英语四级阅读，作为大学英语能力的重要评估指标，不仅检验了学生对词汇、语法的掌握，更考察了其阅读理解和信息筛选的能力。在全球化背景下，提升这一能力对于拓宽视野、增进跨文化交流至关重要。今天，小编将分享2021年12月大学英语四级阅读真题以及答案（卷二），希望能为大家提供帮助！
Section A
Directions: In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank froma list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefilly before making yourchoices,Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter foreach item onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Youmay not wse any ofthe words in the bank more than once
Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.
It is commonly believed that the great English dramatist and poet William Shakespeare was born in Stratford-on-Avon on April 23,1564.But it is impossible toknow the 26 day on which he was borm.
Church records show he was baptized( 施 洗 礼 )on April 26,and three days was a customary amount of time to wait before baptizing a newly born baby.Shakespeare's date ofdeath is 27 known,however:it was April 23,1616.He was 52 and had retired to Stratford three years before.
Although few plays have been performed or analyzed as extensively as the 38 plays Shakespeare wrote,there are few surviving details about his life.This 28 of biographical information is due primarily to his social 29 ;he was not a noble,but the son of a leather trader.
Shakespeare 30 attended the grammar school in Stratford,where he would have studied Latin and read 31 literature.He did not go to university andat age 18 married Anne Hathaway,who was eight years his 32 .They had four children,including the twins,Hamnet and Judith.Nothing is known ofthe period between the birth of the twins and Shakespeare's 33 asa dramatist in London in the early 1590s.
In amillion wordswritten over 20 years,he 34 the full range of human emotions and conflicts with a 35 that remains sharp today.As his great contemporary the poet and dramatist Ben Jonson said,“He wasnot of an age,but forall time.
A)captured I)precision
B)classical J)probably
C)conclusively K)quality
D)emergence L)scarcity
E)exact M)senior
F)generated N)separated
G)particular O)systematically
H)position
答案解析
26.E)【语义判断】本句意为：但是不可能知道他出生的_____日期。根据下一句可知，教会记录显示，莎士比亚于4月26日受洗，在为新生婴儿施洗之前，通常需要等待三天。因此莎士比亚生于4月23日是人们根据教会受洗记录的推测，而他的确切出生日期无从得知，因此空格处应填入含有“确切的，精确的”意义的形容词，由此确定答案为E)exact。
27.C)【语义判断】本句意为：然而，莎士比亚的死亡日期是_____知道的：1616年4月23日。however 表示转折关系，本句与前面提到的莎士比亚的具体出生日期不明形成对比。也就是说，莎士比亚的死亡日期是准确的，因此空格处应填入含有“确信地，确凿地”意义的副词，由此确定答案为C)conclusively。
28.L)【语义判断】本句意为：传记信息的_____主要 是由于他的社会_____。由前一句可知，关于莎士比亚生活的细节很少留存下来，因此空格处应填入含有“缺少”意义的名词，由此确定答案为 L)scarcity。
29.H)【语义判断】本句意为：传记信息的缺少主要是由于他的社会_____;他不是贵族，而是一个皮革商人的儿子。由分号后面的noble 和 the sonof a leather trader可知，这是两种高低不同的社会地位，因此空格处应填入含有“地位”意义的名词，由此确定答案为H)position。
30.J)【语义判断】本句意为：莎士比亚_____就读于 斯特拉特福的文法学校。由第二段可知，由于社会地位低下，关于莎士比亚生活的细节很少留存下来，因此莎士比亚曾就读于斯特拉特福的文法学校也是人们的推测，并非确凿的信息，因此空格处应填入含有“可能，大概”意义的副词，由此确定答案为J)probably。
31.B)【语义判断】本句意为：在那里他学习拉丁语并阅读_____文学。备选项中能和文学搭配的只有 B)classical,意为“古典文学”,由此确定答案为B)classical。
32.M)【语义判断】本句意为：他没有上大学，18岁时娶了比他_____八岁的安妮·海瑟薇。由句意可知，此处表示安妮·海瑟薇比莎士比亚年长或年 轻八岁。而莎士比亚此时才18岁，所以安妮·海瑟薇应该比莎士比亚年长八岁，由此确定答案为M)senior。
33.D)【语义判断】本句意为：从双胞胎出生到16世纪90年代初莎士比亚在伦敦作为戏剧家_____之间的这个阶段人们一无所知。根据文章大意，人们对莎士比亚在伦敦成名之后的生活细节了解得比较多，而对在此之前的知之甚少，所以这一时期指的是莎士比亚成名之前，因此空格处应填入含有“出现”意义的名词，由此确定答案为D)emergence.
34.A)【语义判断】本句意为：在20多年的时间里，他用一百万字的篇幅_____人类全部的情感和冲突。也就是说，莎士比亚的文字记录或描述了人类的情感和冲突，因此空格处应填入含有“记录，描述”意义的动词，由此确定答案为A)captured。
35.I)【语义判断】本句意为：在20多年的时间里，他用 一百万字的篇幅，以今天仍然敏锐的_____描述了人类全部的情感和冲突。本句是对莎士比亚作品的评价。that remains sharp today 是修饰莎士比亚描述人类的各种情感与冲突的方式，说明他的方式是十分准确的，因此空格处应填入含有“准确”意义的名词，由此确定答案为I)precision。备选的其他名词不能用sharp修饰，因此排除。
Section B
Directions: In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached toit. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.Youmay choose a paragraph more than once.Fach paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 2.
How to not be boring
A)Humans are creatures of habit.We love to establish a routine and stick with it.Then we often put ourselves on auto-pilot.Routines can be incredibly useful in helping youget things done.However,too much of a routine can also make you incredibly boring. Nevertheless,many people live lives that are boringly predictable,or live a life where everything is outlined or planned.
B)To tell the truth,interesting people are more popular among theirfriends.If you don't arouse someone's curiosity or brighten someone's day,you probably come across as being a lttle bit dull.But that doesn't mean your life has ended and you can't do anythingto change it.If you find yourself searching for something to say beyond small talk,try these tactics to find more interesting approaches to conversation.
C)Recently,I was at a gathering of colleagues when someone turned to me and asked, “So,what's new with you?”Ordinarily,I think I'm a good conversationalist.After all, it's literally my job to talk to people and tell their stories or share their advice.And that's not exactly an unexpected question.Still,the only “new-to-me”topics that came to mind were my daughter's basketball tournament(锦标赛)and my feelings about that moming'spolitical headlines-neither amusing nor appropriate topics at that moment.
D)Oh,no,I thought.Have I become boring?But sharing our experiences in an authentic way to connect with other people is what makes us interesting,says associate professor Michael Pirson.The hesitation I felt in not sharing the ordinary things that were happening in my life,and the wild mental search for something more interesting,may have backfired and made me seem less interesting.
E)“If someone is making up some conversationthat might be interesting,it's probably not going to land well,”says Pirson,whose expertise includes trust and well-being, mindfulness,and humanistic management.“It's going to feel like a made-up conversation that people don't necessarily want to tune in to .”
F)The most interesting people aren't those who've gone on some Eat,Pray,Love journey to find themselves.Instead,Pirson says,they're those who examine the ordinary.“Often, the 'boring things'may notbe boring at all.Maybe they are actually little miracles,"he says.Share your observations about the world around you—interesting stories you heard or things you noticed—and you may be surprised by the universal connection they inspire.
G)This is essentially how Jessica Hagy starts herday.The author of How to Be Interesting:An Instruction Manual,Hagy spends a lot of time thinking about what's interesting to her.People who are interesting are persistently curious,she says.
H)Think about the everyday things around you and ask questions about them.What isthat roadside monument I see on my way to work every day?Who built that interesting building in my city?What nearby attractions haven'tI visited?Why do people do things that way?Use what you find to ask more questions and lean more about the world around you.“Having that sort of curiosity is almost like a protective gear from getting into boredom,”she says.And when you find things that are truly interesting to you, share them.
I)Television veteran Audrey Morrissey,executive producer of NBC's The Voice,is always looking for what will make a person or story interesting to viewers:It's usually a matter of individuality.“Having a strong point of view,signature style,or being a super-enthusiast in a particular field makes someone interesting,”she says.That means embracing what is truly interesting or unique about yourself.“Many people are ‘not boring'in the way that they can carry a conversation or can be good at a social gathering,etc.To be interesting means that you have lived life,taken risks,traveled, sought out experience to learn foryourself and sharewith others,“she says.
J)Of course,it's possible to be a fountain of knowledge and a boring person,says public relations consultant AndreaPass.Paying attention to the listener is an important part of having a conversation that's interesting to both parties.Talking on and on about what's interesting to you isn't going to make you an interesting person,she says.
K)“If the listener is not paying attention,it's your sign to shorten the story or change direction.Make sure to bringthe audience into the conversation so that it is not one-sided,”Pass says.Be a better listener yourself,and give others opportunities to participate in the conversation by inviting them with questions or requests to share their own experiences or thoughts.(e.g.,“Now,tell me about your favorite book,”or“Have you ever been to thatattraction?”)Questions are a powerful tool,especially when they encourage others to disclose information about themselves.A 2012 study from the University of California,Santa Barbara,found that roughly 40% of the time we are talking,we're disclosing subjective information about our experience.And when we're doing so,our brains are more engaged.So one strategy to leave others with the impression that you're asparkling conversation partner is to get others to talk about themselves.
L)Being relatable is also essential,Morissey says.“The best entertainment and storytelling comes from people who are relatable-those who don't shy away from opening up but freely share who they are and what they care about.These are the people viewersmost relate to and find interesting.Being authentic,honest,and vulnerable is alwaysinteresting.”
M)I have now come to realize thatbeing boring,in actuality,is notonly about who youare as a person,but also how you present yourself.No matter what,make sure you are having fun in life.Because when you are enjoying,people around you will begin to enjoy as well.Show some interest in them and they will definitely show some in you. If you are a very reserved person,this could be a little difficult at first.But with a little effort,you can definitely improve.
36.Pirson claims that some ordinary things may often prove to be miraculously interesting.
37.To make a conversation interesting,it is important that you listen to the other party attentively.
38.A person who is unable to stimulate others'curiosity or make their life enjoyable may appear somewhat boring.
39.Interesting people usuallypossess certain unique qualities,according to a TV program producer.
40.Beinterested in others and they are sure to be interested in you.
41.The author considers himself usually good at conducting conversations.
42.Interestingpeople are always full of curiosity.
43.Falling into a routine can turn a person into an utter bore
44.One strategy to be a good conversationalist is to motivate your partner to tell their own stories.
45.Interestingas it mightappear,a made-up conversation will probably turnout tobe dull.
答案解析
36.【定位】由题干中的Pirson、ordinary things和miraculously interesting定位到F)段第三、四句。
F)【精析】同义转述题。定位句提到，皮尔逊认为无 聊的事情可能一点儿也不无聊，而是很小的奇迹。题干中的ordinary things对应原文中的boring things,题干中的 miaculously 对应原文中的miracles,故答案为F)。
37.【定位】由题干中的listen to the other party和 attentively定位到J)段第二句。
J)【精析】同义转述题。定位句提到，要想让谈话双方都感兴趣，关注听者是很重要的一部分。题干中的To make a conversation interesting 对应原文中的having a conversation that's interesting to both parties,题干中的listen to the other party attentivdly对应原文中的Paying attention to the listener,故答案为J)。
38.【定位】由题干中的stimulateothers'curiosity 以及make their life enjoyable定位到B)段第二句。
B)【精析】细节推断题。定位句提到，如果你无法引起别人的好奇心或是点亮别人的生活，你也许会给人留下有点沉闷的印象。题干中的stimulate others'curiosity 对应原文中的arouse somcone's curiosity,题干中的make their life enjoyable对应 原文中的brighten someone'sday,故答案为B)。
39.【定位】由题干中的certain unique qualities和 a TV program producer定位到I)段第二句。
I)【精析】细节归纳题。定位句提到， 一位电视节目 制作人认为一个有趣的人会有一个强烈的观点、 标志性的风格，或对某一特定领域充满热情。题干中的a TV program producer对应原文中的she, 也就是前文中提到的Television veteran Audrey Morrissey,executive producer of NBCs The Voice,题干中的certain unique qualities对应原文中的individuality以及下一句中的具体解释：Having a strong point of view,signature style,or being a super-enthusiastin a particular field,故答案为I)。
40.【定位】由题干中的Be interested in others以及they are sure to be interested in you定位到M)段第四句。
M)【精析】同义转述题。定位句提到，对他人表现出 一些兴趣，他们也一定会向你表现出一些兴趣。题干中的Be interested in others对应原文中的 Show some interest in them,题干中的they are sure to be interested in you 对应原文中的they will definitely show some in you,故答案为M)。
41.【定位】由题干中的The author、himself、usually 和 good atconducting conversations定位到C) 段第二句。
C)【精析】细节推断题。定位句提到，作者认为自己是一个很健谈的人。题干中的The author和 himself对应原文中的I,题干中的usually对应原文中的Ordinarily, 题干中的good at conducting conversations 对应原文中的a good conversationalist,故答案为C)。
42.【定位】由题干中的Interesting people,always 和 full of curiosity定位到G)段最后一句。
G)【精析】同义转述题。定位句提到，有趣的人总是 充满好奇心。题干中的Interesting people对应原文中的People whoare interesting,题干中的always对应原文中的persistently,题干中的full of curiosity对应原文中的curious,故答案为G)。
43.【定位】由题干中的Falling into aroutine和 an utter bore定位到A)段第五句。
A)【精析】同义转述题。定位句提到，过于墨守成规会让人变得异常无聊。题干中的 Falling into a routine对应原文中的too much of a routine,题干中的 an utterbore 对应原文中的 make you incredibly boring,故答案为A)。
44.【定位】由题干中的One strategy 、a good conversationalist 和motivate your partner to tell their own stories定位到K)段最后一句。
K)【精析】同义转述题。定位句提到，要想给别人留下一种印象，让别人觉得你是一个出色的谈话伙伴， 一个策略就是让别人谈论他们自己。题干中的a good conversationalist对应原文中的you're a sparkling conversation partner,题干中的 motivate your partner to tell their ownstories对应原文中的get others to talk about themselves,故答案为K)。
45.【定位】由题干中的Interesting as it might appear、a made-up conversation和dull定位到E)段第一句。
E)【精析】同义转述题。定位句提到，如果有人正在编造一些也许比较有趣的对话，不一定会有很好的结果。题干中的Interesting as it might appear对应原文中的might be interesting,题干中的a made-up conversation 对应原文中的making up some conversation,题干中的dull 对应原文中的not goingtolandwell,故答案为E)。
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or wnfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices markedA),B),C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage
With obesity now affecting 29%of the population inEngland,and expected to rise to 35% by 2030,should we now recognise it as a disease?Obesity,in which excess body fat has accumulated to such an extent that health may be adversely affected,meets the dictionary definition of disease,argues Professor John Wilding.He points out that more than 200 genes influence weight.“Thus body weight is strongly influencedby biology-it is not an individual's fault if they develop obesity.”Yet the widespread view is that obesity is self-induced and that it is entirely the individual's responsibility to do something about it. Recognising obesity as a chronic disease with severe complications rather than a lifestyle choice “should help reduce the stigma( 耻 辱 )and discrimination experienced by many people with obesity,"he adds.
Professor Wilding disagrees that labelling a high proportion of the population as having a disease removes personal responsibility or may overwhelm health services, pointing out that other common diseases,such as high blood pressure and diabetes,require people to take action to manage their condiion.He suggests that most people with obesity will eventually develop complications.“But unless we accept that obesity is a disease,we are not going to be ableto tackle it,"he concludes.
But Dr.Richard Pile,a physician with a special interest in diabetes,argues that adopting this approach“could actually result in worse outcomes for individuals and society.”Hebelieves that the dictionary definition of disease “is so vague that we can classify almost anything asa disease”and says the question isnot whether we can,but whether we should,and to what end.
If labelling obesity as a disease was harmless then it wouldn't really matter,he writes.But labelling obesity as a disease “risks reducing autonomy,disempowering and robbing people of the intrinsic(内在的)motivation that is such an important enabler of change.” What's more,making obesity a disease“may not benefit patients,but it will benefit healthcare providers and the pharmaceutical(制药的)industry when health insurance and clinical guidelines promote treatment with drugs and surgery,"he warns.
46.What does Professor John Wilding argueabout obesity?
A)Its impact onsociety is expected to rise.
B)It is now too widespread to be neglected.
C)It should be regarded as a geneticdisease.
D)Its dictionary definition should be updated
47.What is thepopularview of obesity?
A)Itis difficultto define.
B)Itis a modern disease.
C)It has much to do with one's genes.
D)It results from a lack of self-control.
48.Why are some people opposed to labelling obesity as a disease?
A)Obesepeoplewould not feel responsible to take anyaction.
B)Obese people would notbe able to afford the medical costs.
C)Obese people would beoverwhelmed with anxiety.
D)Obese peoplewould be discriminated against.
49.What does Dr.Richard Pile think of thedictionarydefinition of disease?
A)Itisofno use in understandingobesity.
B)It istoo inclusive and thus lacks clarity
C)Ithelps littleto solve patients'problems.
D)Itmatters littleto the debate overobesity.
50.What is Dr.Richard Pile's concem about cassifying obesity asa disease?
A)It may affect obese people's quality of life
B)It may accelerate the spread of obesity
C)It may causea shortage of doctors.
D)It may do little good to patients.
答案解析
46.【定位】由题干中Professor John Wilding定位至第一段第二、三句。
C)【精析】细节辨认题。定位句提到，约翰·怀尔丁教授认为肥胖符合字典对疾病的定义。他指出，有200多个基因影响体重。由此可知，肥胖是一种受基因影响的疾病，故答案为C)。
47.【定位】由题干中the popular view of obesity定 位至第一段第五句。
D)【精析】细节辨认题。定位句提到，普遍的观点是， 肥胖是自己造成的，对此做些什么完全是个人的责任。由此可知，人们普遍认为肥胖是个人因素，是由于缺乏自控力导致的，故答案为D)。
48.【定位】由题干中labelling obesityas a disease定位至第二段第一句。
A)【精析】细节辨认题。定位句提到，将较高比例的人口贴上患病的标签会使个人责任消失，或者可能使医疗服务不堪重负，怀尔丁教授不同意这一观点。反过来说，人们反对将肥胖列为疾病，就是认为这样做的话会让肥胖者认为自己没有责任，不需采取任何行动，故答案为A)。
49.【定位】由题干中Dr.Richard Pile和the dictionary definition of disease定位至第三段第二句。
B)【精析】细节辨认题。定位句提到，理查德·派尔医生认为，字典上对疾病的定义“如此模糊，以至于我们几乎可以将任何事物归类为疾病”。也就是说，疾病的定义范围太大，缺乏清晰度。因此本题答案为B)。
50.【定位】由题干中Dr.Richard Pile's concern 和obesity as a disease定位至第四段第三句。
D)【精析】细节辨认题。定位句提到，理查德·派尔医生警告说，将肥胖看作一种疾病可能不会给患者带来好处，因此确定答案为D)。
PassageTwo
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Nationwide,only about three percent of early childhood teachers are male in the U.S. Experts say this can have an impact on young children whose understanding of gender roles and identity are rapidly forming.Research has found that having access to diverse teachers is beneficial for children.For the youngest learners,it means they are more likely to get exposed to different varieties of play and communication.It also helps them develop healthy ideas around gender.
“In our world and our society,we have very specific stereotypes(模式化形象)of gender roles,”said Mindi Reich-Shapiro,an assistant professor in the teacher education department of the Borough of Manhattan Community College,and one of the authors of a recent study.“It's important for children to see other possibilities and other paths they can take.”
Despite mostly feeling supported by colleagues and family members,many of the male educators surveyed in the study reported facing social or cultural resistance in their careers as early education teachers.Some also reported that there were parentssurprised or concerned that their child had a male teacher.And they had been advised by colleagues or other staff not to hug children.
Reich-Shapiro and fellow researchers made several recommendations to increase male representation in the field.Low pay has long been acknowledged as a major issue in the early childhood field.Over 70% of male educators whosaid they intended to stay in the early education workforce noted an increased salary was a major motivating factor for them to commit to the career long-term.The report suggests paying all early childhood educators the wayelementary school teachers are paid.
Cities and programs should establish support groups for male early childhood educators and provide mentoring and professional development advice for male educators and their program leaders.
The authors also suggest that traditional recruitment approaches for early childhood educators “do not address the gender gap in the field.”They recommend providing young men opportunities to work with children through training and volunteer programs,targeting groups of men who are considering a career change,such as fathers.
51.What do we learn from the first paragraph about early childhood education in the U.S.?
A)It helps raise children's awareness of gender roles.
B)It exposes children to different ways of interaction.
C)It is negatively impacted by a lack of male teachers.
D)It clearly aims to form children's identity through play
52.What does Mindi Reich-Shapiro emphasize in her comment on childhood education?
A)The importance of broadening children's horizons.
B)The responsibilities of fathers forchildren's growth
C)The urgency of creating teachereducation programs.
D)The roleof teachers in motivating children tolearn
53.What do we learn about male teachers fromtheir responses in the study?
A)Some of them find it awkward when hugging children.
B)They feel pressured to keep up with female colleagues.
C)They find it hardto meet the expectations of kids'parents.
D)Many of them feel prejudiced against socially and culturally.
54.What is needed for men to commit to early childhood education?
A)Higher pay.
B)Job security.
C)Social recognition.
D)Better working conditions.
55.What do the authors of the study recommend to bridge the gender gap in early childhood education?
A)Recruiting young men whohave a passion for education young children.
B)Taking measures to attract prospective male teachers to work in the field.
C)Persuading prospective fathers to consider achange in their career.
D)Providing male teacherswith more opportunities for advancement.
答案解析
51.【定位】由题干中the first paragraph定位至第一段。
C)【精析】推理判断题。定位段提到，在整个美国范围内，只有大约3%的幼儿教师是男性。专家表示，这可能会对儿童产生影响，他们对性别角色和 身份的理解正在迅速形成。研究发现，接触不同类型的老师对孩子是有益的。由此可知，男性幼儿教师的缺乏会对儿童产生不利的影响，因此确定答案为C)。
52.【定位】由题干中Mindi Reich-Shapio定位至第二段第二句。
A)【精析】细节辨认题。定位句提到，让孩子们看到 其他的可能性和他们可以选择的其他道路是很重要的。也就是说，拓宽孩子的视野是十分重要的， 因此确定答案为A)。
53.【定位】由题干中male teachers from their responsesinthe study定位至第三段第一句。
D)【精析】细节辨认题。定位句提到，尽管很大程度 上感觉得到了同事和家人的支持，许多接受该研究调查的男性教育工作者表示，作为早教教师，他们在职业生涯中面临着社会或文化阻力。也就是说，男性幼儿教师经历着社会和文化的偏见，因此 本题答案为D)。
54.【定位】由题干中for men to commit to carly childhood education定位至第四段第三句。
A)【精析】细节辨认题。定位句提到，在打算留在早教工作者队伍中的男性教育工作者中，超过70%的人表示，加薪是激励他们长期从事这一职业的主要因素。由此可以确定anincreased salary是关键词，因此本题答案为A)。
55.【定位】由题干中recommend to bridge the gender gap定位至第六段。
B)【精析】推理判断题。第六段首句指出，传统的幼儿教育工作者招聘方法不能解决该领域的性别差距。第二句提供了解决方法，即通过培训和志愿者项目为年轻男性提供与孩子一起工作的机会，目标人群是那些考虑跳槽的男性群体，比如爸爸们。由此可知，该研究的作者建议吸引潜在的男老师来从事幼教工作，因此本题答案为B)。
