2023年12月英语六级真题听力第一套（5）
英文原文
recording one
what makes humans different from other species
什么使人类与其他物种不同
some philosophers argue its morals or ethics
一些哲学家认为是道德或伦理
while some scientists assert its our greater cognitive development
而一些科学家则认为是我们的认知发展更高级
but I argue that the main difference is our desire to combat routine
但我认为主要的区别在于我们不赞成日常惯例的渴望
this makes being creative a biological mandate
这使得创造力成为了一种生物本能
as what we seek in art and technology is surprise, not simply a fulfillment of expectations
因为我们在艺术和技术中追求的是惊喜，而不仅仅是满足预期
as a result, a wild imagination has characterized the history of our species
因此，丰富的想象力成为了我们物种历史的特征
we build intricate habitats, devise complex recipes for our food
我们建造复杂的栖息地，为我们的食物设计复杂的食谱
wear clothes that reflect constant changes in fashion
穿着反映时尚不断变化的衣服
communicate with elaborate signs, symbols and sounds
用精致的符号、标志和声音交流
and travel between habitats on wings and wheels of our own design
在我们自己设计的翅膀和轮子上在不同栖息地之间旅行
to satisfy our appetite for novelty, innovation is key
为了满足我们对新奇事物的渴望，创新是关键
but who innovates?
但谁来进行创新？
now many people, both laymen and experts, believe that only geniuses innovate
现在，许多普通人和专家都认为只有天才才能创新
but I believe that innovation is not something that only a few people do
但我认为创新并不是只有少数人才能做到的事
the innovative drive lives in every human brain
创新的驱动力存在于每个人的大脑中
and the resulting war against the repetitive is what powers the massive changes that distinguish one generation from the next
由此产生的与重复的竞争是推动一代又一代之间巨大变化的力量
the drive to create the new is a trait of being human
创造新事物的驱动力是人类的一个特征
we build cultures by the hundreds and tell new stories by the millions
我们创造了数百种文化，讲述了数百万个新故事
we create and surround ourselves with things that have never existed before
我们创造并围绕着自己从未存在过的事物
while animals do not
而动物则不会这样做
but where do our new ideas come from?
但我们的新想法来自哪里？
according to many, new ideas come from seemingly nowhere to great minds
据许多人所说，新想法似乎来自伟大头脑的凭空产生
from this perspective, new ideas are almost like magic
从这个角度看，新想法几乎就像魔法一样
they come in a flash of inspiration to a select view
它们像灵感一闪而现，只针对少数人
however, the reality is that across the spectrum of human activities, prior work propels the creative process
然而，现实是，在人类活动的各个领域，先前的工作推动了创新过程
we may think of innovation as being the result of inspiration or genius
我们可能会认为创新是灵感或天才的结果
but it's really the result of developing the ideas of others further
但这实际上是进一步发展他人想法的结果
this happens in technology, where one invention enables or inspires further inventions
这在技术中发生，一项发明使或启发进一步的发明
and it happens in the arts, as writers, composers, and painters use the work of previous artists in their own work
这在艺术中也发生，作家、作曲家和画家在他们的作品中使用以前艺术家的作品
the human brain works from precedent
人类大脑基于先例工作
we take the ideas we've inherited and put them together into some new shape
我们继承的想法并将它们组合成新的形式
what is a true creator?
什么是真正的创造者？
is a creator a genius who makes something out of nothing?
创造者是一个从无中创造有物的天才吗？
no, creators are simply humans who use what they inherit, who absorb the past and manipulate it to create possible futures
不，创造者只是使用他们所继承的东西的人类，他们吸收过去并控制它以创造可能的未来
thus, humans are creators as a rule, rather than as an exception
因此，人类通常是创造者，而不是例外
question 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard
问题16到18基于你刚才听到的录音
question 16
what question does the speaker address in this talk?
问题16：演讲者在这段演讲中提出了什么问题？
question 17
what does the speaker believe about innovation?
问题17：演讲者如何看待创新？
question 18
how does the human brain work according to the speaker?
问题18：根据演讲者，人类大脑是如何工作的？
