聊一聊卡文迪什实验室的起源，卡文迪什实验室现在的情况怎么样
今天的这段对话，在讨论卡文迪什实验室，
聊一聊卡文迪什实验室的起源，卡文迪什实验室现在的情况怎么样
来听今天的讲解:
A: It's October now，and Nobel Prize Winners are usually announced in this month. I wonder who will be the winners of this year’s Nobel Prize in Physics.
现在是十月，诺贝尔奖获得者通常会在这个月公布。我在想今年的诺贝尔物理学奖会颁结谁呢？
B: Well, maybe the winners will be scientists who work in Cavendish Laboratory. There are 29 Nobel Prize winners in the history of Cavendish after all.
可能得奖者会是在卡文迪什实验室工作的科学家吧。毕竟在卡文迪什实验窒的历史上，总共有29位科学家获得诺贝尔奖。
A: Twenty-nine winners! That’s the brilliant achievement.
29位获奖者，这个成就寘是辉煌啊！
B: The Cavendish Laboratory is the Department of Physics of the University of Cambridge. The Department is itself part of the School of Physical Sciences.
卡文迪什实验室是剑桥大学的物理系。而这个物理系本身就是（剑桥大学）物理科学学院的 一部分。
A: It was built in 1873 as a teaching laboratory. It was initially on Free School Lane, in the centre of Cambridge. After perennial space problems, it moved West Cambridge, in the early 1970s.
这个实验室始建于1873年，当时是作为教学实验室使用的。它最初位于剑桥大学中心一个 叫"自由学派巷"的小巷子。被持续多年的空间问题困扰着，后来卡文迪什实验室于20世纪 70年代早期搬到了剑桥西区。
B: The need for the practical training of scientists and engineers was emphasized by the success of the Great Exhibition of 1851 and the requirements of an industrial society.
1851年伦敦万国博览会的成功举办，凸显了通过实践培养人才的重要性。而工业社会要发展也需要通过实践培养更多的科学家和工程师。
A: William Cavendish, the Seventh Duke of Devonshire, provided ￡6,300 to meet the costs of building a physics laboratory, on condition that Cambridge provided the funding for a Professorship① of Experimental Physics.
在剑桥大学保证为实验物理教授提供一定资助后，德文郡七世公爵威廉卡文迪什出资6300英镑为剑桥建了一间物理实验室。
B: Cavendish has been in the center of Physics for a long time. It has an extraordinary history of discovery and innovation in Physics since its opening in 1874, so it is not surprising that there are so many Nobel Prize Winners who come from Cavendish.
很长一段时间以来，卡文迪什实验室一直是物理学的中心。自1874年建成以来，它就在物理学的探索和创新上创造了辉煌的历史。所以卡文迪什实验室出现过那么多诺贝尔奖获得者并不令人感到惊讶。
A: I also heard that Cavendish has a long history and it plays an important role in the development of Cambridge. Oh! I remember that Watson and Crick, the discoverers of the DNA structure also worked in Cavendish.
我也听说卡文迪什实验室有很悠久的历史，它在剑桥大学的发展历程中起到了重要的作用。啊！我想起来了，DNA结构的发现者沃森和克里克就曾在卡文迪什实验室工作过。
B: Yes. Crick had already worked in the Cavendish Laboratory when Watson came from the U.S.A. and together they discovered the DNA double helix. The Cavendish、 Laboratory has had important influence on biology, mainly through the application of X-ray crystallography to the study of structures of biological molecules.
是的。当沃森从美国来到卡文迪什实验室时克里克已经在那工作了，他们两人一起发现了 DMA的双螺旋结构。卡文迪什实验室对生物学有重要影响，因为它将X射线结晶学应用到了生物分子结构的研究当中。
A: It seems that Cavendish is influential not only in Physics, but also in many other areas.
看起来卡文迪什实验室不仅在物理学领域，而且在其他很多领域都颇具影响力。
B: Do you know whom the Cavendish Laboratory is named after?
你知道卡文迪什实验室是以谁的名字命名的吗？
A: Of course, it is named after William Cavendish，because he gives money to endow the laboratory in memory of his learned relative.
我当然知道，它是以威廉卡文迪什的名字命名的，因为威廉卡文迪什捐了一大笔钱绾这个实验室，以纪念他博学的亲戚。
B: His learned relative? Who he is?
他博学的亲戚？是谁？
A: He is Henry Cavendish, a famous physicist. He is famous for the discovery of hydrogen and Cavendish experiment.
他就是亨利卡文迪什，著名的物理学家。他以发现氢和做出卡文迪什实验而出名。
B: Oh, I have read an article about the Cavendish experiment. This is the first experiment to measure the force of gravity in the laboratory, and the first to yield accurate values for the gravitational constant and the mass of the Earth.
我在一篇文章上看到过卡文迪什实验。这是首次能在实验室中测试出重力的实验。这次实验也首次得出重力常数和地球质量的精确数值。
A:What is the current situation of Cavendish?
卡文迪什实验室现在的情况怎么样？
B: Currently there are 65 teaching staff, approximately 150 postdoctoral fellows, and about 250 graduate students. There are 700 people at large, including administrative and technical support staff. Total research grant income was over ￡14m in 2004, and has roughly doubled in the last decade.
现在该实验室有65名教员，近150名博士后研究生，约250名研究生。包括行政人员和教辅人员在内，该实验室总共有700人。2004年，实验室总的研究赞助经费超过1400万英镑，赞助经费在上一个10年中增长了一倍左右。
聊一聊卡文迪什实验室的起源，卡文迪什实验室现在的情况怎么样
来听今天的讲解:
A: It's October now，and Nobel Prize Winners are usually announced in this month. I wonder who will be the winners of this year’s Nobel Prize in Physics.
现在是十月，诺贝尔奖获得者通常会在这个月公布。我在想今年的诺贝尔物理学奖会颁结谁呢？
B: Well, maybe the winners will be scientists who work in Cavendish Laboratory. There are 29 Nobel Prize winners in the history of Cavendish after all.
可能得奖者会是在卡文迪什实验室工作的科学家吧。毕竟在卡文迪什实验窒的历史上，总共有29位科学家获得诺贝尔奖。
A: Twenty-nine winners! That’s the brilliant achievement.
29位获奖者，这个成就寘是辉煌啊！
B: The Cavendish Laboratory is the Department of Physics of the University of Cambridge. The Department is itself part of the School of Physical Sciences.
卡文迪什实验室是剑桥大学的物理系。而这个物理系本身就是（剑桥大学）物理科学学院的 一部分。
A: It was built in 1873 as a teaching laboratory. It was initially on Free School Lane, in the centre of Cambridge. After perennial space problems, it moved West Cambridge, in the early 1970s.
这个实验室始建于1873年，当时是作为教学实验室使用的。它最初位于剑桥大学中心一个 叫"自由学派巷"的小巷子。被持续多年的空间问题困扰着，后来卡文迪什实验室于20世纪 70年代早期搬到了剑桥西区。
B: The need for the practical training of scientists and engineers was emphasized by the success of the Great Exhibition of 1851 and the requirements of an industrial society.
1851年伦敦万国博览会的成功举办，凸显了通过实践培养人才的重要性。而工业社会要发展也需要通过实践培养更多的科学家和工程师。
A: William Cavendish, the Seventh Duke of Devonshire, provided ￡6,300 to meet the costs of building a physics laboratory, on condition that Cambridge provided the funding for a Professorship① of Experimental Physics.
在剑桥大学保证为实验物理教授提供一定资助后，德文郡七世公爵威廉卡文迪什出资6300英镑为剑桥建了一间物理实验室。
B: Cavendish has been in the center of Physics for a long time. It has an extraordinary history of discovery and innovation in Physics since its opening in 1874, so it is not surprising that there are so many Nobel Prize Winners who come from Cavendish.
很长一段时间以来，卡文迪什实验室一直是物理学的中心。自1874年建成以来，它就在物理学的探索和创新上创造了辉煌的历史。所以卡文迪什实验室出现过那么多诺贝尔奖获得者并不令人感到惊讶。
A: I also heard that Cavendish has a long history and it plays an important role in the development of Cambridge. Oh! I remember that Watson and Crick, the discoverers of the DNA structure also worked in Cavendish.
我也听说卡文迪什实验室有很悠久的历史，它在剑桥大学的发展历程中起到了重要的作用。啊！我想起来了，DNA结构的发现者沃森和克里克就曾在卡文迪什实验室工作过。
B: Yes. Crick had already worked in the Cavendish Laboratory when Watson came from the U.S.A. and together they discovered the DNA double helix. The Cavendish、 Laboratory has had important influence on biology, mainly through the application of X-ray crystallography to the study of structures of biological molecules.
是的。当沃森从美国来到卡文迪什实验室时克里克已经在那工作了，他们两人一起发现了 DMA的双螺旋结构。卡文迪什实验室对生物学有重要影响，因为它将X射线结晶学应用到了生物分子结构的研究当中。
A: It seems that Cavendish is influential not only in Physics, but also in many other areas.
看起来卡文迪什实验室不仅在物理学领域，而且在其他很多领域都颇具影响力。
B: Do you know whom the Cavendish Laboratory is named after?
你知道卡文迪什实验室是以谁的名字命名的吗？
A: Of course, it is named after William Cavendish，because he gives money to endow the laboratory in memory of his learned relative.
我当然知道，它是以威廉卡文迪什的名字命名的，因为威廉卡文迪什捐了一大笔钱绾这个实验室，以纪念他博学的亲戚。
B: His learned relative? Who he is?
他博学的亲戚？是谁？
A: He is Henry Cavendish, a famous physicist. He is famous for the discovery of hydrogen and Cavendish experiment.
他就是亨利卡文迪什，著名的物理学家。他以发现氢和做出卡文迪什实验而出名。
B: Oh, I have read an article about the Cavendish experiment. This is the first experiment to measure the force of gravity in the laboratory, and the first to yield accurate values for the gravitational constant and the mass of the Earth.
我在一篇文章上看到过卡文迪什实验。这是首次能在实验室中测试出重力的实验。这次实验也首次得出重力常数和地球质量的精确数值。
A:What is the current situation of Cavendish?
卡文迪什实验室现在的情况怎么样？
B: Currently there are 65 teaching staff, approximately 150 postdoctoral fellows, and about 250 graduate students. There are 700 people at large, including administrative and technical support staff. Total research grant income was over ￡14m in 2004, and has roughly doubled in the last decade.
现在该实验室有65名教员，近150名博士后研究生，约250名研究生。包括行政人员和教辅人员在内，该实验室总共有700人。2004年，实验室总的研究赞助经费超过1400万英镑，赞助经费在上一个10年中增长了一倍左右。
