在冠状病毒流行病期间，30岁以上的美国人的饮酒量一直在增加

在冠状病毒流行病期间，30岁以上的美国人的饮酒量一直在增加

Americans over 30 have been drinking more during the coronavirus pandemic compared to this time last year, and there could be consequences to their physical and mental health, researchers reported Tuesday.

研究人员周二报告称，与去年同期相比，30岁以上的美国人在冠状病毒流行病期间饮酒过量，这可能会对他们的身心健康造成影响。

Overall frequency of alcohol consumption increased by about 14% from 2019, the researchers reported in the journal JAMA Network Open. That increase averages out to about one additional drinking day per month by 75% of adults.

研究人员在《JAMA网络开放》杂志上报告说，从2019年开始，饮酒的总体频率增加了约14%。75%的成年人平均每月多饮酒一天。

RAND Corporation sociologist Michael Pollard and colleagues analyzed a nationally representative sample of 1,540 people ages 30 to 80. The participants completed a survey about their drinking habits between April 29 and June 9 of 2019 and then again between May 28 and June 16 of 2020.

兰德公司的社会学家迈克尔·波拉德和他的同事们分析了全国范围内具有代表性的1540名年龄在30到80岁之间的人。参与者在2019年4月29日至6月9日之间完成了一项关于他们饮酒习惯的调查，并在2020年5月28日至6月16日之间再次完成了一次调查。

The volunteers reported they drank alcohol on more days every week.

志愿者们报告说他们每周饮酒的天数增加了。

Frequency of drinking increased by 17% among women, 19% among people aged 30 to 59 and by 10% among White people.

女性饮酒频率增加了17%，30 - 59岁人群增加了19%，白人增加了10%。

Nearly one in 10 women, or 39%, reported an increase in alcohol-related problems, the researchers found.

研究人员发现，近十分之一(39%)的女性报告说，与酒精相关的问题有所增加。

"At times of lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic, alcohol consumption can exacerbate health vulnerability, risk-taking behaviors, mental health issues and violence," the World Health Organization said in April.

世界卫生组织今年4月说:“在COVID-19流行病期间的封闭时期，饮酒会加剧健康脆弱性、冒险行为、心理健康问题和暴力。”

The researchers say it's important to watch for whether the increases in alcohol consumption persist over the pandemic, and whether there will be physical and mental health consequences as a result.

研究人员说，重要的是要关注饮酒的增加是否会在流行病期间持续下去，以及是否会因此对身心健康造成影响。

The uptick in drinking among adults isn't necessarily a surprise. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Director Dr. George Koob said that the US has seen similar increases in alcohol consumption during other times of crisis, like after the 9/11 terrorist attacks and some recent hurricanes.

成年人饮酒的增加并不一定令人惊讶。国家酒精滥用和酗酒研究所主任乔治·库布博士说，美国在其他危机时期也有类似的酒精消费量增长，比如911恐怖袭击和最近的一些飓风之后。

However, the increase in drinking during this crisis could be especially dangerous. Experts say it may actually increase the risk of Covid-19 spread and severe illness.

然而，这次危机期间饮酒的增加可能是特别危险的。专家表示，这可能会增加Covid-19传播和严重疾病的风险。

Not only is alcohol often consumed in crowded settings, like bars and parties, said Koob; it lowers a person's inhibitions, making it more likely people will allow close contact and talk more, raising the likelihood they could spread the virus.

库布说，酒精不仅经常在拥挤的环境中饮用，比如酒吧和聚会;它会降低一个人的抑制力，使人们更可能允许近距离接触和交谈，从而增加他们传播病毒的可能性。

Excessive alcohol use has been linked to a weakened immune system and other negative health effects, also.

过度饮酒还与免疫系统衰弱和其他负面健康影响有关。

"About half the people that have acute respiratory distress syndrome are individuals who have misused alcohol," said Koob. "We worry that if you're drinking excessively, that could set you up, if you contract the virus, with a more severe respiratory problem."

“大约有一半患有急性呼吸窘迫综合症的人都是滥用酒精的人，” 库布说。“我们担心，如果你过度饮酒，如果你感染病毒，可能会导致更严重的呼吸问题。”