中俄提议削减联合国维和行动中人权相关经费

China and Russia, apparently seeking to exploit an American wish to lower spending at the United Nations, want to cut more than 200 jobs related to human rights and the prevention of sexual abuse in the organization’s peacekeeping missions, according to diplomats and budget-negotiation documents.

根据外交官和预算谈判文件，中俄显然在试图利用美国在联合国降低开支的意愿，希望减少联合国维和行动中200多个与人权及防止性侵害有关的工作。

Human rights advocates said such cuts, if accepted, would severely hurt United Nations peacekeeping operations covering some of the world’s most vulnerable countries. Roughly 450 jobs are devoted to the protection of human rights and the deterrence of sexual abuse in the peacekeeping system, diplomats said.

人权倡导者表示，如果接受这种削减，将严重损害覆盖了部分世界最脆弱国家的联合国维和行动。外交官表示，维和系统中，属于维护人权及遏制性侵害的工作机会约有450个。

The push by China and Russia comes at a time when the Trump administration is distancing itself in some ways from the United Nations — although the United States is still the host country and remains by far the biggest financial contributor. At the same time, China in particular is exerting more influence at the organization as its economic importance and contributions increase.

在中国和俄罗斯采取行动之际，特朗普政府正在从某种程度上脱离联合国——尽管美国仍是东道主，也依然是目前最大的财政贡献者。同时，特别是中国，随着它在经济上的重要性和贡献越来越大，它对联合国的影响也愈发强大。

China and Russia have long complained about the human rights work of the United Nations, especially in its peacekeeping missions, which they see as falling outside the scope of what the blue-helmeted soldiers of troop-contributing countries should be doing.

中俄两国长期以来都对联合国的人权工作表示不满，尤其是联合国的维和行动，他们认为已经超出了部队派遣国的蓝盔部队应该做的事情。

But United Nations diplomats said both China and Russia seemed more aggressive this year about wanting to cut jobs they deemed to be wasteful or irrelevant.

但联合国外交官表示，中国和俄罗斯今年似乎更加咄咄逼人，想削减他们认为是浪费或无关紧要的工作。

The Russians are proposing reductions of up to 50 percent in funding for human rights work and the prevention of sexual abuse, which some diplomats have calculated would, if fully carried out, eliminate roughly 170 jobs. China has proposed cuts of about 37 jobs, including vacant positions that may be about to be filled.

俄罗斯方面建议削减高达50%的人权和性侵害防范方面的经费。有外交官估计，如果该建议得到全面实施，将会有大约170个就业机会消失。中国提出削减约37个职位，其中包括可能即将有人上任的空缺职位。

The diplomats attributed the more aggressive stance by the Chinese and Russians partly to an intensified drive by the United States for budget austerity at the United Nations. Some are calling it a convergence of common purpose by rival powers that frequently clash over other issues.

外交人士认为，中国和俄罗斯采取更加强硬的立场，在一定程度上是因为美国加大了推动联合国缩紧预算的力度。有人将其称为在其他问题上经常发生冲突的竞争对手在共同目标上的趋同。

Officials at the Chinese and Russian missions to the United Nations did not respond to requests for comment. A spokesman for the United States mission said it would not comment on the budget negotiations.

中俄驻联合国代表团的官员并未回应置评的请求。美国代表团的发言人则表示，不会对预算谈判予以置评。

The United States historically has defended against attempts to undercut efforts to protect human rights at the United Nations, and has been one of the most outspoken proponents of combating the sexual exploitation and abuse that has scarred the reputations of some peacekeeping missions. Some diplomats said the Americans would never accept the draconian cuts proposed by China and Russia.

美国向来坚定反对削弱联合国人权保护行动的企图，也曾是打击让部分维和行动名誉受损的性剥削和性侵最为高调的支持者之一。一些外交官表示，美国绝对不接受中俄提出的苛严削减。

But the Trump administration has pulled back on America’s human rights role this year, as seen in its decision announced June 19 to quit the United Nations Human Rights Council over what American officials called that group’s anti-Israel bias and double standards. Frictions over the withdrawal were aggravated by bitter exchanges between Nikki R. Haley, the American ambassador, and human rights advocacy organizations, which called the administration’s decision a mistake.

但是特朗普政府今年收回了美国在人权问题上的角色，正如在6月19日宣布退出联合国人权理事会(United Nations human rights Council)的决定中看到的那样，美国官员称该组织有反以色列的偏见以及搞双重标准。美国驻联合国大使尼基·R·黑利(Nikki R. Haley)和人权倡导组织的激烈交锋，加剧了美国从人权理事会撤出的摩擦。人权倡导组织称美国政府的决定是一个错误。

The Chinese and Russian demands for human rights cuts in peacekeeping operations have further complicated what already is an annual ordeal by the United Nations budget committee, which in principle must reach a deal before the new fiscal year begins on Sunday.

中国和俄罗斯要求在维和行动中削减人权工作的要求使情况进一步复杂化，加剧了联合国预算委员会面临的年度考验。原则上，该委员会必须在周日新财年开始前达成协议。

Under the committee’s procedures, a deal is done by consensus — all members must agree, which often means a flurry of last-minute give-and-take.

协议根据委员会程序通过共识达成——所有成员必须同意，这通常意味着最后时刻会有一阵忙乱的妥协让步。

Some diplomats said the negotiations were likely to go into Friday or possibly Saturday.

有外交官表示，谈判可能会持续到周五或周六。