为什么假笑并不总是让你快乐

为什么假笑并不总是让你快乐

Since childhood, we've been told that if we slap on a smile, happiness will come. And that doesn't just come from your mom trying to make you look more pleasant. The idea that smiling can make you happier and frowning can make you sadder hearkens back to Charles Darwin in the 1800s, NPR points out. Later called "the facial feedback hypothesis," scientists believed that when you change the expression on your face, you can change your mood.

从童年起，我们就被告知，只要我们微笑，幸福就会到来。这不仅仅是因为你妈妈想让你看起来更讨人喜欢。美国国家公共电台指出，微笑会让你更快乐，皱眉会让你更悲伤，这让人想起19世纪的查尔斯·达尔文。后来被称为“面部反馈假说”，科学家们认为，当你改变面部表情时，你可以改变你的心情。

But new research finds that the truth isn't that simple. In a recent paper published in Psychological Bulletin, researchers analyzed the results from 138 studies that tested more than 11,000 participants from all over the world. The data covered more than 50 years of experiments.

但新的研究发现，事实并非如此简单。在最近发表在《心理学公报》上的一篇论文中，研究人员分析了138项研究的结果，这些研究对来自世界各地的1.1万多名参与者进行了测试。这些数据涵盖了50多年的实验。

After breaking down the studies, they found that smiling does have an impact on emotions — but only a negligible one.

在分解了这些研究之后，他们发现微笑确实对情绪有影响——但只是微不足道的影响。

 (Photo: Tiko Aramyan/Shutterstock)

They discovered, for example, that if 100 people smiled — and the circumstances surrounding the smile was the same with all of them — only about seven would likely feel happier than if they hadn't smiled, NPR says.

例如，他们发现，如果100个人笑了——而且所有人的笑的环境都是一样的——只有7个人可能会比没有笑的人更快乐，NPR说。

The researchers also looked into frowning and scowling to see if there was a connection between those forced expressions and feeling angry or mad. In both cases, the connections were small.

研究人员还研究了皱眉和愁眉苦脸，看看这些强迫的表情和生气或愤怒之间是否有联系。在这两种情况下，联系都很小。

"We don't think that people can smile their way to happiness," said lead researcher Nicholas Coles, University of Tennessee Knoxville Ph.D. student in social psychology, in a statement.

研究负责人、田纳西大学诺克斯维尔分校社会心理学博士生尼古拉斯·科尔斯在一份声明中说：“我们认为人们无法通过微笑获得幸福。”

"But these findings are exciting because they provide a clue about how the mind and the body interact to shape our conscious experience of emotion. We still have a lot to learn about these facial feedback effects, but this meta-analysis put us a little closer to understanding how emotions work."

“但这些发现令人兴奋，因为它们提供了一条线索，说明大脑和身体如何相互作用，从而塑造我们对情感的有意识体验。”关于这些面部反馈效应，我们还有很多需要了解，但这项荟萃分析让我们更接近于理解情绪是如何工作的。”

(Photo: vectorfusionart/Shutterstock)

More recently, a study published in the Journal of Occupational Health Psychologyfound that there may be a negative to putting on a happy face when you're not feeling it.

最近，《职业健康心理学杂志》上发表的一项研究发现，当你不开心的时候，假装开心可能会有负面影响。

People who have to smile a lot for their jobs — especially in retail and service industry jobs — end up drinking more when they're off the clock.

那些工作时必须经常微笑的人——尤其是在零售业和服务业——下班后会喝得更多。

So maybe sometimes, turning that frown upside down isn't such a great idea after all.

所以，也许有时候，把眉头翻过来假装开心并不是一个好主意。