1. They say that she is a movie star. 据说她是个电影明星。
【分析】 they say… = it is said that，表示“据说…的”意思。其中they = people, I heard 也表示相同意思。
2. This is the reason why he became so involved in the suicide case. 他因为这个原因而卷入那个自杀案。
【分析】① This is the reason why=this is…表示“这就是为什么的原因”，“因为这个原因而…”的意思，why是一个关系副词。② This is the way how…=thus，与this is the reason why类似的句型，表示“因此而…”的意思，先行词the way与the reason一样也可以省略。
3. The plane flew higher and higher, till at last it disappeared from my sight. 飞机飞得越来越高，并终于从我的视线中消失。
【分析】…, till (will) at last…=…, and at last…，表示“…终于…”的意思。一般来说，在till的前面，通常会有逗号将其分开。
4. He grabbed at straws but he could not reach it. 他想抓住救命稻草，但够不着。
【分析】to grab at straws表示的是“抓住救命稻草”，它也可以引用为“(为脱险)求助了任何救急办法”的意思。To grab at straws= to grasp reach for straws.
5. To my great surprise, he played the piano well. 令人感到惊讶的是，他钢琴弹得很棒。
【分析】to one’s surprise=to the surprise of…是表示“令人感到惊讶的是…”的意思。类似的句型有：to one’s joy令人感到高兴的是，to one’s sorrow令人感到悲哀的是，to one’s satisfaction令人感到满意的是，to one’s disappointment令人感到失望的是。
第二步：练习与进步
A. 翻译
1. 据说，人类是生物学上最无法归类的物种，因为人类拥有其他天然物种所缺少的特性。
2. 据说，美国人于1787年制定的“联邦条款”是为当时政府运作提供的一个模式。
3. 这就是为什么他不想接受这个事实的原因。
4. 我因此而辞掉了在那家公司的工作。
5. 他们的言辞争论着，渐渐地，他们变得激动，终于其中有一个做出了鲁莽的行动。
6. 令所有出席的人都感到惊讶的是，这位英雄忽然不见了。
7. 当我刚好六岁半的时候，某个早上，孩子们正在吃早餐时，被告知不准再到处乱跑，当时大家都很惊慌。
8. 像所有政客一要，他说他要为人民做好事，可是我怀疑他是另有个人的打算。
9. 依我看来，你在你妈妈面前表现得太无礼了。
10. 她的新的夜礼服是巴黎时装中最新潮的。
【参考答案】
1. They say that man is the least biologically determined species of all because he possesses features absent in other natural species.
2. I heard that the Americans drew up their “Articles of Confederation” in 1781 in order to provide a working form of government.
3. This is the reason why he did not want to accept the fact.
4. This is the way I resigned from the job in that company.
5. They argued with hot words and gradually they got excited, until at last one of them resorted to reckless measures.
6. To the surprise of all present, the hero was gone.
7. I was just about half-way through my sixth year when one morning at breakfast we children were informed to our utter dismay that we could no longer be permitted to run absolutely wild.
8. Like all politicians, he says he wants to do good for people, but I think he has an axe to grind.
9. From my perspective, I think you behaved rudely before your mom.
10. Her new evening dress is the last word in Paris fashion.
B. 改错
1. It is say that she is a movie star.
2. They tell that there will be a heavy storm tomorrow.
3. This is the way which I saw the results.
4. This is the reason that why she could not receive a normal
school education.
5. After suffering from the hurt, at finally he stood up and
decided to start from the very beginning.
6. He ran faster and faster, till last he reached the destination first.
7. The poor man was simply just reaching into straws when he
took his dying wife to another doctor.
8. She walked fast, till at last she caught up the train on time.
9. To the surprise, the taste was not as he had imagined it.
10. To the joy by his mother, he won first prize.
【参考答案】
1. say―said 2. tell―say 3. which―that 4. 去掉why
5. finally―last 6. till后加at 7. into―at 8. up后加to
9. the―his 10. by―of
第三步：伟人伟招
1. If there were less sympathy in the world, there would be less trouble in the world. (O. Wilde)
如果世界上少一些同情，世界上也就会少一些麻烦。(王尔德)
【点评】“if there were less/more…, there would be less/more….”是一个虚拟语气句型，在四级里面用一下可以给你的文章增色不少。
2. The most exhausting thing in life is being insincere. (A. M. Lindbergh)
生活中最使人筋疲力尽的事是弄虚作假。(林德伯格)
【点评】“the most exhausting / terrible thing is …”句型要掌握。我们再进一步学两个常用的最高级句型：
…the + ~est +n.+ (that) +S.+ have ever + seen (known/heard/had/read, etc)
…the most+ adj. +n.+ (that) +S.+ have ever + seen (known/heard/ had/read, etc)
Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.
海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。
Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.
常老师是我曾经遇到的最仁慈的教师。
3. It is discouraging to think how many people are shocked by honesty and how few by deceit. (N. Coward)
令人沮丧的是，有那么多人对诚实感到吃惊，而对欺骗感到吃惊的人却那么的
少。(科沃德)
【点评】对什么现象和观点不满或者不同意时，可以使用，是加分句型。
第四步：实践与提高
补充练习：将下列句子翻成汉语，注意总结句子结构。
1. Whereas other societies look to the past for guidance, we cast our nets forward.(面向未来)
2. It is the belief in a brighter future that gives us optimism.
3. Even these days, when not all progress seems positive (nuclear weapons, air pollution, unemployment, etc.), the belief remains that for every problem there is a rational solution.
4. The job of parents is to give children every opportunity while they are growing up and then get out of their way.
5. What deference people in authority do command is based on their actual powers rather than on their age, wisdom, or dignity.
