美联储要求工商银行整改反洗钱措施

The US Federal Reserve has ordered Industrial & Commercial Bank of China to overhaul its anti-money laundering protections after finding “serious deficiencies”.

美联储(Fed)已命令中国工商银行(ICBC)彻底整改其反洗钱保护措施。此前，美联储发现该行在此方面存在“严重缺陷”。

ICBC, the world’s largest lender by assets, must offer a written plan within 60 days to the US central bank detailing how it will strengthen mechanisms to flag and report suspicious transactions, including those involving “politically exposed persons”. The Fed did not issue a fine.

作为全球资产规模最大的银行，中国工商银行必须在60天内向美联储提交一份书面计划，详细说明自己将如何强化相关机制，以标记和汇报可疑交易，包括那些涉及“有政治风险的人士”的交易。美联储并未开出罚单。

As part of the order, ICBC must also hire an independent party approved by the Fed within 30 days to audit the bank’s dollar clearing transaction activity during the final six months of 2016.

命令还包括，中国工商银行还必须在30天内聘用一家经美联储批准的独立机构，审查其在2016年后6个月内的美元结算交易活动。

ICBC was not immediately available to comment.

记者未能立即联系到中国工商银行就此置评。

“Foreign banks are generally not good at compliance. It isn’t high on their agenda,” said a former Fed official who declined to be named. “In many cases, compliance is also taken very lightly back home which means foreign banks are in for a rude awakening when they come to the US.”

“外资银行通常在合规方面不太擅长。合规不是它们的重点议程，”一位不愿透露姓名的前美联储官员说。“在许多情况下，合规问题在外资行的母国也很不受重视。这意味着，它们来到美国后，才会猛然醒悟过来。”

Its New York branch opened in 2008, and the bank rents space in Manhattan’s Trump Tower.

2008年，中国工商银行纽约分行开始营业，该行在曼哈顿的特朗普大厦(Trump Tower)租下了办公空间。

China’s three other state-owned banks have faced similar demands from the Fed to overhaul their money laundering controls, including Agricultural Bank, which was slapped with a $215m penalty in 2016 by the central bank for hiding suspicious transactions.

包括中国农业银行(ABC)在内，中国其他三家国有银行也面临着美联储的类似要求：必须整改反洗钱防控措施。2016年，中国农业银行因隐瞒可疑交易而被美联储处以2.15亿美元的罚款。

UN sanctions against the Pyongyang regime have also been a sticking point among US regulators and Chinese banks, which have long handled transactions on behalf of North Korean entities, including some involved with the country’s ballistic missile and nuclear weapons programmes.

联合国对平壤政权的制裁也始终是美国监管机构和中资银行之间的一个棘手问题。长期以来，中国各银行一直在代表朝鲜机构进行交易，其中包括一些与朝鲜弹道导弹和核武器项目有关的机构。

Long term, China is hoping to bypass the Fed altogether. In 2015, it launched an international renminbi payments system to encourage global use of the Chinese currency. If widely adopted, the payments system would eventually allow China to send money globally in renminbi, without need for US dollar clearance, which would subject it to oversight from the Fed.

从长期来看，中国希望完全绕过美联储。2015年，中国启动了一个国际人民币支付系统，鼓励全球使用人民币。如果被广泛采纳，这个支付系统最终将允许中国以人民币形式在全球范围内汇款，而无需进行美元结算。美元结算将使中国受到美联储的监管。