Tinder、Grindr和其他应用程序与广告商共享敏感的个人数据

Tinder、Grindr和其他应用程序与广告商共享敏感的个人数据

A group of civil rights and consumer groups is urging federal and state regulators to examine a number of mobile apps, including popular dating apps Grindr, Tinder and OKCupid for allegedly sharing personal information with advertising companies.

一些民权和消费者组织敦促联邦和州监管机构审查一些移动应用程序，包括流行的约会应用Grindr、Tinder和OKCupid，因为它们涉嫌与广告公司共享个人信息。

The push by the privacy rights coalition follows a report published on Tuesday by the Norwegian Consumer Council found that 10 apps collect sensitive information including a user's exact location, sexual orientation, religious and political beliefs, drug use and other information and then transmits the personal data to at least 135 different third-party companies.

在隐私权联盟推动这一努力之前，挪威消费者委员会周二发布的一份报告发现，10款应用程序收集敏感信息，包括用户的确切位置、性取向、宗教和政治信仰、吸毒情况和其他信息，然后将个人数据传输到至少135家不同的第三方公司。

The data harvesting, according to the Norwegian government agency, appears to violate the European Union's rules intended to protect people's online data, known as the General Data Protection Regulation.

根据挪威政府机构的说法，这种数据收集似乎违反了欧盟旨在保护人们在线数据的规则，即一般数据保护条例。

In the U.S., consumer groups are equally alarmed. The group urging regulators to act on the Norwegian study, led by government watchdog group Public Citizen, says Congress should use the findings as a roadmap to pass a new law patterned after Europe's tough data privacy rules that took effect in 2018.

在美国，消费者群体也同样感到震惊。该组织敦促监管机构对挪威的这项研究采取行动，该研究由政府监督机构公共公民牵头。该组织表示，国会应该将这些发现作为路线图，以2018年生效的欧洲严格的数据隐私规定为蓝本，通过一项新的法律。

"These apps and online services spy on people, collect vast amounts of personal data and share it with third parties without people's knowledge. Industry calls it adtech. We call it surveillance," said Burcu Kilic, a lawyer who leads the digital rights program at Public Citizen. "We need to regulate it now, before it's too late."

负责公共公民数字权利项目的律师布尔库·基利奇说，“这些应用和在线服务对人们进行监视，收集大量个人数据，并在人们不知情的情况下与第三方分享。业界称其为广告技术，我们称其为监视。”“我们现在就需要对其进行监管，以免为时已晚。”

The Norwegian study, which looks only at apps on Android phones, traces the journey a user's personal information takes before it arrives at marketing companies.

挪威的这项研究只研究了安卓手机上的应用程序，追踪了用户个人信息到达营销公司之前的旅程。

For example, Grinder's app includes Twitter-owned advertising software, which collects and processes personal information and unique identifiers such as a phone's ID and IP address, allowing advertising companies to track consumers across devices. This Twitter-owned go-between for personal data is controlled by a firm called MoPub.

例如，Grinder的应用程序包括twitter拥有的广告软件，该软件可以收集和处理个人信息和唯一标识符(如手机的ID和IP地址)，使广告公司能够跨设备跟踪消费者。这家twitter旗下的个人数据中介公司由一家名为MoPub的公司控制。

"Grindr only lists Twitter's MoPub as an advertising partner, and encourages users to read the privacy policies of MoPub's own partners to understand how data is used. MoPub lists more than 160 partners, which clearly makes it impossible for users to give an informed consent to how each of these partners may use personal data," the report states.

Grindr只将Twitter的MoPub列为广告合作伙伴，并鼓励用户阅读MoPub自己的合作伙伴的隐私政策，以了解数据是如何使用的。MoPub列出了160多名合作伙伴，这显然使得用户无法对这些合作伙伴如何使用个人数据给予知情同意。

This is not the first time Grindr has become embroiled in controversy over data sharing. In 2018. the dating app announced it would stop sharing users' HIV status with companies following a report in BuzzFeed exposing the practice, leading AIDS advocates to raise questions about health, safety and personal privacy.

这不是Grindr第一次卷入数据共享的争议。2018年，该约会应用宣布将停止与公司分享用户的艾滋病毒状况，此前BuzzFeed网站上的一篇报道揭露了这种行为，导致艾滋病倡导者提出了有关健康、安全和个人隐私的问题。

The latest data violations unearthed by the Norwegian researchers come the same month California enacted the strongest data privacy law in the U.S. Under the law, known as the California Consumer Privacy Act, consumers can opt out of the sale of their personal information. If tech companies do not comply, the law permits the user to sue.

在同月挪威研究人员发现的最新数据违规事件，加州颁布了美国最严格的数据隐私法。根据《加州消费者隐私法》，消费者可以选择不出售个人信息。如果科技公司不遵守，法律允许用户起诉。