小的时候眼睛不好会影响大脑发育哦
一个研究团队发现，童年时期的视觉异常会影响负责注意力等功能的高级脑部区域的发展。
The researchers from the University of Waterloo, University of British Columbia, and the University of Auckland uncovered differences in how the brain processes visual information in patients with various types of lazy eye. In doing so, they are the first to demonstrate that the brain can divert attention away from a lazy eye when both eyes are open.
滑铁卢大学、英属哥伦比亚大学和奥克兰大学的研究员们揭露了不同种类弱视患者在大脑处理视觉信息方面的不同。在研究过程中，他们首先证明了，在双眼睁开时，大脑会转移较弱的一只眼睛的注意力。
"Current treatments for lazy eye primarily target the early stages of visual processing within the brain," said Ben Thompson, a professor in Waterloo's School of Optometry and Vision Science."The results from this study show us that new treatments should also target higher-level processes such as attention."
“目前治疗弱视的方法主要是针对大脑内部的视觉处理阶段，这项研究的结果显示，新的治疗方法还应该针对如注意力之类的高级处理。”验光和视觉专家Ben Thompson教授谈到。
Lazy eye, known as amblyopia, is a loss of vision that originates in the brain, typically when a child develops an eye turn (strabismic type) or a substantial difference in refractive error between the eyes (anisometropic type). The unequal input causes the brain to ignore information from the weaker eye during brain development. Conventionally, eyecare practitioners treated the different types of lazy eye similarly, primarily because the visual impairments experienced appeared to be the same.
弱视是一种源于脑部的视力下降，通常是在儿童时期出现的眼球转向(斜视类型)或屈光不正(屈光参差类型)。不规则的视觉输入导致了大脑在发展过程中会忽视弱视眼睛所采集的信息。照惯例，眼科医生对不同类型的弱视的治疗方法相似，主要是因为视觉障碍形成的过程看上去一样。
In this study lead researcher, Amy Chow, and her colleagues asked patients to pay attention to a specific set of dots among a group of distracting dots, all moving on a computer screen. However, the tracked dots were only visible in one eye (the weaker eye) while the distracting dots were visible only to the other eye (the stronger eye).
在研究过程中，电脑屏幕上显示很多来回移动点，首席研究员Amy Chow和她的同事让患者将注意力集中在其中一组特定的点上，然而，需要注意的点只在视力较弱的一只眼睛中可见，而其它的点则在视力较强的一只眼中可见。
For people with normal vision as well as those with anisometropic amblyopia, showing different images between the two eyes didn't matter. Both groups were able to overcome the distracting interference and track the dots successfully. Patients with strabismic amblyopia, on the other hand, were unable to direct their attention to the target dots when they were visible to only the weaker eye.
对于视力正常的人和患有屈光参差性弱视的人，在使用双眼时看不同的图像并没有问题，两组人都能够克服干扰，成功的关注特定的点。而当弱视患者只用较弱的眼睛观看时，他们则不能将注意力集中在特定的点上。
"One of the underlying reasons why some people with lazy eye have poor vision comes down to how the brain suppresses an eye," said Chow, a Ph.D. student at the School of Optometry and Vision Science at Waterloo. "The poorer-seeing eye is open, the retina is healthy and sending information through to the brain, yet that information does not reach conscious awareness as the brain chooses not to use it."
“患上弱视的一个根本原因归结于大脑抑制眼睛的方式，当视力较差的那只眼睁开时，视网膜是健康的并且会向大脑传送信息，但是这部分信息并没有形成意识知觉，因此大脑并不会采纳。”Chow博士说到。
About thirty-five thousand Canadians—one per cent of the population—have strabismic amblyopia. The condition can be corrected in childhood, but treatment efficacy can be highly variable. These findings are a stepping stone in developing better treatments of lazy eye.
加拿大大概有1%的人口(约35,000人)为弱视患者，这种问题能够在童年时期进行矫正，但是治疗的效果有很大差异，这些发现是更好的治疗弱视的基石。
Their paper, Dichoptic Attentive Motion Tracking is Biased Toward the Nonamblyopic Eye in Strabismic Amblyopia, appears this month in a special issue of the journal Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science.
相关论文(Dichoptic Attentive Motion Tracking is Biased Toward the Nonamblyopic Eye in Strabismic Amblyopia)发表在《眼科学和视觉科学研究》杂志的特刊上。
