2022年12月大学英语六级考试听力真题及答案（一）

Section A

Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

M:How's your dissertation going?I'm proofreading my fist draf and will submit it to my professor tomorrow.

W:Oh,(1)I haven't even started writing mine yet,so I'm really worried about finishing by the end of next semester.

M:You mean you haven't even begun yours yet?The final draft is due in five months.

W:Of course I've started it,but I can't get to the writing yet as I haven't found enough resources to use,so I'm still researching the topic.

M:Maybe the problem is the way you're doing your research.(2)I started by talking to my professor about where to look for information.And based on that,I found books in the library and a lot of reputabl journal articles on the Internet.

W:I've tried all that,but don't have enough to write the dissertation as my department'sminimum length is 70 pages.I think the problem is that my topicisn't viable.(3)And honestly,my professor did warn me at the beginning that I mightnot be able to find enough material. But I was so interested in the topic that I didn't let his advice to turn me.

M:Well,I suggest you find a newtopic.After all,our professors are here to guide us,so it's best to listen to them.

W:In retrospect,I wish I had listened to him,but I didn't.Andnow I don't want to give up my topic as I've already invested so much time and energy.

M:If you're committed to your current topic,maybe you couldmake some adjustments rather than abandon it completely.What is your topic?

W:It's“Depictionsof Femininity and Folklore from the South of the Country”.

M:That's pretty narrow.You could find more material if you made the topic broader,maybe by including other kinds of depictions.

W:(4)Broadening the topic is a great idea.I'll start by including folklore from other regions of the country.

1.What does the woman say about her dissertation?  

2.What does the man say about his professor?  

3.What docs the woman say about her professor? 

4.What do we learn the woman will do to complete her dissertation?

Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

W:Today,on Book Talk,we arelucky enough to host John Robbinsand discuss his newbook,Why Americans Are Fat and How We Can Lose Weight.(5-1)John isn't just a respected writer;he's also one of the rare celebrity authors writing about science today.

M:Thanks for having me,Rebecca,but I'm hardly a celebrity.

W:That's very modest of you to say,(5-2)considering that your four books have sold a total of seven million copies worldwide,and they've been translated into 12 different languages.What makes people so fascinated with your work?

M:(6)Well,people read my books because more than 60% of Americans are overweight or obese.And other countries are facing similar problems.Basically,we all want to know how to fix things.

W:We certainly do.I've read your new book and it's fabulous,especially when it comes to the way you make difficult science easy for laymen to understand.That's no small achievement.

M:I'm glad to hear you find my work accesible,because I was woried when I wrote it that dicussing the science might make the book more suited for a specialist audience.(7)My last book was written primarily for the medical community.Butthis time,I want tohelp ordinary people take control of their weight.

W:And how do you suggest they do that?Can you give us the basics of your advice for people who want to lose weight?

M:Briefly,(8)I argue that every person needs toconsider their metabolism and eat what suits their body's needs.I don't advocate one single diet.Some people should eat more carbohydrates than others.And different people need different amounts of protein and fat.

W:But you do have some recommendations for everyone,includingeating ten servings of vegetables and three of fruit a day.We'll talk about those recommendations next,but now we need to take a short break for a message from our sponsor.

5.What does the woman say about the man in her introduction?

6.What has motivated the man to write his books?

7.Who does the man say his last book was mainly written for?

8.What does the man recommend people do?

Section B

Questions 9 to 11 are basedon the passage you have just heard.

Stress is often depicted as negative,but research shows that moderate amounts of it can be beneficial for your brain and your body.

First,the benefits for the brain.Studies have shown that short periods of stress can actually bolster cognitive functioning.(9)Rescarchers discovered that placing rats in a stresful situation for just a few hours doubled the growth of new brain cells.The rats also did better on a memory test later on.Scientists think the same thing happens in humans.But how does stres improve memory?It's simple.When your brain cells multiply,your memory can improve.Viewed from a biological perspective,this makes sense,(10)because animals that are better at remembering dangerous situations can avoid them in the future.If an anima encounters a predator and escapes,for example,it's important to remember where and when that encounter happened.Experts assert that the same principle applies to humans.

Now,let's turn to how stress benefis the body.This may come as a surprise to laymen.But expertssay that stresscan keep you from getting sick.(11)Scientists concede that chronic stress can make you more prone to illness.But research shows that short periods of stres can actually provide some protection against getting sick,because it increases your immune functioning.One study shows that rats that experienced brief stress had a surge of immune cell esponse,which makes the immunesystem better prepared to fightiless.For humans,there's even evidence that experiencing stress before geting vaccinated could help make vaccines more effective.

9.What did researchers discover about rats placed briefly in a stressful situation?  

10.Why do people tend to have clear memories of dangerous situations they have encountered?

11.What do scientists believe chronic stress can do?

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.

(12)For many managers and people who work in leadership positions,dealing with emails is a dilemma.It's likely the unpredictable,uncontrollable and ongoing nature of day-to-day email in terms of yolume,importance and urgency contributes to their levels of anxiety and to diminished leadership skills. That's becaus it's not unusual for many leaders to prioritize email management over people management.An obsesson with managing their inbox prevents them from dealing with their employes.(13)As a result,they ignore the issues that might only be mild problems at first,until unfortunately,theyinevitably transform into a major problem or crisis by virtue of neglect.(14)As leaders,they are expected to motivate and inspire their team in pursuit of longer term strategic goals and also,less ambitiously but more practically,to monitor their daily output,to set clear expectations,and to give regular feedback.When presented with a choice between the appeal of their inbox and other more important activities,many sacrifice the latter.Daily email demands have a negative impacton their goal progress.This is because leaders must divert resourcesfrom other tasks to check,filter and respond to emails.(15)The solution  is cultivating self-control which is like a muscle—it can be strengthened or improved over time through exercise.Some suggestions include making space in your diary for the only periods during which you'll be checking emails,setting a timer for yourself so you don't become distracted by your inbox for toolong,turning off email alerts so you're not interrupted by them.

12.What does the speaker say is a common problem with managers?

13.What may happen when managers ignore minor problems?

14.What are leaders expected to do in pursuing their strategic goals?

15.How can a managerbest avoid being distracted by email?

Section C

Questions 16 to 18 are bascd on the recording you have just heard.

In last week'slecture,wetalked about the problem scausedby pooreating habits,focusing on how medical professionals are trying to solve these problems.Today,well continue with the topic,but focus on research from a different field—marketing.

Now,what can marketing tell us about improving nutrition?Well,(16)a team of marketing professors has studied the importance of the visual aspect of food and how that influences food choices.

Those marketing experts assert that the impact of the appearance of fod is greater than we might presume,and might hold the key to encouraging better cating.So how important is the appearance of food?

Rescarch shows that just seeing an appealing photograph of a hamburger in an advertisement,for example,can cause individuals to imagine the taste or smell of that hamburger.This can make them more likely to purchase and consume it.Of course,that's the point of advertisements.So isn't that a god thing?

Well,the marketing professors argue that this is actually a problem,because the combination of pleasing aesthetics of and easy aces to unhealthy foods,such as hamburgers and pizza,may be contributing to a worldwide health crisis.In fact,statistics show that 39%o f all adults in the world weigh too much and another 13% are obese.

(17) Now,as we discussed last time,medical professionals have tried to fight the obesity epidemic by focusing on the nutrients found in different foods,emphasizing things like carbohydrate,fat,sugar and calorie content.But they've had limited success.

The marketing professors believe that the real solution to obesity is making food look appealingand focusing on the pleasure of both oking atand eating that food.That pleasure can be used as a tool to promote healthy food choices.In fact,the research done by the team showed that associating healthy food with pleasant images,experiences and emotionsled togreater interest in purchasingor eating it.“This is a better strategy,” they claim,then reminding consumers that a certain food is good for them.But are they right?

Well,the researchers cited a marketing campaign designed to reverse the salesdecline of carrots.The campaign didn't emphasize the carots'healthy qualities,but embrace their beauty and the pleasure derived from eating them.For example,theads focused on the bright,beautifulorange color andcrisp texture of the carrots.The campaign led to an inpressive increase in product salesof more than 10%.(18)The researchers believe that other companies could bolster sales of healthy foods with similar ads,depicting their products as attractive and a source of pleasure.

16.What does the speaker say a team of marketing professors has studied?

17.How have medical professionals tried to fight obesity?

18.What can other companies learn from the cxample of the carrot promotion campaign?

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.

The house hold cleaning products industry really began to take off in the 1950s.Prior to that resourceful housewives,who had grown up in a less prosperous era,relied on substances that they used in their kitchens such as vinegar used to clean windows.Today,the house hold cleaning products industry is worth bllions of dollarsa  year and is dominated by large global companies.

(19)In recent years,however,many countries have witnessed a surge in the number of small businesses and companies offering more environment-friendly cleaning products,and they're doing good business,too.One reason for this is that consumers are becoming more aware of environment and sustainability isucs.They also want to make their home a safe place,free from toxic chemicals.The third reason is people's awareness of a knowledge about technology has never been greater.(20)In the past,people might have been skeptical of a new product claimed to be able to achieve amazing cleaning results,but they now have faith in technology's ability to do  what was once thought impossible. There is perhaps no better example of this than a patented cloth sold by one company,which remarkably uses only water rather than traditional cleaning products.The company claims its cloth lifts,traps and removes dirt and bacteria.And considering that people don't see these products in shops,or advertised on TV or in the pres,it has been a pretty steep rise.Many of the people behind these companies  began testing the viability of their products by selling them at local markets.Then,in many cases,(21)customers are doing the marketing for these products by leaving threads of comments on social media,praising their virtues. There are also TV shows and books dedicated to maintaining home tidiness and cleanliness and the benefits of having a clean home.Having a safe and clean home might be one thing people feel they can control in an increasingly out-of-control world.And there are social media celebrities.One womanin Britain has become a social media sensation with more than two million followers for her cleaning tips page.

19.What does the speaker say about the cleaning products industry in recent years?

20.Why are newly developed cleaning products selling well?

21.What are some customers doing to help promote non-traditional cleaning products?

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.

Throwing spare change into a fountain is a time-honored ritual:throw a penny into the water,and your wish  might come true.But all that money has to go somewhere,(22)Otherwise,the growing piles of pennics,quarters and euros could clog up the fountain's works.Today,I'm going to talk about where all the coins go.

Well,the coins collected can go to all sorts of different places from fountain maintenance to charity or public service.(23)In New York City,for example,coins collected from fountains in public parks often go towards the fountains'maintenance itself,though entrepreneurs who don't mind getting their hands wet often get to it first.There are over 50 beautiful,decorative display fountains in New York City parks.They are cleaned by the parks'staff every few weeks.But most of the coins have already been removed by entrepreneurial New Yorkers and there is not a significant amount left to be collected.

Other citics,though,can pull in a much more serious haul.Take for example,Rome's famous Trevi fountain:forhundreds ofyears,visitorshave thrown coinsover their shoulder into the fountain to ensure that they will return.So many tourists toss in coins that Roman officals have the fountain cleaned every night reportedly gettingas much as $4,000 in loose change from around the world each day.(24)Most of the money collected each night goes towards running a supermarket for the needy.And collecting that cash is serious business.Roman officials have been known to be tough on anyone caught skimming coins from the fountain.In one case in 2005,police arested four fountain cleaners after they were spotted slipping coins into their own pockets after collecting them.(25)Authorities finall caught one notorious thief named Thomas Morgan and banned him from the fountain after he fished out thousands of dollars in change over 34 years using a magnetic stick.

For the most part,money collected from privately-owned fountains in the United States also goes to charity.The fountain in New York City's Bryant Park is owned and operated by a not-for-profit corporation which puts the cash collected by cleaners towards the fountain's own maintenance.Tens of thousands of dollars in coins removed from wishing wells,fountains and ponds in Florida's WaltDisney World are donated each year tosupport foster children living in the state.Whether or not your wish comes true after tossing a coin into a fountain,you can rest assured knowing that the change is likely going to someone who needs it.

22.What problem might be caused by the growing piles of coins in fountains?

23.What does the speaker say about the coins collected from New York City's park fountains?

24.What do we learn about the money collected from Rome's Trevi Fountain?

25.What does the speaker say about Thomas Morgan?

1.A)【精析】细节辨认题。对话一开始，男士询问女士的论文进度，女士在句(1)中回答说她还没开始写。因此答案为A)。

2.B)【精析】细节辨认题。句(2)中男士提到，他在开始写论文之前先和教授讨论了去哪里找资料的问题。基于这个讨论，他在图书馆找到了参考书，并在网上找到了大量知名期刊文章。因此答案为B)。

3.A)【精析】细节辨认题。女士认为自己无法开始写论文是因为自己的题目不可行。根据句(3)可知，她的教授确实在一开始的时候提醒她可能会找不到足够的资料。因此答案为A)。

4.D)【精析】细节推断题。男士认为女士的论文题目太过狭窄，如果将题目扩大可能会找到更多资料。根据句(4)可知，女士认为扩大题目是个好主意，她会将对其他地区的民间传说的描述囊括进来。由此可知，女士会听从男士的建议。因此答案为D)。

5.C)【精析】细节推断题。句(5-1)中女士介绍说，约翰不仅是一位受人尊敬的作家，还是当今为数不多的撰写科学类文书的名人作家之一。根据句(5-2)可知，男士的4部著作在全球总共售出了700万册，并被翻译成12种不同的语言。由此可知，男士的著作畅销全世界。因此答案为C)。

6.C)【精析】细节推断题。女士问男士是什么让人们对他的书作如此着迷。男士在句(6)中回答，人们读他的书是因为超过60%的美国人超重或肥胖，其他国家也面临类似的问题。总的来说，大家都想知道如何解决问题。也就是说，超过一半美国人都超重的事实让人们都想知道如何解决这个问题，这也就驱动了男士去写相关的书。因此答案为C)。

7.D)【精析】细节辨认题。男士在句(7)中明确提到，他的上一部书主要是为医学界写的。因此答案为D)。

8.B)【精析】细节推断题。句(8)中男士提到，他认为每个人都需要考虑自己的新陈代谢，吃适合自己身体需求的东西。他不提倡单一饮食。有些人应该比其他人摄入更多的碳水化合物。不同的人对蛋白质和脂肪的需求量不同。也就是说，男士建议人们遵循个性化饮食。因此答案为B)。

9.B)【精析】细节辨认题。句(9)中提到，研究人员发现，将老鼠置于压力状态下几个小时就会使它们新的脑细胞的生长翻倍。因此答案为B)。

10.A)【精析】细节推断题。句(10)中提到，更善于记住危险情况的动物将来可以避开这些危险。例如如果动物遇到捕食者并逃脱，记住这种遭遇发生的地点和时间是很重要的。专家断言，同样的原理也适用于人类。由此可知，人们对他们曾遇到过的危险情况有清晰的记忆是为了将来避开它们。因此答案为A)。

11.C)【精析】细节辨认题。句(11)中明确提到，科学家承认，长期的压力会让人更容易生病。因此答案为C)。

12.D)【精析】细节辨认题。句(12)中提到，对于许多管理者和担任领导职务的人来说，处理电子邮件让人左右为难。就数量、重要性和紧迫性而言，日常电子邮件的不可预测性、不可控制性和持续性可能导致他们的焦虑程度上升以及领导能力下降。因此答案为D)。

13.D)【精析】细节推断题。根据句(13)可知，管理者们忽略了起初可能只是小问题的事情，直到这些事情不幸由于疏忽而不可避免地变成了重大问题或危机。也就是说，忽视小问题可能会导致重大问题。因此答案为D)。

14.B)【精析】细节辨认题。句(14)中提到，作为领导者，他们应该激励自己的团队去追求长期战略目标，应该少些雄心而更实际地监控团队的日常产出、设定明确的预期并定期提供反馈。因此答案为B)。

15.A)【精析】细节辨认题。短文中提到，领导者必须从其他任务中转移资源来查看、过滤和回复电子邮件。根据句(15)可知，这一问题的解决方法是培养自制力，就像肌肉一样——随着时间的推移，肌肉可以通过锻炼得到加强或改善。因此答案为A)。

16.D)【精析】细节辨认题。句(16)中提到，一个营销教授团队研究了食物视觉方面的重要性以及它如何影响食物选择。因此答案为D)。

17.A)【精析】细节辨认题。根据句(17)可知，医疗专业人员试图通过关注不同食物中的营养成分和强调碳水化合物、脂肪、糖和卡路里等的含量来对抗肥胖流行病。因此答案为A)。

18.B)【精析】细节辨认题。讲座中提到了一个通过强调胡萝卜的外观和口感而成功将胡萝卜的销售量提高的案例。句(18)中讲话者提到，研究人员认为其他公司可以通过类似的广告来增加健康食品的销量，将他们的产品描述为有吸引力和快乐的源泉。因此答案为B)。

19.C)【精析】细节辨认题。句(19)中提到，近年来，许多国家提供更多环保清洁产品的小公司的数量激增，而且他们的生意也做得很好。因此答案为C)。

20.A)【精析】细节推断题。根据句(20)可知，过去，人们可能会对声称能够达到惊人的清洁效果的新产品持怀疑态度，但他们现在相信技术有能力完成曾经被认为不可能的事情。也就是说，消费者现在对技术有了更多的了解，所以新兴清洁产品会畅销。因此答案为A)。

21.B)【精析】细节辨认题。根据句(21)可知，顾客通过在社交媒体上留言(称赞它们的优点)来为这些产品进行营销。因此答案为B)。

22.B)【精析】细节推断题。讲座开头提到，将零钱扔进喷泉是一种历史悠久的仪式：把一便士扔进水里，你的愿望可能会实现。但这些钱都得去往别处。根据句(22)可知，否则的话，越来越多的便士、美分和欧元可能会堵塞喷泉装置。因此答案为B)。

23.C)【精析】细节辨认题。句(23)中明确提到，在纽约市，从公园里的喷泉中收集的硬币通常用于喷泉的维护。因此答案为C)。

24.C)【精析】细节辨认题。讲座中提到，数百年来都有游客把硬币扔进罗马著名的特雷维喷泉，罗马官员要求每晚都要清理喷泉，据报道，每天都会收集到高达4000美元的世界各地的零钱。根据句(24)可知，每天晚上收集到的大部分钱都用于一家为有需要的人经营的超市。因此答案为C)。

25.D)【精析】细节辨认题。句(25)中提到，当局最终抓住了一个名叫托马斯·摩根的臭名昭著的小偷，并禁止他进入喷泉，因为他用一根磁力棒在至少34年的时间里从喷泉中捞出了数千美元的零钱。因此答案为D)。