中国在巴基斯坦拓展新丝绸之路
中国已经与巴基斯坦的部族分离主义者悄悄谈判了五年多，目的是保护它出资建设的价值600亿美元的基础设施项目，这些基础设施是中巴经济走廊(China-Pakistan Economic Corridor)的一部分。
Three people with knowledge of the talks told the Financial Times that Beijing had been in direct contact with militants in the south-western state of Baluchistan, where many of the scheme’s most important projects are located.
三名了解谈判情况的人士告诉英国《金融时报》，北京方面早已与巴基斯坦西南部俾路支省(Baluchistan)的武装分子直接接触。中巴经济走廊的许多重要项目位于该省。
For more than half a century, Beijing has maintained a policy of non-interference in the domestic politics of other countries. But that has been tested by its desire to protect the billions of dollars it is investing around the world under its Belt and Road Initiative to create a “new Silk Road” of trade routes in Europe, Asia and Africa.
半个多世纪以来，北京坚持不干涉别国内政的政策。但这一点在近年受到考验，因为中国渴望保护其在“一带一路”倡议(Belt and Road Initiative)下做出的巨额境外投资。该倡议的目的是开辟一条“新丝绸之路”，即通往欧洲、亚洲和非洲的贸易通道。
In Pakistan, Beijing appears keen to fill the void left by Washington, which has drifted from its former ally after becoming frustrated at Islamabad’s failure to tackle extremism. Beijing’s willingness to get involved in Pakistani politics has fuelled concerns in New Delhi, which is worried about China’s growing political influence in neighbouring countries, including Nepal, Myanmar and Sri Lanka.
在巴基斯坦，北京似乎渴望填补华盛顿留下的空白;对于伊斯兰堡未能对付极端主义产生挫败感的华盛顿，与巴基斯坦这个前盟友逐渐疏远。北京方面介入巴基斯坦政治的意愿引发了新德里的担忧，后者担心中国在其邻国(包括尼泊尔、缅甸和斯里兰卡)的政治影响力日益增长。
“The Chinese have quietly made a lot of progress,” said one Pakistani official. “Even though separatists occasionally try to carry out the odd attack, they are not making a forceful push.”
“中国人已经悄悄取得了很大进展，”一名巴基斯坦官员表示。“即使分离主义者偶尔尝试发起零星的袭击，他们也没有作出强烈回应。”
As it seeks to boost the Chinese economy, China’s plans for a new Silk Road has pitched Beijing into some of the world’s most complex conflict zones.
随着中国试图促进经济发展，其开辟新丝绸之路的计划已经使北京方面涉足世界上一些最复杂的冲突地区。
Chinese peacekeepers are already in South Sudan, where Beijing has invested in oilfields and is planning to build a rail line. China has also contributed troops to a UN peacekeeping operation in Mali and even talked about launching attacks against Isis in Iraq, where it has been the largest foreign investor in the country’s oil sector.
中国维和部队已经进驻南苏丹，北京在那里投资开发了油田，还计划建造铁路线。中国还为马里的联合国维和行动贡献了部队，甚至还谈到打击伊拉克境内的“伊拉克和黎凡特伊斯兰国”(ISIS);中国是伊拉克石油业最大的外国投资者。
Pakistan, which is set to be one of the biggest beneficiaries of the infrastructure initiative, is one of the riskiest parts of the world in which to do business. Last year 10 local workers were killed by unidentified gunmen while working near Gwadar port, the linchpin of the economic corridor.
将成为“一带一路”倡议最大受益者之一的巴基斯坦，也是世界上营商风险最高的司法管辖区之一。去年，10名巴基斯坦工人在中巴经济走廊的关键枢纽瓜达尔港(Gwadar port)附近工作时，被身份不明的武装分子杀害。
Some have warned that China’s investment could lead to Pakistan being treated like a client state by Beijing, despite promises that Chinese troops would not be stationed there. 一些人已警告称，中国的投资可能导致巴基斯坦被北京当作一个附庸国，尽管各方承诺中国不会在巴基斯坦驻军。
“The Belt and Road Initiative is portrayed as an economic project to boost infrastructure and connectivity but, increasingly, it has significant local political and strategic dimensions,” said Rahul Roy-Chaudhury, senior fellow at the International Institute for Strategic Studies.
“一带一路倡议被描绘成一个促进基建和连通性的经济项目，但是，它日益具有重大的地方政治和战略层面，”伦敦国际战略研究所(IISS)的高级研究员拉胡尔•罗依-乔杜里(Rahul Roy-Chaudhury)表示。
Pakistani officials, however, have welcomed the talks between Baluch rebels and Chinese envoys, even if they do not know the details of what has been discussed. “Ultimately, if there’s peace in Baluchistan, that will benefit both of us,” said one official in Islamabad.
不过，巴基斯坦官员对俾路支叛乱分子与中国特使之间的谈判表示欢迎，即使他们不知道讨论细节。“归根结底，如果俾路支省有和平，那对我们都有好处，”伊斯兰堡的一名官员表示。
Another said the recent decision by the US to suspend security assistance to Pakistan had convinced many in Islamabad that China was a more genuine partner. “[The Chinese] are here to stay and help Pakistan, unlike the Americans, who cannot be trusted,” the person said.
另一名官员表示，美国最近决定暂停对巴基斯坦的安全援助，已使伊斯兰堡许多人相信中国是一个更真诚的合作伙伴。 “(中国人)在这里会一直留下来，帮助巴基斯坦，不像不可信任的美国人，”此人表示。
Pakistan is planning to buy Chinese military helicopters and components for surveillance drones as part of its plan to fortify its border with Afghanistan with a 2,600km-long fence.
巴基斯坦计划购买中国军用直升机和无人监视飞机部件，作为其沿着阿富汗边界建造一道2600公里长的铁丝网屏障、从而强化边防的计划的一部分。
Chinese officials did not comment on the talks, though the Chinese ambassador to Islamabad said in a recent interview with the BBC that militants in Baluchistan were no longer a threat to the economic corridor.
中国官员没有对谈判置评，尽管中国驻巴基斯坦大使最近在伊斯兰堡接受英国广播公司(BBC)采访时表示，俾路支省的武装分子已不再对经济走廊构成威胁。
One provincial tribal leader said many young men had been persuaded to lay down their weapons by the promise of financial benefits. “Today, young men are not getting attracted to join the insurgents as they did some 10 years ago,” he said. “Many people see prosperity” as a result of the China-Pakistan corridor, he said.
该省的一名部落领导人表示，经济利益的承诺已经说服许多年轻人放下武器。“如今的年轻人已经不像10年前那样容易受到加入叛乱武装的吸引，”他说。他表示，许多人认为中巴经济走廊带来了繁荣。
This article has been amended to reflect that the 10 workers killed near Gwadar port last year were Pakistanis
译者/何黎
