美国中期选举的4个关键结果
郊区倒戈，但特朗普的选民基础仍牢固
The divergent outcomes in the House and Senate — a Democratic takeover in one chamber, and Republican gains in the other — exposed an ever-deepening gulf separating rural communities from America’s cities and suburbs.
众议院和参议院不同的选举结果——民主党在众议院获得了控制权，共和党在参议院增加了席位——暴露出把美国农村与城市和郊区分割开来的鸿沟继续加深。
Democratic gains in the House came in densely populated, educated and diverse enclaves around the country, around major liberal cities like New York and Philadelphia and also red-state population centers like Houston and Oklahoma City. The Republican Party’s traditional base in these districts collapsed, with college-educated white voters joining with growing minority communities to repudiate President Trump and his party.
民主党在众议院赢得的席位来自美国各地人口密集、受教育程度高、多元化的地区，包括纽约和费城等主要自由派城市附近的选区，以及休斯顿和俄克拉荷马城等红州人口中心。共和党的传统选民基础在这些选区崩溃了，选区里受过大学教育的白人选民联合日益壮大的少数族裔阵营，拒绝了特朗普总统及其政党。
Republican victories in the Senate came mainly in the conservative strongholds where Mr. Trump’s popularity has remained steady or grown since 2016. With rural voters moving rightward and the national Democratic Party moving left, Senate Democrats like Claire McCaskill of Missouri and Joe Donnelly of Indiana found it impossible to reassemble the political coalitions that elected them in the past.
共和党在参议院的胜利主要来自保守派阵营，特朗普在这些阵营的支持率自2016年以来一直保持稳定或有所上升。随着农村选民转向右倾，民主党在全国范围内转向左倾，像密苏里州的克莱尔·麦卡斯基尔(Claire McCaskill)和印第安纳州的乔·唐纳利(Joe Donnelly)这样的参议院民主党人发现，重组以前让他们当选的政治联盟已不可能。
As a long-term proposition, Democrats may be getting the better end of the bargain: They are winning over voters in growing communities that look more like the country as a whole, while Republicans are increasingly reliant on an aging population of conservative whites to hold up their electoral map. And for now, the Democrats’ eclectic coalition of white moderates, young liberals and African-American, Latino and Asian-American voters was more than enough to seize the House.
从长远计划来看，民主党人可能得到了这个交易的更好结局：他们赢得了日益壮大社区的选民，这些社区的构成与整个国家的更相似，而共和党人则越来越依赖于日益老龄化的保守派白人人口来维持他们的选举版图。目前，由温和派白人、年轻的自由派、非洲裔美国人、拉美裔美国人，以及亚裔美国人组成的兼容并蓄的民主党联盟已足以控制众议院。
But the midterm elections also made clear that Mr. Trump and his party continue to hold important structural advantages on the electoral map — including near-total dominance of the conservative states that hold outsized power in the Senate, and a tenacious hold on the governorships of the two biggest swing states on the presidential map, Florida and Ohio.
但中期选举也清楚地表明，特朗普及其政党在选举版图上继续保持着重要的结构性优势，共和党几乎赢得了保守州在参议院的全部席位，这些州在参议院拥有超过其人口规模应有的权力，共和党也牢牢掌握了佛罗里达州和俄亥俄州的州长职位，这两个州是总统选举版图上最大的摇摆州。
Viral stars fall short
广为传播的视频明星没有得到预期的结果
It was the year of the viral campaign video — powerful ads that helped boost the profiles and fund-raising numbers for Democratic challengers across the country.
这是竞选视频疯狂传播的一年，这些有力的广告帮助全国各地的民主党挑战者提升了形象和筹款数字。
But it was not their night. 但这个选举夜不是他们的。
Several House candidates whose compelling biographies (and slickly produced renderings of them) helped put them on the national radar lost on Tuesday, including Randy Bryce in Wisconsin, Amy McGrath in Kentucky and M.J. Hegar in Texas. Ms. McGrath and Ms. Hegar made it close in traditionally conservative areas, though Democrats had higher hopes for full breakthroughs in recent weeks.
几位众议员候选人引人注目的个人履历(以及用这些履历娴熟制作的视频)帮助他们获得了全国范围的关注，但他们在周二的选举中失利，其中包括威斯康星州的兰迪·布莱斯(Randy Bryce)、肯塔基州的艾米·麦格拉思(Amy McGrath)，以及德克萨斯州的M·J·黑加尔(M.J. Hegar)。麦格拉思和黑加尔都在传统上较为保守的选区赢得了接近半数的选票，不过，民主党人在最近几周曾对她们的全面突破抱有更高的希望。
The conclusion is certainly not that viral videos are counterproductive; they remain a useful and efficient way to raise money and introduce a candidate to a wider audience. But at times, it seems, the audience was not always the intended constituency. Mr. Bryce, for instance, was an MSNBC darling — one of the most talked-about progressive candidates this cycle after his introductory video gained wide distribution, highlighting his ironworker background and signature mustache and hard hat. He appeared poised to lose by double digits, running in the district that House Speaker Paul D. Ryan is vacating.
结论当然不是疯狂传播的视频会帮倒忙;它们仍然是筹集资金和向更大范围的观众介绍候选人的有效方法。但看来，这些观众有时并不总是目标群体。比如，介绍布莱斯的视频被广泛传播后，他成了MSNBC的宠儿，是该频道在这轮选举中谈论最多的进步派候选人之一。介绍视频强调了布莱斯的制铁工人背景，突出展示了他标志性的大胡子和带着安全帽的样子。他在众议院议长保罗·D·瑞安(Paul D. Ryan)即将腾出席位的选区参加竞选，看来会以两位数的差距落选。
And then there was the Texas Senate race, where Senator Ted Cruz felled the most viral candidate of them all: Beto O’Rourke, who livestreamed virtually every waking moment on the campaign trail, from burger stops to three-hour drives.
再就是德克萨斯州的参议员竞选，参议员特德·克鲁兹(Ted Cruz)击败了有最疯传视频的候选人：贝托·欧洛克(Beto O’rourke)，他在网上直播了竞选期间的几乎每个醒着的时刻，从在汉堡店小停到三个小时的开车。
Opponents of abortion win big
反对堕胎者大获全胜
Republicans gained some of their most important ground on Tuesday by electing several new senators who are opposed to abortion rights, a development that will help the party advance one of its bedrock issues.
共和党人周二在重要方面取得进展，选出了几名反对堕胎权利的新参议员，这将帮助推动该党的根基问题之一。
By picking up Democratic-held Senate seats in Indiana, North Dakota and Missouri — and possibly elsewhere — the Republican majority will be decidedly further to the right on the issue. And no longer will the votes of two senators who support abortion rights — Susan Collins of Maine and Lisa Murkowski of Alaska — be as pivotal when it comes to confirming judges and passing legislation.
共和党在印第安纳州、北达科他州和密苏里州——可能还有其他地方——赢得了目前由民主党拥有的参议院席位，这肯定将让参议院的共和党多数派在堕胎问题上进一步偏右。在确认法官和通过立法时，两名支持堕胎权利的参议员——缅因州的苏珊·柯林斯(Susan Collins)和阿拉斯加的丽莎·穆尔科斯基(Lisa Murkowski)——的投票将不再那么关键。
The elections of Josh Hawley in Missouri, Mike Braun in Indiana and Kevin Cramer in North Dakota — all opponents of abortion — have emboldened anti-abortion activists and would appear to make it far easier for the Senate to confirm judges who are seen as likely to strike down legal protections contained in Roe v. Wade.
密苏里州的乔希·霍利(Josh Hawley)、印第安纳州的迈克·布劳恩(Mike Braun)，以及北达科他州的凯文·克拉默(Kevin Cramer)都反对堕胎，他们的当选让反堕胎活动人士更有信心，看来也会让参议院确认被人们视为可能推翻包含在罗伊诉韦德案(Roe v. Wade)中的法律保护的法官变得更容易。
“A good night for life,” said Marjorie Dannenfelser, president of the Susan B. Anthony List, a group that created extensive field operations to turn out anti-abortion voters in many of the states where Republicans saw their biggest gains.
“生命的美好之夜，”“苏珊·B·安东尼名单”组织(Susan B. Anthony List)的主席玛乔丽·丹南菲尔塞尔(Marjorie Dannenfelser)说，该组织在许多共和党人赢得票数最多的州成立了很多行动办公室，鼓动反堕胎的选民出来投票。
In another series of victories for the anti-abortion movement, key governors’ races also swung its way. Iowa, Florida, Georgia and Ohio all elected governors on Tuesday night who oppose abortion rights.
反堕胎运动的另一系列的胜利是，几个关键州的州长竞选结果也在倒向支持这个运动。周二晚，艾奥瓦州、佛罗里达州、乔治亚州和俄亥俄州都选出了反对堕胎权利的州长。
And in two states, Alabama and West Virginia, voters approved ballot initiatives intended to limit abortion rights and provoke a legal challenge to Roe v. Wade.
在阿拉巴马和西弗吉尼亚这两个州，选民们通过了旨在限制堕胎权利的投票倡议，对罗伊诉韦德案发起了法律挑战。
Mr. Trump earned his support among white evangelicals by promising, and delivering, their biggest policy priorities — among the biggest was naming two conservative Supreme Court justices who had the approval of anti-abortion groups. Social conservatives are still hoping for a third.
特朗普之所以赢得白人福音派信徒的支持，是因为他向他们承诺并实现了他们最关心的政策重点——其中最重要的是任命了两位得到反堕胎组织认可的保守派最高法院大法官。社会保守派人士仍在希望任命第三名。
Though the power of an anti-abortion majority in the Senate will be most immediately apparent in the judicial confirmation process, it is less clear how the new senators can affect longstanding policy goals of conservatives like the defunding of Planned Parenthood. That would seem a nearly impossible task with the Democrats in control of the House.
虽然在参议院占多数席位的反堕胎者的力量将很快会在司法确认过程中有明显表现，但新当选的参议员对保守派的长期政策目标(比如取消对“计划生育”[Planned Parenthood]组织的财政资助)会有什么影响，目前尚不清楚。在民主党控制众议院的情况下，这似乎是一项几乎不可能完成的任务。
The year of the woman: what it all meant
女性之年：这意味着什么
Women, running for office in record numbers, helped Democrats win control of the House of Representatives.
参加竞选的女性人数创下历史新高，帮助民主党赢得了众议院的控制权。
Their victories were the fruit of two years of activism that began with women’s marches across the country on the day after President Trump’s inauguration. Women stepped up to run for office and support those who did.
她们的胜利是两年的积极行动的成果，这些行动始于特朗普总统就职第二天发生在全国各地的妇女大游行。大批女性站出来竞选公职，以及支持那些参加竞选的女性。
Pennsylvania, which had no women in its congressional delegation, elected four of them. In New Jersey, where three seats flipped to the Democrats, the only woman, Mikie Sherrill, won her race by the largest margin, in a district President Trump won in 2016. In Iowa, a state Mr. Trump won, Abby Finkenauer and Cindy Axne wrested seats from Republicans.
宾夕法尼亚州这次选出了四名女性进入其国会代表团，以前一名都没有。在新泽西州，民主党从共和党手中夺得了三个众议院席位，唯一的女性米琪·谢里尔(Mikie Sherrill)在2016年的总统选举中特朗普获胜的选区以最大的优势赢得了竞选。在特朗普获胜的艾奥瓦州，艾比·芬克瑙尔(Abby Finkenauer)和辛迪·阿克塞妮(Cindy Axne)从共和党手中夺得了席位。
Suburban women defected from Republicans. Several female candidates prevailed in traditionally Republican districts, backed by college-educated women alienated by the Trump administration.
郊区女性倒戈共和党。一些女性候选人在传统上属于共和党的选区获胜，她们的支持者是受过大学教育、与特朗普政府疏远的女性。
Abigail Spanberger and Elaine Luria flipped Republican seats in Virginia, where women mobilized in 2017 to elect female challengers to the state legislature. Lauren Underwood toppled a Republican incumbent outside of Chicago by appealing to women’s concerns about Republican attempts to repeal the Affordable Care Act. And Angie Craig beat a Republican incumbent in a suburban Minnesota district.
阿比盖尔·斯潘伯格(Abigail Spanberger)和伊莱恩·卢里亚(Elaine Luria)在弗吉尼亚州夺走了目前由共和党拥有的席位。弗吉尼亚州的女性曾在2017年动员民众，在州立法机构竞选中把票投给女性挑战者。在芝加哥郊外，劳伦·安德伍德(Lauren Underwood)通过呼吁女性关注共和党试图废除《合理医疗费用法案》(Affordable Care Act)的做法，推翻了一名共和党现任议员。安吉·克雷格(Angie Craig)在明尼苏达州的一个郊区选区击败了一名共和党现任议员。
Women marked historic firsts, particularly among Democrats.
女性创造了多个历史上的第一次，尤其是在民主党人中。
In Massachusetts, Ayanna Pressley became the first woman of color in her state’s congressional delegation. Rashida Tlaib in Michigan and Ilhan Omar in Minnesota will became the first Muslim women in Congress. Sharice Davids toppled a male Republican in Kansas and Deb Haaland prevailed in New Mexico, becoming the first Native American women elected to Congress. In Tennessee, Marsha Blackburn, a Republican, became the state’s first woman elected to the Senate.
在马萨诸塞州，艾安娜·普莱斯利(Ayanna Pressley)成为该州国会代表团中首位有色人种女性。密歇根州的拉什达·塔尔布(Rashida Tlaib)和明尼苏达州的伊尔汗·奥马尔(Ilhan Omar)将是首次进入国会的穆斯林女性议员。沙丽斯·戴维斯(Sharice Davids)在堪萨斯州击败了一名男性共和党人，黛布·哈兰(Deb Haaland)在新墨西哥州获胜，她两人将是首次被选入国会的美国原住民女性。在田纳西州，共和党人玛莎·布莱克本(Marsha Blackburn)成为该州选出的首位女性参议员。
But once again, voters proved reluctant to elect female governors.
但事实再次表明，选民们不愿意选女性当州长。
While several women were elected — Laura Kelly of Kansas, Gretchen Whitmer of Michigan, Michelle Lujan Grisham of New Mexico, among others — they did not break the record of nine women, set in 2004. Voters have been more hesitant to choose women as chief executives, rather than legislators.
虽然有几位女性当选——堪萨斯州的劳拉·凯利(Laura Kelly)、密歇根州的格雷琴·惠特默(Gretchen Whitmer)、新墨西哥州的米歇尔·卢扬·格里沙姆(Michelle Lujan Grisham)等——但她们并没有打破2004年创下的9名女性当选州长的记录。选民们在选择女性担任首席行政官上，比选择她们担任立法者上，更加犹豫不决。
