阿里巴巴和腾讯因海外支付违规被罚款

China tech groups Alibaba and Tencent 中国科技集团阿里巴巴(Alibaba)和腾讯(Tencent)被卷入北京打击资本外流的战争，它们的金融服务部门因违反跨境外汇交易法规而被处以罚款。

have been caught up in Beijing’s war on capital flight, with both being handed fines for breaches of cross-border foreign exchange payments at their financial services units. 在这两家互联网巨头旗下机构的海外支付业务受到打击之前，国有银行卡网络中国银联(China UnionPay)也进行了类似的收紧控制。自2016年起，中国银联试图限制使用银联卡为境外房地产投资和保险买单。中国银联在海外与Visa和万事达(MasterCard)的竞争日益激烈。

The clampdown on overseas payments by affiliates of the two internet heavyweights follows similar tightening of controls at China UnionPay, the state-owned bank-card network that increasingly competes with Visa and MasterCard overseas. Since 2016, UnionPay has sought to limit the use of its cards to pay for investments in foreign property and insurance. 上海八六证券研究(86 Research)的金融科技分析师Wang Hanyang表示：“从长远看，政府支持这些支付集团向海外扩张，但在运营层面，它们需要加强合规与监督。”

“In the long term, the government supports these payment groups to expand overseas, but at the operational level, they need to strengthen compliance and monitoring,” said Wang Hanyang, fintech analyst at 86Research in Shanghai. 阿里巴巴旗下金融公司蚂蚁金服(Ant Financial)和腾讯旗下的微信支付(WeChat Pay)在中国16万亿美元的第三方移动支付市场占据主导地位，并且日益向海外扩张，让中国游客刷一下手机就能支付从购物到乘船游览塞纳河等各种费用。

Ant Financial, the financial affiliate of Alibaba, and Tencent’s WeChat Pay dominate China’s $16tn third-party mobile payments market, and are increasingly moving overseas — enabling Chinese tourists to pay for everything from shopping to boat trips down the Seine with a swipe of their phones. 但这种扩张也引起了负责管理外汇储备的中国国家外汇管理局(SAFE)的关注，该局在过去两年频频出手打击资本外流和非法资金转移活动。近几个月来，外管局发布了一系列关于打击非法货币兑换商、银行不正当外汇交易和虚假贸易发票的通知。

But that expansion has also piqued the attention of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, which manages foreign currency reserves and has been cracking down on capital flight and illicit transfers in the past two years. Safe has issued a steady stream of notices in recent months about its crackdown on illegal money changers, improper forex transactions by banks and fake trade invoices. 据悉，蚂蚁金服运营的支付宝(Alipay)违规涉及对优步(Uber)出行的支付。尽管交易发生在中国——在滴滴出行(Didi Chuxing)于2016年收购优步在华业务之前——但监管机构担忧资金外流到这家叫车服务APP的美国总部。

The breach by Alipay, run by Ant Financial, is understood to involve payments for Uber rides. While the transactions took place in China — before Didi Chuxing acquired Uber’s operations in the country in 2016 — regulators fretted about money going overseas to the ride-hailing app’s US headquarters. 据外管局官方杂志《中国外汇》(China Forex)表示，支付宝因“跨境外汇支付服务经营范围问题、跨境外汇支付服务国际收支统计申报问题”被罚款60万元人民币(合9.5万美元)。

According to China Forex, the official magazine of Safe, Alipay was fined Rmb600,000 ($95,000) for “foreign exchange payment business-scope problems [and] cross-border foreign exchange payment balance of payments statistical reporting problems”. 腾讯旗下支付部门因“未按照规定向有关部门报送异常风险报告等资料”和“为非居民办理跨境外汇支付业务未做备案”也被罚款60万元人民币。

Tencent’s payments arm was fined the same amount for “failing to transmit unusual risk report materials to the related departments according to regulation” and “processing cross-border foreign exchange payments for non-residents without making a filing”. 蚂蚁金服表示，罚款与2014年外汇付款相关，那些支付违反了当时的支付服务规定。该公司表示，支付宝在识别这些违规行为后就做出了纠正。腾讯没有回应记者提出的置评请求。

Ant Financial said the fine related to forex payments made in 2014 that were in breach of its payment services at the time. “Alipay corrected the irregularities as soon as they were identified,” the company said. Tencent did not respond to a request for comment. Yizhen Jia补充报道

Additional reporting by Yizhen Jia 译者/裴伴