"牛桥"是什么意思？为什么牛津大学和剑桥大学会有这么多的共同之处呢
今天的这段对话，在讨论牛桥，
"牛桥"是什么意思？为什么牛津大学和剑桥大学会有这么多的共同之处呢
来听今天的讲解:
A: Excuse me, would you please let me in?
打扰一下，可以让我进去吗？
B: Ok!
好的！
After Lucy sit down, they chat with each other joyfully,
(露西入座后，他们聊得很投机。）
B: Hi, I’m Felix. Nice to meet you!
你好，我是菲利克斯。很高兴认识你！
A: Lucy, nice to meet you too!
我是露西，我也很局兴认识你！
B: Are you coming to Britain to have a trip?
你也是来英国旅游的吗？
A: No, I’m going to France to have a trip! I was bom and grew up in Oxford, and found a job in London.
不，我是去法国旅游！我出生在牛津市，并在伦敦找到了工作。
B: Oxford? Great! I just have a question... I heard the word “Oxbridge” many times during my journey. I don’t quite understand. Could you explain it to me?
牛津市？棒极了！我正有个疑问……在旅途中我多次听到了 "牛桥"这个词。 我不是很明白它的意思。你可以给我讲讲吗？
A: Certainly! “Oxford” is a portmanteau of the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge, as they have a large number of similarities.
当然可以！"牛桥”是牛津大学和剑桥大学的混合词，因为它们有很多相似之处。
B: Yet why not “Camford”？
但为什么不是“剑津”呢？
A: Well, “Camford” is also used by people, but not so frequently.
“剑津”也被人们使用，只不过频率不高而已。
B: I see. Why do the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge have so many common features?
我明白了。为什么牛津大学和剑桥大学会有这么多的共同之处呢？
A: It relates to the history of the two universities. Actually, they share the same founders. The Cambridge University was established by the scholars taking refuge from Oxford in 1209, when there were severe riots between town and gown.
这就关系到两校的历史了。其实，它们有着共同的创建者。剑桥大学是由从牛津大学逃离的学者们于1209年建立的，那时城镇里的居民和大学生之间发生了很严重的暴力事件。
B: I just know both universities comprise lots of buildings of great beauty and antiquity，sited on level terrain near slow-moving rivers. What other similarities do they have?
我只知道两校都有很多相当漂亮而且古老的建筑，并且都建在小河旁边的平地上。它们还有什么别的相似之处吗？
A: So much! For instance, they have the similar collegiate structure, teaching system, approaches to undergraduate admissions, and so on. Both of them contain more than 30 self-governing colleges; both of them are in the special “supervision” or “tutorial” system; both of them have a long history of more than 800 years.
太多了！比如：它们有类似的学院结构、教育制度、本科生录取机制等。它们都是由30多个自治的学院组成的，都釆用独特的导师制，都有800多年的悠久历史。
B: Though there are so many common features, differences also exist between the two universities, right?
虽然有这么多的共同点，但是这两所大学之间也存在差异，对吧？
A: Yeah! Firstly, there are differences in the terminology used at the two universities. For example, the student activity room is often referred to as “Common Room” at Oxford, whereas in Cambridge it is sometimes “Combination Room"； the large enclosed squares of grass found in most colleges are referred to as “quadrangles” (or “quads”）in Oxford and “courts’，in Cambridge.
是的！首先，两校的用语有很大的不同。例如：学生活动室在牛津是“公用室”，到了剑桥就成了 “混合室”；牛津的内院叫做方庭，剑桥叫做大院。
B: Oh! I also know that counselor is called “Tutor” at Oxford, while it is called “Supervisor” in Cambridge.
噢！我也知道一个，老师在牛津被称作"导师"，而在剑桥却被称作"辅导老师”。
A: You’re right! They arrange examinations in a different way. Cambridge students generally sit examinations at the end of every year, while Oxford students only sit two sets of examinations in the first two years, and one at the end of their final year.
你说得很对！它们在考试安排方面也有所不同。剑桥的学生们一般每年都要考试，而牛津的学生们仅仅在第一年有两次考试，然后在最后一年的期末有一次考试。
B:Well, the differences seem to be very slight.
恩，起来这只是些很细微的不同之处啊！
A: Absolutely, never forget that they are born in the same root.
绝对的，你別忘了它们本是同根生啊！
B: Aha! It's amazing! They just like twins!
啊哈！真有趣！它们简直就像是双胞胎！
A: Yeah! It’s the case! Most Oxford colleges have a sister college in Cambridge, and some sister colleges are in the same name, such as Jesus College at Oxford and Jesus College at Cambridge. However, not all Oxford colleges have a sister college in Cambridge, because Oxford has more colleges than Cambridge.
是啊！也可以这么说丨大部分牛津学院在剑桥都有一个姐妹学院，而且一些姐妹学院有着同样的名称，比如牛津大学耶稣学院和剑桥大学耶稣学院。但是，并不是所有的牛津学院在剑桥都有一个姐妹学院，因为牛津的学院要比剑桥的多。
B: Marvelous! It’s very nice to have a talk with you. I need to wet my whistle. I’m just going to grab a drink. Do you want one?
太神奋了！踉你聊天非常开心。我想喝点东西。我现在去拿，你要吗？
A: No! Thank you all the time!
不了！谢谢！
B: My pleasure!
别客气！
"牛桥"是什么意思？为什么牛津大学和剑桥大学会有这么多的共同之处呢
来听今天的讲解:
A: Excuse me, would you please let me in?
打扰一下，可以让我进去吗？
B: Ok!
好的！
After Lucy sit down, they chat with each other joyfully,
(露西入座后，他们聊得很投机。）
B: Hi, I’m Felix. Nice to meet you!
你好，我是菲利克斯。很高兴认识你！
A: Lucy, nice to meet you too!
我是露西，我也很局兴认识你！
B: Are you coming to Britain to have a trip?
你也是来英国旅游的吗？
A: No, I’m going to France to have a trip! I was bom and grew up in Oxford, and found a job in London.
不，我是去法国旅游！我出生在牛津市，并在伦敦找到了工作。
B: Oxford? Great! I just have a question... I heard the word “Oxbridge” many times during my journey. I don’t quite understand. Could you explain it to me?
牛津市？棒极了！我正有个疑问……在旅途中我多次听到了 "牛桥"这个词。 我不是很明白它的意思。你可以给我讲讲吗？
A: Certainly! “Oxford” is a portmanteau of the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge, as they have a large number of similarities.
当然可以！"牛桥”是牛津大学和剑桥大学的混合词，因为它们有很多相似之处。
B: Yet why not “Camford”？
但为什么不是“剑津”呢？
A: Well, “Camford” is also used by people, but not so frequently.
“剑津”也被人们使用，只不过频率不高而已。
B: I see. Why do the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge have so many common features?
我明白了。为什么牛津大学和剑桥大学会有这么多的共同之处呢？
A: It relates to the history of the two universities. Actually, they share the same founders. The Cambridge University was established by the scholars taking refuge from Oxford in 1209, when there were severe riots between town and gown.
这就关系到两校的历史了。其实，它们有着共同的创建者。剑桥大学是由从牛津大学逃离的学者们于1209年建立的，那时城镇里的居民和大学生之间发生了很严重的暴力事件。
B: I just know both universities comprise lots of buildings of great beauty and antiquity，sited on level terrain near slow-moving rivers. What other similarities do they have?
我只知道两校都有很多相当漂亮而且古老的建筑，并且都建在小河旁边的平地上。它们还有什么别的相似之处吗？
A: So much! For instance, they have the similar collegiate structure, teaching system, approaches to undergraduate admissions, and so on. Both of them contain more than 30 self-governing colleges; both of them are in the special “supervision” or “tutorial” system; both of them have a long history of more than 800 years.
太多了！比如：它们有类似的学院结构、教育制度、本科生录取机制等。它们都是由30多个自治的学院组成的，都釆用独特的导师制，都有800多年的悠久历史。
B: Though there are so many common features, differences also exist between the two universities, right?
虽然有这么多的共同点，但是这两所大学之间也存在差异，对吧？
A: Yeah! Firstly, there are differences in the terminology used at the two universities. For example, the student activity room is often referred to as “Common Room” at Oxford, whereas in Cambridge it is sometimes “Combination Room"； the large enclosed squares of grass found in most colleges are referred to as “quadrangles” (or “quads”）in Oxford and “courts’，in Cambridge.
是的！首先，两校的用语有很大的不同。例如：学生活动室在牛津是“公用室”，到了剑桥就成了 “混合室”；牛津的内院叫做方庭，剑桥叫做大院。
B: Oh! I also know that counselor is called “Tutor” at Oxford, while it is called “Supervisor” in Cambridge.
噢！我也知道一个，老师在牛津被称作"导师"，而在剑桥却被称作"辅导老师”。
A: You’re right! They arrange examinations in a different way. Cambridge students generally sit examinations at the end of every year, while Oxford students only sit two sets of examinations in the first two years, and one at the end of their final year.
你说得很对！它们在考试安排方面也有所不同。剑桥的学生们一般每年都要考试，而牛津的学生们仅仅在第一年有两次考试，然后在最后一年的期末有一次考试。
B:Well, the differences seem to be very slight.
恩，起来这只是些很细微的不同之处啊！
A: Absolutely, never forget that they are born in the same root.
绝对的，你別忘了它们本是同根生啊！
B: Aha! It's amazing! They just like twins!
啊哈！真有趣！它们简直就像是双胞胎！
A: Yeah! It’s the case! Most Oxford colleges have a sister college in Cambridge, and some sister colleges are in the same name, such as Jesus College at Oxford and Jesus College at Cambridge. However, not all Oxford colleges have a sister college in Cambridge, because Oxford has more colleges than Cambridge.
是啊！也可以这么说丨大部分牛津学院在剑桥都有一个姐妹学院，而且一些姐妹学院有着同样的名称，比如牛津大学耶稣学院和剑桥大学耶稣学院。但是，并不是所有的牛津学院在剑桥都有一个姐妹学院，因为牛津的学院要比剑桥的多。
B: Marvelous! It’s very nice to have a talk with you. I need to wet my whistle. I’m just going to grab a drink. Do you want one?
太神奋了！踉你聊天非常开心。我想喝点东西。我现在去拿，你要吗？
A: No! Thank you all the time!
不了！谢谢！
B: My pleasure!
别客气！
