2020年12月大学英语六级考试听力真题及答案（二）
- 听力真题
- 听力原文
- 参考答案
英语六级真题的听力部分，作为衡量学生英语实际应用能力的重要标尺，涵盖了短对话、长对话及短文理解三大板块，这些题型着重考察考生捕捉关键信息并深入理解语境的能力。因此，深入掌握并熟练运用真题听力材料，对于提升六级考试成绩具有举足轻重的意义。此次，我们精心整理了2020年12月大学英语六级真题听力部分（卷二）的详细内容及答案解析，旨在为广大考生提供宝贵的备考资源与参考！
Section A
Directions:In this section,you will hear too long conversations.At the end of each contersation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spohen only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D)Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
1.A)A driving test.
B)A video game.
C)Traffic routes.
D)Cargo logistics.
2.A)He found it instructive and realistic.
B)He bought it when touring Europe.
C)He was really drawn to its other versions.
D)He introduced it to his brother last year
3.A)Traveling all over the country.
B)Driving from one city to another.
C)The details in the driving simulator.
D)The key role of the logistics industry.
4.A)Clearc road signs
B)More people driving safely
C)Stricter traffic rules.
D)More self-driving trucks on the road.
Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
5.A)It isn't so enjoyable as he expected.
B)It isn't so motivating as he believed.
C)It doesn't enable him to eam as much money as he used to.
D)It doesn't seem to offer as much fieedom as he anticipated.
6.A)Not all of them care about their employees'behaviors.
B)Few of them are aware of their employees'feelings.
C)Few of them offer praise and reward to their employees.
D)Not all of them know how to motivate their employees.
7.A)Job satisfaction.
B)Self-awareness.
C)Autonomy
D)Money.
8.A)The importance of cultivating close relationships with clients.
B)The need for gettingrecommendations from their managers.
C)Theadvantages of permanent full-time employment.
D)The way to explore employees'interests and talents.
Section B
Directions: Inthis section,you will hear two passages.At the end of each passage,you toill hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 woith a single line through the centre.
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage youhave just heard.
9.A)Consumers visualize their activities in different weather.
B)Good weather triggers consumers'desireto go shopping.
C)Weather conditions influence consumers'buying behavior.
D)Consumers'mental states change with the prices of goods.
10.A)Active consumption.
B)Direct correlation.
C)Individual association.
D)Mental visualization.
11.A)Enabling them to simplify their mathematical formulas.
B)Helping themdetermine whatto sell and at what price.
C)Enabling them to sell their products at a higher price.
D)Helping them advertise a greater variety of products.
Questions 12 to 15 arebased on the passage you have just heard.
12.A)A naturally ventilated office is morecomfortable.
B)A cool office will boost employees'productivity.
C)Office air-conditioning should follow guidebooks.
D)Air-conditioning improves ventilation in the office.
13.A)People in their comfort zone of temperatureare more satisfied with their productivity.
B)People in different countries vary in their tolerance to uncomfortabletemperatures.
C)Twenty-two degrees is the optimal temperature for office workers.
D)There is a range of temperatures for people tofeel comfortable.
14.A)It will have no negative impact on work.
B)It will be immediately noticeable.
C)It will sharply decrease work efficiency.
D)It will cause a lot ofdiscomfort.
15.A)They tend to favor lower temperatures.
B)They suffer from rapid temperature changes.
C)They are not bothered by temperature extremes.
D)They become less sensitive to high temperatures.
Section C
Directions;In this section,you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions.The recordings woill be played only once.Afier you hear a question,you must choose the best answoer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding leter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 arebased on the recording you have just heard.
16.A)It overlooked thepossibility that emotions may be controlled.
B)It ignored the fact that emotions are personal and subjective.
C)It classified emotions simply as either positive or negative.
D)It measured positive and negative emotions independently.
17.A)Sitting alone without doing anything seemed really distressing.
B)Solitude adversely affectedtheparticipants'mental well-being.
C)Sitingalone for 15 minutes made the participants restless.
D)Solitude had a reductive effect on high-arousal emotions
18.A)It proved hard to depict objectively.
B)It went hand in hand with sadness.
C)It helped increase low-arousal emotions.
D)It tended to intensify negative emotions.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you havejust heard.
19.A)Ituses up much less energy than it does in deep thinking.
B)It remains inactive without burning calories noticeably.
C)It continues to burm up calories to help usstay in shape.
D)It consumes almost a quarter of the body's total energy.
20.A)Much of the consumption has nothing to do with conscious activities.
B)It has something to do with the difficulty of the activities in question.
C)Energy usage devoted to active learning accounts for a big part of it.
D)A significant amount of it is for performing difficult cognitive tasks.
21.A)It is believed to remain basically constant.
B)It is a prerequisite for any mental activity.
C)It is conducive to relieving mentalexhaustion.
D)It is thought to be related to food consumption.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.
22.A)Job candidates rarely take it seriously.
B)Job seekers tend to have a ready answer.
C)Job seekers often feel at a loss where to start in answering it
D)Job candidates canrespond freely due to its open-ended nature.
23.A)Follow their career coaches'guidelines
B)Strive to take control of their narrative.
C)Do their best to impress the interviewer.
D)Repeat the information on their résume.
24.A)To reflect on their past achievements as well as failures.
B)Toproduce examples for different interview questions.
C)To discuss important details they are going to present.
D)Toidentify a broad general strength to elaborate on.
25.A)Getting acquainted with the human resources personnel.
B)Finding out why the company provides the job opening.
C)Figuring out what benefits the company is able to offer them.
D)Tailoring their expectations to the company's long-term goal.
Section A
Conversation One
1-W:This is unbelievable.Unlike any video game I've ever played before,i's so boring,yet so relaxing at the same time.How did you hear about this driving simulator?
2-M:My brother introduced it to me last year.I was surprisedto find how educational and realistic it was. It's called Euro Truck Simulator,but they have other versions as well for America and so on.I was really drawn to the scenery.The routes go through parts of the country you don't normally see as a tourist.
3-W:Yeah,Ican see that.It seems so simple,just transporting cargo from point A to point B,driving from one city to another.But I really appreciate all the details that go into the game.It's even given me a new appreciation for the logistics industry and traffic on the road.
4-M:I completely agree.My brother also introduced me to somevideos of someone that streams their game online.It was fascinating to watch,really.This guy drove very carefully,obeyedall the road signs and traffic rules—such a contrast to most violent games.
5-W:Honestly,playing has inspired me to look into the industry more.I've read articles about how self-driving trucks may soon be available and could greatly impact cargo logistics.Considering all that goes into driving these larger vehicles,it's amazing that we could soon have that kind of technology.
6-M:Ha.I've got one step further.I registered to take a safe driving course to improve my real-life driving skills.In a way,I feel like I have a head start compared to other students in the class. Playingthis video game has given me some maneuvering practices already.
7-W:I'm not surehow accurate the video game is compared to real-life situations.But if it results in more drivers looking both ways before entering an intersection,I'd say that's a positive outcome.
1.What are the speakers mainly talking about?
2.What does the man say about the driving simulator?
3.What does the woman say she really appreciates?
4.What outcome does the woman expect from the driving simulator?
Conversation Two
1-W:How do you like being self-employed?
2-M:There are obvious benefits,though I don't seem to have the freedom I anticipated as I just don' seem able to decline work offers.And working alone,there have been times when I've found that money alone provides insufficient motivation.Have you experienced the same since you began working for yourself?
3-W:Sometimes,yes.Unlike the rest of the workforce who have managers to prompt motivation whenever they're feeling lazy or bored,we self-employed workers perform our jobs without a manager to lift our spirits,There's no one around to offer praise or initiate collaboration,no one to makegreater useof our interests and talents.
4-M:That's a fact,Not every manager behaves with such awareness and care,of course.And certainly not all managers have a clue how to motivate people.Still,having a manager nearby at east indicates there's an opportunity they'll be decent enough to look out for you whenyour energy and focus begin to deplete.
5-W:The motivator I value most is autonomy.I've learned not to sacrifice my prized autonomy by working all hours of the day and by saying yes to every client request,
6-M:Yes.I need to remind myself that I selected this lifestyle for the independence.I don't miss aspects of permanent full-time employment I disliked,such as the office politics,job insecurity,inflexible hours and so on.I wouldn't mind a bit more in the form of praise though,praise which is on the record.
7-W:That'll come with time.Relatedness is inevitably cultivated via human interaction.Engnging with clients,getting written testimony and recommendations,staying in contact with clients afterwards,these are things you'll find will come in due course and provide you with motivation.
8-M:You're right.That's an area I do need to put some more effort into—building closer relationships with those who engage my services and skills.
5.What does the man say about his life of being self-employed?
6.What does the man say about managers?
7.What do both speakers value most about self-employment?
8.On what point does the man agree with the woman?
Section B
Passage One
I Weather is a constant force in our lives,but there is little marketing research on how it affects businesses.Now,a new study reveals how sunny and snowy conditions influence consumer behavior.
Ⅱ Those weather conditions trigger consumers to mentally visualize using products associated with the respective weather.This leads to consumers placing a higher value on those products.That is, they're willing to pay more money for them.But the correlation is only found with products related to being outside.
Ⅲ How does this work?Researchers give the example of a beach towel.On a sunny day,consumers who see that product are not just looking at the towel itself,they are likely imagining themselves lying on the towel in the sun.This mental picture of using the towel increases the value of the product in the consumers' mind.
IV Researchers put forward the following hypothesis to explain their findings.They think the mental picture works in sunshine and snow because these weather conditions have a positive association wth outside activities.The effect is not seen with rainy weather.Researchers assert this is because there aren't many activities that are enabled by rain.Most products associated with rain,like umbrellas,are only used for protection from the weather,and notfor any activitics.
V Researchers believe that companies that sell a wide array of products online can benefit most from the insights this study provides.Online sellers often use complex mathematical formulas to determine what products to feature and how to price these products.Incorporating more data about weather would allow them to make beter decisions.This could bolster sales.
9.What do we learn about the findings of the new study?
10.What does the passage say may incrense the value of products for consumers?
11.How can thefindings of the new study benefit online sellers according to the researchers?
Passage Two
I Setting the office air-conditioning at about 22℃ has become standard practice across the world. Numerous guidebooks across the world on heating,ventilation and air-conditioning claim office performance peaks at 22 degrees,Many people indeed find relief from soaring summer temperatures in air-conditioned offices.But recent studies have challengecd the acepted wisdom that a col office is more productive.
Ⅱ The reality is more complex.Researchers conducted a review of all studies relating to air- conditioning and productivity.They found that 22 degrees was probably a littlechilly,even at the height of summer,For a person dresscd in typical summer clothing,an optimal range would be between 23 and 26 degrees,And people can even tolerate temperatures beyond this comfort zone as long as they can adjust their clothing and expectations.In fact,even on very hot days,it makes sense to turn the air-conditioning up. People often chase just one optimum temperature,and this is understandable when people feel hot.But there s a range of at least three to four degrees which does not have any adverse impact.
Ⅲ Another issue related to this is that people can become psychologically dependent on air conditioning.If they're used to the environment which is air-conditioned,they tend to prefer lower temperatures.But the studies found that almost all humans became accustomed to the new temperature. It was only at the extreme ends of the temperature range where people's productivity suffered.This range was above 26 degrees and below 19 degrees.
12.What is the accepted wisdom concerning the office environment?
13.What did researchers find from their revicw of all studies relating to air-conditioning and productivity?
14.What do we learnabout using a little less air-conditioning during hot weather?
15.What happens when people are used to an air-conditioned environment?
Section C
Recording One
I Psychology research has tended to portray solitude as a negative experience.Studies conducted in he 1970s and 1990s suggested that pcople felt less happy when alone as compared to being with others. However,a new paper shows an alternative view of solitude,one in which solitude can be positive.
Ⅱ Let's start by looking at the earlier research,It had a couple of shortcomings.First,it measured emotion on a scale from positive to negative,overlooking the possibility that our positive and negative emotions can fluctuate independently.Also,it categorized emotions as simply positive or negative.It didn't consider that emotions arouse us todifferent degrees,and that both positive andnegative emotions can arouse us a lot or a little,That is,whether positive or negative,emotions can be either high-arousal or low-arousal,High-arousal emotions include excitement on the positive side or anger on the negative side,while low-arousal ones include feeling calm on the positive side or lonely on the negative.
Ⅲ This new research attempted to overcome these shortcomings.Researchers began with a simple study.They asked participants to spend 15 minutes sitting alone without engaging in any activity,and measured how this solitude influences their emotional state.This experiment specifically aimed to determine the effect of solitude on high-arousal emotions,It looked at positive emotions such as being excited or interested,and negative emotions including being scared or distressed.The results were clear, After 15 minutes of solitude,the participants showed reductions in both types of emotion.
IV A sccond study mcasured the cffcts of solitude on low-arousal cmotions.These included both positive and negative emotions,such as feling calm,relaxed,sad or lonely.That experinent found that all of these emotions were increased by time alone.Thus it seems past depictions of solitude were wrong.It doesn't have a simple emotional effect that can be characterizcd as good or bkid.Rather。it changes the intensity of our inner cxpcricncc.It amplifics quicter cmotions,but it diminishes the intensity of strongcr feelings.
V It's worth clarifying that these findings relate to relatively brief periods of solitude.This is distinct from prolonged loneliness.Research has demonstrated that the latter is correlated with an assortment of negative physical and psychological effectsHow can people benefit from being alone?The findings here suggest that people can use solitude to regulate their emotions.Solitude can help us become quict after excitement,calm after an angry episode,or simply fecl at peace.
16.What is one of the criticisms directed at the early research on solitude?
17.What do we learn about the results of the new research?
18.What did the second experiment in the new research find about solitude?
Recording Two
I In 1984,the World Chess Championship was called off abruptly,due to the withered frame of a player who was competing for the title.He wasn't alone in experiencing the extreme physical effects of the game.Elite players can reportedly burn up to an absurd 6.000 calories in one day.Does that mean that thinking harder is a simple routeto losingweight?
Ⅱ Well,when the body is at rest,we know that the brain uses up a startling 20%to 25%of the body's overall energy.This level of utilization actually makes the brain the most energyexpensive organ in the body,and yet it makes up only 2% of the body's weight overall.
Ⅲ So the more we put this organ to work,the more calories we'll burn?Technically,the answer is yes,for cognitively difficult tasks.What counts as a“difficult”mental task varies between individuals. But generally,it could be described as something that the brain cannot solve easily using previously earned routines,or tasks that change the conditions continuously.
IV However,deep thinking will not burn off the calories gained from eating a sugary snack.Because in relation to the brain's huge overall energy usage,which is devoted to a multitude of tasks,the energy required just to think harder is actually comparatively tiny.We're unconscious of most of what uses up the brain's energyA lot of that activity is unrelated to conscious activities like learning how to sing or play the guitar.
V The brain is able to allocate blood(and thus energy)to particular regions that are being active at that point.But the overall energy availability in the brain is thought to be constant.So,while there might be significant increases in energy use at localized regionsof the brain when we perform difficult cognitive tasks,when it comes to the whole brain's energy budget overall,these activities don't significantly alter it.
VI So,why did the chess champion grow too skinny to compete in his chess competition?The general consensus is that it mostly comes down to stress and reduced food consumption,not mental exhaustion.Keeping your body pumped up for action for long periods of time is very energy demanding. If you can't eat as often or as much as youcan or wouldnormally—then youmight lose weight.
19.What do we learn about the brain when the body is at rest?
20.What does the speaker say about the consumption of the brain's energy?
21.What do we learn about the overall energy availability in the brain?
Recording Three
I “Tell me about yourself”may seem like an easy job interview question,but the open-ended nature of this question often leaves job seekers at a loss where to start.This commonquestion is actually a critical test of a job candidate's communication skills,so it's important not to give an unprepared response or mess itup.“Tell me about yourself”is often the first qucstion professional carcer coaches prepare people for when they give interview guidance.It's the opportunity for the candidate to take control of the narrative and tell their story in a way that really matters to their audience.It takes hard work and extensive preparation to answer this question well.
Ⅱ When a person goes to a job interview,their interviewer has presumably read their rěsumé,so they don't need to repeat the information.But that's what most pcople will do,as it's their instinct to recite things that are already on their resumé.It's important for job seekers to do their homework on two crucial aspects.
Ⅲ First,they are not just telling someone a fact about themselves.They're telling a story,and stories take work to create.Coming up with a good story means getting reflective about what made their career accomplishments something they're proud of and what strengths those accomplishments highlight. Candidates shouldn't pick a broad general strength to claborate on,such as“I'm smart,I work hard and I get things done.”To come up with multiple career accomplishments or examples for different interview questions,job seekers should talk with others,especially people who know them,partners. friends or co-workers who will bring up different stories than the ones they remember.
IV Secondly,candidates should know what's at stake for the company with this job opening.What they really are asking you is“Tell me why you are going to help me.”If the person is a prepared candidate, they should have already figured out those things.They've readthe job description and researched the company on the Internet.What job applicants ought to be looking for s what the company is up to,what they are trying to accomplish and what is preventing them from acomplishing those things.
V How long should it take to answer?Around a minute.That's about right for most people's attention spans.Under a minute could seem rushed,while over two minutes will start to feel more like a speech.But the length of the answer is not an exact science,and candidates need to keep their career story focused and tailored to their audience.
22.What does the speaker say about the job interview question "tell me about yourself"?
23.What will most people do when they come to a job interview?
24.Why should job seekers talk with partners,friends andco-workers?
25.What other important preparations should job seekers make before an interview?
1.[答案精析]B。1段②句女士以“它和我以前玩过的任何一款电子游戏都不同”引出谈论对象，可知说话人谈论的是一款与众不同的电子游戏，B是对此的合理推断。A由6段②句信息“参与安全驾驶课程”捏造而来，但对话中并未提及“驾驶考试”。C、D均利用对话中多次出现的细节信息干扰，但“交通路线”和“货运物流”实为游戏相关的设置内容，并不能概括对话的主题。
2.[答案精析]A。A复现2段②句“我惊讶地发现它(指代the driving simulator)效果非常逼真，很有教育意义”。B由2段③句游戏名称“Euro Truck Simulator(欧洲卡车模拟)”捏造而来，但对话并未提及“欧洲旅行”。C利用2段③④句other versions、was really drawn杂糅干扰，但吸引男士的实为“游戏中的风景”而非“其他版本”。D与2段①句“我兄弟去年把这款游戏推荐给我”相悖。
3.[答案精析]C。C+题干复现3段③句“但我着实欣赏游戏当中的所有细节”。A利用2段末句干扰，但这是男士的观点，与题干所问不符。B源于3段②句，但该句意在以“游戏设置(搬运货物、驾车穿过一个又一个城市)看似简单”反衬③句“游戏细节精致逼真”,女士尤其欣赏的是后者而非前者。D利用3段末句a new appreciation for the logistics industry干扰，但此处appreciation表达“了解，认识”的含义，与题干中appreciates 的含义“欣赏”有所区别，选项整体将“该游戏带给女士的启发：对物流行业形成新的认识”曲解为“女士真正欣赏的对象：物流行业的关键作用”。
4.[答案精析]B。B+题干准确概括末段末句“如果它(即the driving simulator)让更多司机在驶进十字路口前看一看道路两侧的情况，那么我得说这是一个积极的结果”。A、C均利用4段④句obeyed all the road signs and traffic rules干扰，但这实为“男士所描述的游戏玩家的行为”,而非“女士所期待的结果”。D利用5段②句 how self-driving trucks may soon beavailable干扰，但这实为“女士所读文章中的观点”,而非“女士本人的观点”。
5.[答案精析]D。第2段首句男士指出“自雇的好处显而易见，尽管似乎没有我预计的那么自由”,D与此直接时应，故正确。A根据男士自雇生活不如预期臆测而来，但文中男士并未直接给出“愉快与否”的评价。B、C断章取义，将第2段②句“单靠钱无法提供足够的动力”分别窜改为“激励性不如预期”“挣得比以前少”。
6.[答案精析]D。第4段③句中，男士表示“肯定也不是所有的经理都知道怎么激励员工”,D是对该评价的同义改写。本题A、B两项干扰性较强，均借第4段②句设置障碍，但该句实指“并非每个经理都会关照员工的心理需求(behaves with such awareness and care回指上文女士所说‘经理适时给予雇员激励、鼓励和夸奖)”,A项将“心理需求”窜改为“行为”,B项将“并非每个”窜改为“很少”。C项根据第3段中的no one around to offer praise捏造而来，但此处意为“自雇者不会有经理来夸赞”,而非“经理很少会夸费和奖励雇员”。
7.[答案精析]C。第5段中女士指出，“我最看重的激励因素就是自主权”,第6段中男士表示赞同，并补充说“自己选择这种生活方式就是为了独立”,C是对两句关键信息的概括。A根据常识“员工多看重工作满意度”设置障碍，但文中并未提及相关信息；B改编自第4段中的awareness一词，但文中并未提及“自我意识”; D根据另一常识“员工多看重薪资”以及第1段男士发言“钱的激励性不够”进行干扰，但仍然缺乏原文支撑。
8.[答案精析]A。第8段男士表示。“在这方面我需要更加努力”,随后点出这方面指的是“跟雇用我的服务和技能的人建立起更密切的关系”,即与客户建立起更密切的关系。这也与第7段中女士的建议“与客户互动，和他们保持联系”相符，因此A正确。B根据第7段女士所说“拿到书面的推荐”进行干扰，但原文并未提及是由经理来进行推荐。C来自第6段男士对长期全职工作和自雇工作的对比，不涉及女士的观点；D源自第3段末make greater use of our interests and talents,但此处仅以“无法更好地利用自雇者的兴趣和天赋”说明自雇相较于他雇的一个缺点，并未提及“探索雇员兴趣和天赋的途径”。
9.[答案精析]C。题干+C契合I段②句“一项新研究揭示了睛天和雪天是如何影响消费者行为的”, Weather conditions准确概括sunny and snowy conditions,consumers'buying behavior同义替换consumer bchavior。A将Ⅱ段①句“设想在某种天气(晴天或雪天)下使用与该天气相关的产品”窜改为“设想在不同天气下进行各种活动”。B将Ⅱ段前三句大意“晴天和雪天会促使消费者花更多钱购买某商品”窜政为“好天气会促使消费者更想购物”。D利用Ⅱ段碎片信息mentally、higher value、pay more money干扰，录音并未提及。
10. [答案精析]D。Ⅲ段以沙滩巾为例说明了睛天如何影响消费者的行为，末句总结“在脑海/内心里构想使用沙滩巾的画面会提升这一产品在消费者心目中的价值”,故D正确。其余三项利用consumer,correlation、 positive association等碎片信息干扰，与题干询问内容无关。
11.[答案精析]B。题干+B契合V段②①句大意“线上商家通常利用复杂的数学公式来决定要主推何种产品及如何定价，纳入更多与天气相关的数据(即结合新研究的发现)能使他们作出更好的决策”,Helping them determine同义替换allowthem to make better decisions。A由V段②句“线上商家利用复杂的数学公式”臆断而来。C将研究发现的内容“晴天和雪天会促使消费者花更多钱购买某商品”曲解为“研究发现本身能直接使商家以更高价格出售产品”,实际起作用的是“天气因素”而非“研究发现”。D利用V段碎片信息a wide array of products干扰，录音并未提及。
12.[答案精析]B。I段末句指出，新近研究对“凉快的办公室使人工作效率更高”这一公认的看法提出了质疑，B是对该公认看法的同义表述，故正确。A、D均由I段②句的ventilation捏造而来，原文未提及相关信息；C利用I段②句Numerous guidebooks...claim...设置干扰，但原文仅指出指南手册声称“办公室温度为22度时，(员工的)工作表现最佳”,并未强制要求或建议办公室空调的设定要遵循指导手册。
13.[答案精析]D。Ⅱ段④句指出，对夏装打扮的人来说，最佳的温度区间是23度～26度，即存在一个舒适温度区间，D正确。A来源于Ⅱ段②句...relating to air-conditioning and productivity,但原文探讨的是“空调温度是否影响工作效率”,并未提及人们的工作满意度情况；B由I段②句across the world和Ⅱ段⑤句tolerate,adjust杂糅编造而来，原文并未提及选项信息；C与Ⅱ段③句研究发现“即使是在盛夏，22度很可能还是有点冷”相悖。
14.[答案精析]A。Ⅱ段⑥句指出，即使是在炎热的夏天，调高空调温度也合乎情理；末句指出，(在22度的基础上)三到四度的上下波动不会产生负面影响。结合两句大意可知，在炎热的天气里稍稍调高一点空调的温度不会产生负面影响，A正确，同时排除与两句大意正相反的C、D两项。B将Ⅱ段⑦句的chase过度解读为“人们时刻关注湿度变化，因此一旦温度发生变化就能立刻感知”,原文并未提及相关信息。
15.[答案精析]A。Ⅲ段②句指出，如果习惯了待在有空调的环境，人们就会倾向于喜欢较低的温度。A是对此句的同义改写，故正确。B由Ⅲ段psychologically dependent、used to、accustomed to等过度推导而来，但原文未提及“快速的温度变化”,更未提及其“令人不适”;C与Ⅲ段④句大意“只有在超出舒适温度区间的极高或极低温度下，人们的工作效率才会受到影响”相悖；D指向“高温”与“敏感度”之间的关系，原文并未提及。
16.[答案精析]C。Ⅱ段②句首先指出早期关于独处的研究有几个缺陷，随后④句指出其中的一个缺陷是它们将情绪简单地分为积极和消极两种。C项是对it categorized emotions as simply positive or ncgative的同义转述，故正确。A利用Ⅱ段③句overlooking the possibilitythat...设置干扰，但该句意在指出“早期研究忽视积极和消极情绪各自都有起伏变化的可能性”,而非“早期研究忽视了情绪能被控制的可能性”。B为主观臆造的批评，原文并无信息支撑。D由Ⅱ段③句measured,positive and negative emotions和independently杂糅捏造而来。
17.[答案精析]D。Ⅲ段④句介绍这项新研究的目的“明确独处对高激发情绪的影响”,随后末句介绍研究的结果“在15分钟的独处后，参与者的积极和消极两种类型的(高激发)情绪都有所减弱”。D项是对该研究结果的准确概括，故正确。A利用Ⅲ段⑤句scared or distressed设置干扰，但其指向的是研究对象之一“高激发的消极情绪”,而非研究结论“独自坐着什么都不做很痛苦”。B源自首段②句“相较于与他人为伴，人们在独处时感到不那么快乐”,但该句指向的是早期研究得出的结论，从后文可以看出，新研究恰恰推翻了早期研究的结论。C与Ⅲ段末句所揭示的研究结果相矛盾，故错误。
18.[答案精析]C。IV段首句指出第二个实验的研究对象是低激发情绪，随后③句介绍实验发现“(低激发)情绪因独处而增强”。C项是对all of these emotions(low-arousalemotions)wereincreased by time alone的同义转述，故正确。A由IV段④句“过去对独处的描述是错误的”主观臆断出“事实证明，独处很难被客观地描述”。B利用IV段②句sad设置干扰，但该句指向的是实验对象之一“低激发的消极情绪”,而非实验发现“独处与悲伤密不可分”。D与IV段⑤句“独处对情绪的影响并不能被简单地界定为好(积极)或坏(消极)”相矛盾，故锆误。
19.[答案精析]D。Ⅱ段指出，当身体处于休息状态时，大脑消耗的能量惊人，为身体总能量的20%到25%, 即占比接近四分之一，故D正确，同时可排除B。A由直觉性的认识推出“大脑在身体处于休息状态时能耗小，深度思考时能耗大”,而原文并无相关信息。C源自首段losing weight,但该句提出疑问“冥思苦想能否减肥”且下文给出了否定答案，文中并未说明身体处于休息状态时的大脑活动能否帮助我们保持体型。
20.[答案精析]A。IV段指出，我们无法察觉消耗掉大脑能量的大多数活动，这些活动很大一部分都与有意识的活动无关，即大部分大脑能量的消耗与有意识的活动无关，故A正确，同时排除C(主动学习是一种有意识的活动)。Ⅲ段前两句以问答的形式指出，对于难度高的认知活动来说，大脑工作得越多，我们消耗的能量就越多，B将“能量消耗与活动难度关系”的适用对象“难度高的认知活动”扩大为“大脑所有的活动”。IV段指出，冥思苦想(即进行难度高的认知活动)所需能量在大脑总能耗中的占比极少，D与此相悖。
21.[答案精析]A。V段指出，大脑中可利用的总能量被认为是恒定的。故A正确。B由V段首句所述大脑的功能“为不同身体部位的活动分配能量”臆断而来，原文并未提及相关信息。C、D中food consumption与 mental exhaustion均在V段复现，但原文此处意在说明棋手在比赛中迅速消瘦的原因，与题干所问不符。
22.[答案精析]C。C复现I段①句leaves jobscekers at a loss where to start(让求职者不知从何谈起)。A 由①句an casy job interviewquestion捏造出“求职者很少认真对待它”。B由②句“不给出未经准备的回答便极为重要”、③句“职业生涯教练辅导的第一个问题”臆测出“求职者通常准备了现成答案”。D将①句“开放式的本质”的结果“让求职者不知从何谈起”窜改为“求职者能够自由回答”。
23.[答案精析]D。“题干+D”复现Ⅱ段①②句“不必再重复简历上的信息，但大多数人都会这么做”。A源自I段③句professional carer coaches(职业教练)、give interview guidance(提供面试指导),B源自I段④句It's the opportunity for the candidate to take control ofthe narrative(借此机会，面试者得以掌控讲述方式),C 利用常识干扰，但三项均非录音中提到的“大多数人参加面试时会做的事”。
24.[答案精析]B。Ⅲ段⑤句指出“为了想出多项职业成就或例子以应对不同的面试问题，求职者应当与他人交谈，尤其是了解他们的人”,随后列举“了解他们的人”具体所指——伴侣、朋友或同事，即求职者应当与伴侣、朋友、同事交流，以便举出多项例子应对不同的面试问题，B正确。A源自Ⅲ段③句“思考是什么让他们的职业成就成为了他们引以为傲的东西”,但这是求职者在“构想好故事”时应当做的事情，不符合题干“与…… 交谈的原因”。C利用Ⅲ段④句elaborate on(详细说明)干扰，但原文是建议求职者在面试时选择一个具体的优点进行详细说明。并非“讨论相关细节”。D与④句大意“不应选取一个宽泛的优点来详细说明”相悖。
25.[答案精析]B。IV段①句指出求职者应当透过职位空缺来了解公司的真实需求，B是对此的同义概括，正确。A利用常识干扰，录音中并未提及。C将IV段②句“公司询问求职者如何帮助公司/求职者能给公司提供什么”偷换为“公司能给求职者提供什么”,D由IV段末句what they are trying to accomplish及V段末句tailored to their audience杂糅捏造而来，但文中tailored是指职业故事要针对不同的面试精心打造、有所侧重、适当调整，而非建议求职者调整预期。
