疾病预防控制中心是如何警告医院准备应对冠状病毒短缺的

疾病预防控制中心是如何警告医院准备应对冠状病毒短缺的

Doctors reusing masks between patients. Nurses going to work, even if they've been exposed to the novel coronavirus, to meet demand.

医生在病人之间重复使用口罩。护士即使接触过新型冠状病毒，也要去工作，以满足需求。

And if their supplies run out -- staff having to replace face masks with bandanas or scarves.

如果他们的供应品用完了，工作人员就必须用头巾或围巾来替换口罩。

That is what hospitals in the United States, facing a surge of coronavirus patients, could look like as the pandemic worsens, according to contingency plans released by US health officials.

根据美国卫生官员发布的应急计划，随着疫情进一步恶化，面临冠状病毒患者激增的美国医院可能会出现这种情况。

These kinds of measures, designed to keep up with an influx of patients, are outlined in guidance issued by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. They reflect a growing crisis in hospitals across the United States: There are too many patients, doctors say, and not enough resources to treat them.

美国疾病控制与预防中心发布的指导文件中概述了这类措施，旨在应对涌入的患者。它们反映了美国各地医院日益严重的危机:医生说，病人太多，却没有足够的资源来治疗他们。

"It hasn't even really hit us yet, and we're already facing crisis proportions in the hospital," said one anesthesiologist in Boston, who spoke on the condition of anonymity out of concern for his job.

“它甚至还没有真正影响到我们，我们在医院里已经面临着严重的危机，”波士顿的一位麻醉师说，出于对工作的考虑，他要求匿名。

Reduce, reuse

减少使用，重复利用

Health care facilities facing a "crisis" may need to consider steps to ration face masks during the pandemic, even if those strategies "are not commensurate with U.S. standards of care," according to the CDC.

美国疾病控制与预防中心表示，面临“危机”的卫生保健机构可能需要考虑采取措施，在流感大流行期间对口罩实行定量配给，即使这些策略“与美国的医疗标准不相称”。

During shortages, the agency says health care providers should consider using masks beyond their designated shelf life and reusing them between multiple patients.

该机构表示，在口罩短缺的情况下，医护人员应该考虑使用超过指定保质期的口罩，并在多名患者之间重复使用。

"Our hospital announced that we were going to have to be reusing our PPE, which the CDC has already released guidance on doing this and trying to do it safely," said the Boston anesthesiologist. "I'm not convinced it can be done safely. I think that this is unnecessarily exposing providers to risk."

“我们的医院宣布，我们将不得不重新使用我们的个人防护装备，疾控中心已经发布了这样做的指导，并试图做到安全，”波士顿麻醉师说。“我不认为这样做是安全的。我认为这没有必要让医疗机构承担风险。”

Still, he admitted it's better than the alternative of running out completely -- a not-too-distant reality, especially for smaller hospitals.

不过，他承认，这比完全耗尽(医疗器材)的替代方案要好，这是一个不太遥远的现实，特别是对于较小的医院。

As a last resort, the agency said that health care providers could consider using "homemade masks" -- such as bandanas or scarves -- to care for coronavirus patients, ideally in combination with a face shield.

世卫组织表示，作为最后的手段，医护人员可以考虑使用“自制口罩”，比如头巾或围巾，来照顾冠状病毒患者，最好是与面罩结合使用。

CNN heard from multiple health care workers, speaking on the condition of anonymity, who felt that becoming infected was inevitable.

CNN从多名不愿透露姓名的医护人员那里得知，他们认为感染是不可避免的。

"I don't think the hospital is really going to keep us safe at all," said one OB-GYN in New York City.

“我认为医院根本不会保证我们的安全，”纽约的一位妇产科医生说。

According to CDC recommendations, health care providers exposed to coronavirus -- even those who show mild symptoms -- may also be advised to wear a face mask and continue treating patients.

根据美国疾病控制与预防中心的建议，接触到冠状病毒的医护人员——即使是那些表现出轻微症状的人，也可能被建议戴上口罩，继续治疗病人。

In New York City, local health officials have yet to go that far, telling health care workers in a Tuesday letter: "If you are sick, please stay home." But even those with a "high-risk exposure" to a confirmed coronavirus patient can continue to work, according to the letter, despite the fact that people may spread the virus without feeling ill.

在纽约市，地方卫生官员还没有做到这一点，他们在周二的一封信中告诉医护人员:“如果你生病了，请呆在家里。”信中说，即使是那些与确诊的冠状病毒患者有“高风险接触”的人也可以继续工作，尽管人们可能在不生病的情况下传播病毒。

'Somebody's got to do it'

总得有人去做

Health care workers told CNN they're worried that shortages of protective equipment -- and a lack of tests needed to identify infected patients -- may mean they're putting their families and vulnerable patients at risk.

医护人员告诉CNN，他们担心防护设备的短缺，以及识别感染患者所需的检测手段的缺乏，可能意味着他们将家人和弱势患者置于危险之中。

And some are frustrated that, despite recommendations from state and federal officials to postpone elective procedures, some hospitals continue to perform them, adding to the strain on resources and creating additional risks for exposure.

一些人感到沮丧的是，尽管州和联邦官员建议推迟择期手术，一些医院仍继续进行，增加了资源的压力，增加了暴露的风险。

"I'm intubating patients all day," said the Boston anesthesiologist. "Some of them are febrile. Very few have been tested 'cause we just don't have enough tests."

“我整天都在给病人插管，”波士顿麻醉师说。“有些人是发热的。很少有人接受过测试，因为我们没有足够的测试。”