会有额外的复杂性，因为你担心自己会因为成为那个说出来的人而疏远你的同龄人。或者你伤害了某个群体的成员或者你朋友关心的人。