英语四级真题听力是检验学生英语实际应用能力的重要标尺，它不仅考查听力理解能力，更体现了对语言综合运用的挑战。掌握真题听力，对于提升四级成绩至关重要。本次，小编整理了2023年12月大学英语四级真题听力部分卷一的内容及答案，以供大家参考！
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just beard.
1. A) Their brains work in harmony.
B) They are generally the same age.
C) Their interests are quite similar.
D) They have the same ethnic background.
2. A) It can be touching.
B) It is hard to predict.
C) It can work both ways.
D) It resembles family ties.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3. A) Search for their half-brothers.
B) Identify their biological fathers.
C) Find out more about their ancestry.
D) See whether they are actually related.
4. A) They were both given up for adoption.
B) They were born to the same mother.
C) They flew 737 airplanes as pilots.
D) They were both 60 years of age.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. A) One of his friends was caught littering.
B) Other tourists refused to join in the cleanup.
C) The beautiful beach was spoiled with lots of trash.
D) The kilometer-long beach was practically deserted.
6. A) A passerby.
B) A local woman.
C) The beach authorities.
D) One of the five tourists.
7. A) The tourists'good deed was not noticed by the locals.
B) Some natives were selling poor-quality food to tourists.
C) The number of tourists to the beach is on a steady decline.
D) It was tourists not natives who were cleaning up the beach.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 8 to 11 are basedontheconversationyou have just heard.
8.A)He has to play football with workmates.
B)He has got some books to read.
C)He is going to visit a friend.
D)He is physicallyunfitfor it.
9.A)To teach kids about animal protection.
B)To learn how popularzoos could be.
C)To see some rare animals in cages.
D)To give her little nephew a treat.
10.A)He enjoys excellent health.
B)He is keen on extreme sports.
C)He coaches tennis players every week.
D)He spends most of his time in the gym.
11.A)Tending to his swollen ankle.
B)Concentrating on reading.
C)Writing three book reports.
D)Planning Christmas celebrations.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12.A)It is being debated by hundreds of retirees.
B)It is attracting many people'sattention.
C)It partly records his own experience.
D)It argues for postponing retirement.
13.A)One should foresee a financial crisis.
B)One should trust financialplanners'figures.
C)One should have one million dollars to retire.
D)One should start saving as early as possible
14.A)It doesn't need to be permanent.
B)It shouldn't be considered risky.
C)It helps to reduce travel expenses.
D)It is the way to quit a job one hates.
15.A)By keeping close contact with one'semployers.
B)By retring when one reaches sixtyyears old.
C)By investing half of one's monthly income.
D)By following the counsel of financial planners.
Section C
Directions: In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage,yow wil hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the coresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16.A)They tended to be easily anticipated by those belonging to theirown race.
B)They tended to be arbitarily judged by individuals of opposing groups.
C)They were readily shared among members of the same social or racial group.
D)They were influenced by the presence of someone from an outsider group.
17.A)Whenthey tried to make a positive impression on the researchers.
B)When an unknown student from another university was present.
C)When an experimenter from the research team took notice.
D)When they were offered both candy andfruit as a snack.
18.A)By advertising its social benefits
B)By teaching consumers diet strategies.
C)By supporting struggling consumers.
D)By maintaining its positive image.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19.A)The academic and leaning issues struggling students encounter.
B)The risk students face due to a history of mental health problems.
C)The effectof interacting with therapy dogs on studentsunder pressure.
D)The work universities are doingto help students succeed academically.
20.A)Their communicative skills.
B)Their executive functioning.
C)Their academicnetworking.
D)Their leadership capacities.
21.A)Rid students of their anxiety.
B)Add to some students'stress.
C)Contribute little to typicalstudents'success.
D)Help students with mental issues pull through.
Questions 22 to 25 arebased on the passage you have just heard.
22.A)Work hard and plan carefully.
B)Attempt to succeed at any cost.
C)Aim high and expect great results.
D)Remain optimistic even in difficulty.
23.A)Regarding failure as something inevitable.
B)Trying out innovative marketing strategies.
C)Venturing into sectors never explored before.
D)Being willing to experiment withnove ideas.
24.A)Expect future sucess so as to move forward.
B)Learn from our failure and forge ahead.
C)Distinguish between good and bad risks.
D)Examine our strategies and find out weaknesses.
25.A)Fresheroffers.
B)Safcr opcration.
C)More challenges.
D)Less competition.
Section A
News Report One
Have you noticed how similar you areto your friends?It may be because your brains operate inharmony with cach other.We knowthat friends are more likely to be the same age,gender and ethnic backgroundas each other.Now itseems their brains are alike,too.
Researchers at the University of California scannedthe brains of 42 classmates while they watched videos intended to provoke varying responses.Some people might finda romantic scene touching,forinstance,while others would feel it was embarrassing.The activityof friends'brains wasmore similarthan that of people who didn't know each other,particularly in regions involved in attention,emotion and language.This similarity was strong enough thatit could be used to predict whether two peoplewere already friends or not.The relationship probably goes two ways.We are drawn to people who think like us;we then influence theirthoughts overtime,which maypush their brain activityinto more closelyresemblingour own.
1.What may bethe reason that friends are similar toeach other according to the recent research?
2.What does the news report say about the relationship between friends?
News Report Two
Twomen whohave been best friends for 60 years have just realized theyare actually brothers.It's reported that Alan Robinson and WalterMacDonald met in the 6th grade at a school in Hawaii.They have been best friends ever since.Alan was given away for adoption soon after he was born,and Walter never knew his father.So recently,they made separate attempts on DNA matching websites to discover more about their ancestry.Walter was astonished to find thathe matched withwebsiteuser Robi737.He knewimmediatelythat this washis best friend Alan,whose friends call himRobi and flew 737airplanes when he was a pilot.The pair were born to the same mother 15 months apart.
3.What did both Alan Robinson andWalter MacDonald attempt to doon DNA matching websites?
4.What did thenews reportsay about Alan Robinson and Walter MacDonald?
News Report Three
Amid all the election drama,airpollution problems and diseaseoutbreaks,five tourists'good work is being spread online.Yesterday two male and three female tourists were spotted walking the kilometer-longbeach,picking up trash. One of the male tourists from Australia commented that although there was a lot of trash,nobody was doing anything.The heachwas not as nice or beautiful as itshould be.He felt so sad to aee such a gorgcous place littered with so much trash. Thus,heand hisfriends decided to grab a few trash bags andclean it all up
A man passingby decidedto video their good deed and put it on the internet. It was unclearwhere the rest of the groupwas from,but they were most likely traveling together.One local woman commented on being embarrassed that tourists were cleaning up their beach.Another mentioned that itwas actually the natives who brough food and drinks then left trash all alongthe island.
5.Whydid one of the male tourists feel sad?
6.Whoput the good deed vldeo on the internet?
7.Why did one local woman sayshe was embarrassed?
Section B
Conversation One
W:Hello Benjamin,Dan andI wllbegoing for a run along the canalSaturday morning.Wouldyou like to join us?
M:I'd love to.but I hurt my ankle last weekend playing football with work colleagues.
W:Oh dear,is it serious?
M:No,not at all.I landed badly during a fall and twisted ita little,but it's nobig deal.It'sjust a ltleswollen and I should be fine for next Saturday if you still want to go for a jog then.
W:I won't be herenext Saturday.I'm going to the zoo.
M:The zoo?
W:Yeah.My little nephew turns six,and he loves thezoo,so the whole family is going.
M:Oh,okay then.Ihaven't been to a zoo since Iwasakid.
W:They are nowhere near as popular as they used to be when we were children.I personally feel sorry for the poor animals stuck in cages,but there'sno denying they are fun and educational for children M:Do youknowif Dan will be around nextSaturday?
W:Yeah,I think he will.Just send him a text message.He's always keen on physical activities.
M:That'strue.Dan is extremely fitand healthy.He goes to the gym most days,plus tennis two or three times a weck.
W:So,what have youbeen doing to stay busy while you've had that swollen ankle?
M:I've been catching up on some reading. I was given three books overChristmas,and I'm onlynow getting around to reading them.
8.Why can't the man go for a run Saturday morning?
9.Why is the woman's whole family going to the zoo next Saturday?
10.What do we learn about Dan from the man's description?
11.What hastheman been doing since last weekend?
Conversation Two
W:Ourguest on today's Book Talk is John Black,the author of the newbestseller,Rerire Early.
M:Thanksfor having me on theshow,Lisa.
W:John,your book is getting a lotof attention,partly because you write that mostpeople can retire by 40.Istha realistic?
M:Definitely.When researching this book,I interviewed hundreds of peoplewho retired by 40.
W:Okay,but how much money does a person need to retire?I've read articles recommending onemillion dollars as a good figure for retirement.
M:Whilemost financial plannersdo give numbers,I don't think that's useful,as people are living in differentareas withdifferent costs of living,and have different needsand wants,which is why I suggest that people aim for financial independence.
W:What do you mean by financial independence?
M:Having investment income that's greater than monthlyexpenses.
W:That soundsriskyto me.What if an accident happensor you get lland ned medical treatment?Shouldn't people have extra cash foremergencies?
M:Too many people spend theirlives working on jobs they hate because they're afraid,so I counsel people to take risks.Retirement doesn't have to be permanent,and if people need to,they can go back to work.
W:But it's not always easy to get back into the workforce after an extended absence.
M:True,but if you keep current withyour skills,you will be attracted to employers.
W:Maybe,buthow can anyone save enoughto retire by 40 when most people can't retire at 60?
M:Simple,by cutting housing,food,and transportexpenses,and investing half your monthly income W:That sounds impossible.
M:I admitit's difficult,but it has worked for thousands.
12.What do we learn about the man'sbook published recently?
13.What do the articles the woman read recommend?
14.What does the man say about retirement?
15.How does the man say his proposal about retirementcan be carrled out?
Section C
Passage One
New research from Americastudies the role that the presence of individuals fromdifferent social or racial groups has in influencing consumers'food choices.This research found college students were more likely to choose healthy food in the presence of an observer of a different race,as opposed to an observer from their own race.The same was true when they were with someone from a different university,compared to someone from their own.Researchers say this was because participants anticipated more negative judgment from an outsider group. In contrast,they felt less judged by members of their own group.
In one experiment,participants wereoffered the choice betweencandy and fruit as a snack.When in thepresence of an unknown student from their own university,only 12 percent of students selected the healthier option.
However,this number was 31 per cent when in the presence of an unknown student from another university.Other experiments showed similarresults based on racial group.
What's the reason for this patten?The study found that people feeljudged to a larger extentby members of other groups.Because of this,they tategically use healthy food choices to make a positive impression.There have been many attempts to help consumers makehealthier choices,but consumers often struggle to maintaina healthy diet.This research finds that one way to promote a healthy diet could be to advertise the social benefitsof healthy choices.
16.What was the finding of the new research from Ameriea about consumers'food choices?
17.When did 31 per cent of students in the experiment selec the healthier option?
18.How could a healthy diet be promoted according to the findings of the new research?
Passage Two
Forcollege students under pressure,a dog maybe the best stress fighter around,according tothe findingof a recent study "It's a really powerful finding."said Patricia Pendry,who led the study.“Universities are doing a lot of great worktrying to help students succeed academically,especilly those who maybe at riskdue toa history of mental health issues oracademic and learning issues.[19]This study shows that traditionalstress management approaches aren't as effective for this population compared with programs that focus on providing opportunities to interact with therapy dogs."
The researchers measured executive functioning in the students involved in the study. Executive function is a term forthe skills one needs to plan,organize,motivate,concentrate and memorize.These areskills students need to succeed in college.The researchers found that students who were most at risk had the most improvements in executive functioningafter interacting withtherapydogs.Theseresults remainedwhen researchers followed up six weeks later.
Manyuniversities provide academie stress managementprograms and workshops.Theseare traditionally very similar tocollege classes.They often talk about ways toget more sleep,set goals,or manage stress or anxiety.Pendry acknowledges that these are really importan topics and these workshopshelptypical students succeed But they're less helpfulfor strugling students.Pendry believes thuse sludents may expericnce the programs as another lecture and feel eyen more stressed.
19.What doestherecent studyled byPatriclaPendry aim to examine?
20.What did the new study measure in the participants?
21.What does Patricia Pendry think traditional stress management programs may do?
Passage Three
Taking risksin business does not mean going into business blindly and then expecting great results.Onthe contrary,taking risks in entrepreneurship involves careful planning andhard work.Nobodycan really be sure if risks will be metwith success,no matter howcalculated they maybe.But this should not stop you fromtakingrisks,as risks are necessary if you want your business to succeed.
Some risks may not work out,butan optimistic risk-takerwill always look at failureasan opportunity to learn.The willingness to experimen with new ideas is key to business growth.As the old saying goes,"Nothin ventured,nothing gained."Failure will teach you howto think and plan strategically But just remember that no all risks are good ones,andwhen you fail,learm from it and move forward
Since most people tend to avoid risk,businesses that are brave enough to take risks already have a competitive advantage. They are the ones setting the standard with new ideas,fresh offers and bold inventions.Risk takers are bestat adapting in difficult times.Simply put,when most individuals stay away from risk,it means less competition for risk-takers. We don't know if you'll achieve what these risk-takers have achieved.But for as long as you want to stay safe,and foraslong as you are contentwithwhereyour business is right now,you will never find out.
22.What do entrepreneurs have to do when taking risksaccordingto the passage?
23.What does the passagesayis key to business growth?
24.What are we advised to do when we fail?
25.What does it mean to risk-taking businesses when most people tend to avoid risk?
1.根据最新研究，朋友之间彼此相似的原因可能是什么？
A）他们的大脑运作协调一致。
B）他们的年纪通常一样大。
C）他们的兴趣非常相似。
D）他们有相同的种族背景。
解析：新闻开头提到，我们与自己的朋友非常相似。紧接着说了原因：这可能是因为我们与朋友的大脑运作协调一致。故A项为正确答案。新闻中提到，朋友之间更可能在年龄、性别和种族背景方面相似，但新闻并未提到这就是我们与朋友相似的原因，故排除B项和D项。C项新闻并未提及，可排除。
2.关于朋友间的关系，新闻报道说了什么？
A）它可能是感人的。
B）它是很难预测的。
C）它可能是双向的。
D）它类似于家庭关系。
解析：新闻末尾部分提到，朋友关系可能是双向的。与我们想法相似的人会吸引我们，然后我们也会影响朋友的 想法，故C项为正确答案。新闻后面提到，朋友间的大脑活动更为相似，这种相似性非常强大，足以用来预测两个人是否已经成为朋友，因此可排除B项。其余两项新闻并未提及，可排除。
3.艾伦 ·罗宾逊和沃尔特 ·麦克唐纳两个人在DNA匹配网站都尝试做了什么?
A)寻找他们同母异父或同父异母的兄弟
B)确认他们的生父。
C) 寻找更多关于他们家世的信息。
D)弄清他们实际上是否有关系。
解析：新闻中提到，艾伦 ·罗宾逊和沃尔特·麦克唐纳最近分别在DNA匹配网站上做了匹配，希望能发现更多关于他们家世的信息，故C项为正确答案。其余三个选项新闻并未提及，可排除。
4.关于艾伦·罗宾逊和沃尔特·麦克唐纳，新闻报道说了什么?
A）他们都是被送人收养的。
B）他们是同一个母亲所生。
C）他们都是737飞机的飞行员。
D）他们都是60岁。
解析：新闻末尾提到，艾伦•罗宾逊和沃尔特•麦克唐纳是同一个母亲所生，年龄相差15个月，故B项为正确答案。新闻中提到，艾伦出生后不久就被送人收养，并没有提到沃尔特也是被送人收养，故A项错误。新闻中提到，艾伦曾是737飞机的飞行员，并没有说艾伦和沃尔特都是该飞机的飞行员，故C项错误。新闻开头提到，艾伦•罗宾逊和沃尔特•麦克唐纳在上六年级时认识并成为好朋友，相交60年，并不是说他们俩的年龄是60岁，故D项错误。
5.为什么其中一位男游客感到难过？
A）他的一个朋友被发现乱扔垃圾。
B）其他游客拒绝参加清理工作。
C）许多垃圾破坏了美丽的海滩。
D）一公里长的海滩几乎空无一人。
5.新闻中提到，一位来自澳大利亚的男游客评论说，虽然海滩上有很多垃圾，但没有人管，海滩失去了解析：它应有的美丽。看到如此美丽的地方到处都是垃圾，他感到非常难过，故C项为正确答案。其余三个选项新闻均未提及，可排除。
6.是谁把这段善举视频发布到了网上?
A）一位路人。
B）一位当地的女士。
C）海滩管理部门。
D）五名游客之一。
解析：新闻中提到，一名路过的男子把游客在海滩拾垃圾的善举录下来并发布到网上，故A项为正确答案。新闻中提到，一位当地女士对善举视顺发表了自己的评论，而非她把视频发布到网上，故B项错误。其余两项新闻均未提及，可排除。
7.为什么一位当地女士说自己感到难堪?
A) 当地人没有注意到游客的善举。
B) 一些当地人向游客出售劣质食品。
C) 去海滩的游客数量在持续下降。
D) 清理海滩的是游客，而不是当地人。
解析：新闻中提到，海滩到处都是垃圾，但没有人管，因此那几位游客决定把海滩上的垃圾清理干净，对此，一位当地女士表示很难堪，因为清理海滩垃圾的是游客，而不是当地人，故D项为正确答案。新闻中明确提 到，一个路人将那几位游客的善举录下来并发布到网上，故A项表述错误。其余两个选项新闻均未提及，可排除。
8.为什么男士周六早上不能去跑步?
A）他必须和同事踢足球。
B）他有几本书要读。
C）他要去拜访一位朋友。
D）他的身体状况不适合。
解析：在对话一开始，女士询问男士是否愿意周六早上和他们一起沿着运河跑步，男士说他很想去，但是他在上周末和同事踢足球时伤到了脚踝，所以他的身体状况不适合去跑步，故答案是D项。男士上周末和同事踢了足球，没有说周六早上也要踢足球，故排除A项；在对话末尾，男士提到自己脚受伤后一直在读书，但是这并非他周六早上不能去跑步的直接原因，故排除B项；C项对话中没有提到，故排除。
9.为什么女士全家下周六都要去动物园？
A）教孩子们保护动物。
B）了解动物园有多受欢迎。
C）看看笼子里的珍稀动物。
D）带她的小侄子去玩。
解析：在对话中，女士提到下周六她要去动物园，因为她的小侄子很喜欢动物园，所以她全家都要陪他去，故答案为D项。女士提到现在的动物园远不如他们小时候那么受欢迎了，但她全家去动物园并非是为了了解动物园有多受欢迎，故排除B项；女士提到她个人很同情那些被关在笼子里的可怜动物，C项“看看笼子里的珍稀动物”的 “珍稀动物”与此不一致，也不是她去动物园的目的，故排除；A项在对话中没有相关信息，故也排除。
10.从男士的描述中, 我们对丹有什么了解？
A）他身体非常健康。
B）他热衷于极限运动。
C）他每周都训练网球运动员。
D）他把大部分时间都花在健身房里。
解析：对话中男士和女士都对丹有一些评价，其中男士提到，丹的身体非常强健，所以答案为A项。女士提到，丹总是热衷于体育活动，B项的“极限运动”与此信息不一致，故排除；男士提到，丹每周还打两三次网球，C项的“训练网球运动员”与此信息不一致，故排除；男士提到，丹大多数日子(most days)都去健 身房，这和D项“他把大部分时间都花在健身房里”语义有差别，most days表示大多数日子，指去的次数频繁，但他在健身房待的时间长短未知，most of his time(他的大部分时间)则表示他几乎每天都花大量的时间在健身房，故排除D项。
11.从上周末开始，男士一直在做什么?
A)护理他肿胀的脚踝。
B)专心读书。
C)写三份读书报告。
D)计划圣诞节庆祝活动。
解析：在话一开始，男士提到自己上个周末和同事踢足球的时候伤到了脚踝，在对话最后，女士问男士他脚踝肿了后都在忙什么,男士回答道他一直忙着读一些书，综合两处信息可知，从上周末伤了脚踝后，男士一直都在专心读书，故选B项。男士提到自己一直在读圣诞节期间收到的三本书，但并没有提到自己在写三份读书报告，故排除C项；A 项和D项对话中都没有相关信息，故均排除。
12.关于男士最近出版的书，我们了解到什么?
A) 数百位退休人员正在讨论它。
B) 它吸引了许多人的关注。
C) 它部分记录了他自己的经历。
D) 它主张延迟退休。
解析：在访谈一开始，女士提到男士的书当下受到很多人的关注，所以答案为B项。访谈中男士提到在为这本书做调研时，他采访了数百位在40岁之前退休的人，A 项与此信息不符，故排除；女士提到男士的书中写道 大多数人都可以在40岁之前退休，所以书中主张的是提前退休，而不是延迟退休，故排除D 项 ；C 项在访谈中没有相关信息，故也排除。
13.女士读过的文章提供了什么建议?
A)人们应该预见到金融危机。
B) 人们应该相信理财规划师的数据。
C) 人们应该有一百万美元才能退休。
D) 人们应该尽早开始储蓄。
解析：在访谈中，女士提了一个问题，即一个人需要多少钱才能退休，然后她说自己读过一些文章，建议将一百万美元作为退休的理想数字，也就是说，一个人应该有一百万美元才能退休，所以正确答案是C项。虽然访谈中男士提到大多数理财规划师都会给出数字，即退休储备金额，但女士读的文章并没有建议应该相信理财规划师的数据，故排除B项；虽然女士提到人们应该有额外的现金以备不时之需，但没有提到尽早开始储蓄，这也不是女士读的文章提供的建议，故排除D 项；选项A在访谈中没有相关信息，故也排除。
14.关于退休, 男士说了什么？
A）它无需是永久性的。
B）不应该认为它是有风险的。
C）它有助于减少旅行支出。
D）它是辞去讨厌的工作的方式。
解析：在访谈中，男士提到有太多人因为害怕而终其一生都在从事自己讨厌的工作，所以他建议人们去冒险，而且他补充说退休不一定是永久性的，如果人们需要，他们可以回去工作，所以正确答案是A 项。男上提到他建议人们去冒险，即辞去工作，早点退休，但男士并未提及退休是否有风险，故排除B项；男士提到有 太多人因为害怕而终其一生都在从事自己讨厌的工作，但并非是说，退休是辞去讨厌的工作的方式，故排 除D项；C项在访谈中没有相关信息，故也排除。
15.关于男士提出的退休的建议，他说如何实施?
A)通过与雇主保持密切联系。
B)通过到六十岁时再退休。
C)通过将每月收入的一半用于投资。
D)通过听从理财规划师的建议
解析：在访谈最后，女士提出问题，即如何在40岁之前就存够钱退休呢?男士提供的方法包括减少住房、食物和交通开支，并把每月收入的一半用来投资，C项与此信息一致，故为正确答案。其他选项在访谈中都没有 提到，均排除。
16.美国关于消费者食物选择的新研究发现了什么?
A) 它们往往很容易被自己种族的人预测到。
B) 它们往往会被对立群体的个人任意评判。
C) 它们很容易在同一社会或种族群体的成员之间共享。
D) 它们受到了来自外部群体的人的影响。
解析：文中提到，这项研究发现，与来自同种族的观察者在场时相比，大学生更有可能在与自己不同种族的观察者在场的情况下选择健康食品。比起与同大学的人在一起时，当他们与来自不同大学的人在一起时，也是如 此。研究人员表示，这是因为参与者预测外部群体会做出更多的负面评判。由此可知，消费者食物选择受到了 来自外部群体的人的影响。选项D与文章内容一致，因此为正确答案。选项A、B和C文章中均未提及，故排除。
17.实验中31%的学生什么时候选择了更健康的食物?
A)当他们试图给研究人员留下一个积极的印象时。
B)当一个来自另一所大学的陌生学生在场时。
C) 当研究小组的实验者注意到的时候。
D) 当他们得到糖果和水果作为零食的时候。
解析：文章中提到，当有一个来自自己大学的陌生学生在场时，只有12%的学生选择了更健康的食物。然而，当有一个来自另一所大学的陌生学生在场时，这一数字为31%。选项B 与文章内容一致，因此为正确答案。选项A 、C和D文章中均未提及，故排除。
18.根据这项新研究的发现，如何促进健康饮食?
A)通过宜传其社会效益。
B)通过向消费者传授饮食策略。
C)通过支持苦苦挣扎的消费者。
D)通过维持其正面形象。
解析：文最后提到，这项研究发现，促进健康饮食的一种方法可能是宣传健康选择的社会效益。选项A与文章内容一致，因此为正确答案。选项B 、C和D文章中均未提及，故排除。
19.帕特里夏·彭德里最近主导的这项研究旨在调查什么?
A) 陷入困境的学生遇到的学术和学业问题。
B) 学生因有精神健康问题史而面临的风险。
C) 与治疗犬互动对承受压力的学生的影响
D) 大学为帮助学生在学业上取得成功所做的工作。
解析：文章开头提到，最近的一项研究发现，对于承受压力的大学生来说，狗可能是最好的减压帮手。随后主导这项研究的帕特里夏 ·彭德里说道：这项研究表明，与专注于提供跟治疗犬互动机会的项目相比，传统的 压力管理方法对这人群并没有那么有效。由此可知，这项研究旨在调查与治疗犬互动对承受压力的学生的 影响。选项C 与文章内容一致，因此为正确答案。A、B、D 三项在文中均有提及，但都不是这项研究的调查目的，故排除。
20.这项新研究评估了参与者的什么?
A)他们的沟通技巧。
B )他们的执行功能 。
C)他们的学术网络。
D)他们的领导能力。
解析：文章中提到，研究人员评估了参与研究的学生的执行功能。选项B与文章内容一致，因此为正确答案。选 项A 、C和D文章中均未提及，故排除。
21.帕特里夏·彭德里认为传统的压力管理课程可能有什么影响?
A)消除学生的焦虑。
B)增加一些学生的压力。
C)对典型学生的成功帮助甚微。
D)帮助有心理问题的学生渡过难关。
解析：文章最后提到，彭德里承认这些研讨会帮助典型的学生取得成功。但它们对陷入困境的学生帮助甚微。彭德里认为，这些学生可能会把这些课程当成另一种形式的讲座，并感到更有压力。也就是说，这些课程会 给陷入困境的学生增加压力，选项B与文章内容一致，因此为正确答案。这些研讨会帮助典型的学生取得 成功，而对陷入困境的学生帮助甚微，选项A以偏概全，选项C和D表述与文章内容相悖，故均排除。
22.根据文章，企业家在承担风险时需要做什么?
A)努力工作，悉心规划。
B)不惜任何代价取得成功。
C)志存高远，期望取得好的成果。
D)即使在困难中也要保持乐观。
解析：文章开头提到，在商业中承担风险并不意味着盲目地创业，然后期望取得好的成果。相反，在创业中承担风险需要悉心规划和努力工作。选项A 与文章内容一致，因此为正确答案。选项B、C和D 文章中均未提及，故排除。
23.文章认为企业发展的关键是什么?
A)认为失败是不可避免的事情。
B)尝试创新的营销策略
C)涉足从未探索过的领域。
D)愿意尝试新颖的想法 。
解析：文章中提到，愿意尝试新想法是企业发展的关键。选项D与文章内容一致，因此为正确答案。选项A、B和C文章中均未提及，故排除。
24.失败时，建议我们做什么?
A)期待未来的成功，以便继续前进。
B) 从失败中吸取教训，勇往直前。
C)区分好的风险和不良风险。
D)检查我们的策略并找出弱点。
解析：文章中提到，失败时，要从中吸取教训，继续前进。选项B与文章内容一致，因此为正确答案。文章中提到并非所有的风险都是好的，但这并不是建议我们区分好的风险和不良风险，故排除选项C。选项A和D文章中均未提及，故排除。
25.当大多数人都倾向于规避风险时，这对于承担风险的企业来说意味着什么?
A)更新的提议。
B)更安全的运作。
C)更多的挑战。
D)更少的竞争。
解析：文章中提到，由于大多数人都倾向于规避风险，因此勇于承担风险的企业已经具有竞争优势。简单地说当大多数人远离风险时，就意味着风险承担者的竞争会减少。选项D与文章内容一致，因此为正确答案。文章提及，勇于承担风险的企业是用新的想法、新的提议和大胆的发明来树立标准，选项A是根据文章中出现的fresh offers而设置的干扰项，故排除。选项B和C文章中均未提及，故排除。
