本季度迄今为止，美国至少有1300人死于流感

本季度迄今为止，美国至少有1300人死于流感

At least 1,300 people have died from the flu so far this season, according to a preliminary estimate released Friday by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

据美国疾病控制与预防中心上周五发布的初步估计，本季度迄今为止，至少已有1300人死于流感。

There have been at least 2.6 million flu illnesses and 23,000 flu-related hospitalizations, according to the analysis.

根据分析，至少有260万人患流感，2.3万人因流感住院。

So far this season, the CDC has received reports of 10 children who have died from the flu, four more than the week before.

到目前为止，CDC已经收到10名儿童死于流感的报告，比一周前多了4名。

Experts have warned that flu is hitting the United States early this year, and there are concerns that this early season could mean a particularly severe season overall.

专家警告说，今年年初，流感将袭击美国，人们担心，今年的流感季可能意味着一个特别严重的流感季。

Flu spread significantly in all states except Alaska as of the week ending December 7. Both the eastern and western United States are being hit hard, with widespread flu activity in 23 states: Alabama, Arizona, California, Connecticut, Georgia, Idaho, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia and Washington.

截至12月7日当周，流感在除阿拉斯加以外的所有州均有明显传播。美国东部和西部都受到了严重的打击，23个州都有广泛的流感活动:阿拉巴马州、亚利桑那州、加利福尼亚州、康涅狄格州、乔治亚州、爱达荷州、印第安纳州、肯塔基州、路易斯安那州、马里兰州、马萨诸塞州、内布拉斯加州、内华达州、新墨西哥州、纽约州、北卡罗来纳州、俄勒冈州、宾夕法尼亚州、南卡罗来纳州、田纳西州、得克萨斯州、弗吉尼亚州和华盛顿州。

For the week ending December 7, health care providers in Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, Nebraska, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Washington and Puerto Rico saw the highest level of flu activity.

在截至12月7日的这一周，阿拉巴马州、乔治亚州、密西西比州、内布拉斯加州、南卡罗来纳州、田纳西州、德克萨斯州、华盛顿州和波多黎各的卫生保健提供者发现流感活动最高。

Flu activity is being caused mostly by influenza B/Victoria viruses, which is unusual for this time of year, according to the CDC, and B strains tend to hit children particularly hard. Influenza A/H1N1 viruses are increasing in proportion relative to other flu viruses in some regions, the CDC said.

流感活动主要是由B/维多利亚型流感病毒引起的，这在每年的这个时候是不寻常的，根据疾病控制和预防中心的数据，B型流感病毒对儿童的影响尤其严重。美国疾病控制与预防中心说，在一些地区，甲型H1N1流感病毒与其他流感病毒的比例正在上升。

Flu symptoms, treatment and prevention

流感症状、治疗和预防

People with the flu often experience fever, chills, coughing, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, muscle or body aches, headaches and fatigue, according to the CDC. Some, more commonly children, may have vomiting and diarrhea. Many people become ill suddenly and recover within a few weeks.

美国疾病控制与预防中心表示，流感患者经常会出现发烧、发冷、咳嗽、喉咙痛、流鼻涕或鼻塞、肌肉或身体疼痛、头痛和疲劳等症状。一些，更常见的是儿童，可能会呕吐和腹泻。许多人突然生病，几周内就康复了。

Those who are at higher risk for developing flu-related complications should be treated with antiviral medications as soon as possible. When treatment is started within days of becoming sick, antiviral drugs can lessen symptoms, speed recovery and reduce complications and hospitalizations.

那些有较高风险出现流感相关并发症的人应尽快接受抗病毒药物治疗。在发病后几天内开始治疗，抗病毒药物可以减轻症状，加速康复，减少并发症和住院治疗。

Flu complications, such as pneumonia, can result in hospitalization or even death. Some people are at higher risk for complications from the flu, including children younger than 5 years old, particularly those under 2. Other groups at high risk are adults 65 and older, pregnant women, residents of long-term care facilities and people with weakened immune systems, asthma, heart disease and diabetes.

流感并发症，如肺炎，可导致住院甚至死亡。有些人患流感并发症的风险更高，包括5岁以下的儿童，尤其是2岁以下的儿童。其他高危人群包括65岁以上的成年人、孕妇、长期护理机构的居民、免疫系统较弱的人、哮喘、心脏病和糖尿病患者。

Hand-washing, avoiding sick people and avoiding touching your eyes, nose and mouth can help prevent the flu. But the most important step to stop seasonal flu is for everyone 6 months or older to get vaccinated, according to the CDC. If the flu is circulating in the area where you live, it is not too late to get vaccinated.

洗手、避免接触病人、避免接触眼睛、鼻子和嘴巴都有助于预防流感。但是根据疾病控制中心的说法，预防季节性流感最重要的一步是每个6个月以上的人都要接种疫苗。如果流感在你居住的地区流行，现在接种疫苗还为时不晚。

Although the vaccine won't prevent all cases of the flu, it lessens the severity and duration of symptoms, and those who get flu after receiving a vaccine are less likely to require hospitalization and less likely to die.

虽然疫苗不能预防所有的流感病例，但它能减轻症状的严重程度和持续时间，而且那些接种疫苗后感染流感的人不太可能需要住院治疗，也不太可能死亡。