法国影星德纳芙等发声，指反性侵运动矫枉过正

Just one day after Hollywood offered a show of support for the #MeToo movement on the Golden Globes red carpet and stage, a famous actress on the other side of the Atlantic lent her name to a public letter denouncing the movement, as well as its French counterpart, #Balancetonporc, or “Expose Your Pig.”

就在好莱坞在金球奖红毯和舞台上对#MeToo(我也是)运动表示支持一天后，大西洋彼岸一位著名女演员在公开信上署名，谴责该运动及其在法国的相应运动#Balancetonporc，即“揭发你的猪”。

Catherine Deneuve joined more than 100 other Frenchwomen in entertainment, publishing and academic fields Tuesday in the pages of the newspaper Le Monde and on its website in arguing that the two movements, in which women and men have used social media as a forum to describe sexual misconduct, have gone too far by publicly prosecuting private experiences and have created a totalitarian climate.

凯瑟琳·德纳芙(Catherine Deneuve)加入了100多名娱乐、出版和学术界的法国女性行列，她们于周二在《世界报》(Le Monde)及其网页上发表公开信，提出在这两个运动中，男人和女人利用社交媒体作为描述不当性行为的论坛，对私下里的经历进行公开控诉，这些行动已经过了头，造成了一种极权氛围。

“Rape is a crime. But insistent or clumsy flirting is not a crime, nor is gallantry a chauvinist aggression,” the letter, dated Monday, begins. “As a result of the Weinstein affair, there has been a legitimate realization of the sexual violence women experience, particularly in the workplace, where some men abuse their power. It was necessary. But now this liberation of speech has been turned on its head.”

“强奸是犯罪。但固执或笨拙的调情不是犯罪，对女人献殷勤也不等于大男子主义的侵犯，”周一发表的这封信在开头这样写道。“由于韦恩斯坦事件，人们对于女性所遭受的性暴力已经产生了合理的认识，特别是在有些男性滥用职权的工作场所。这是有必要的。但是现在，这种言论的解放已经完全走向相反方向。”

They contend that the “#MeToo” movement has led to a campaign of public accusations that have placed undeserving people in the same category as sex offenders without giving them a chance to defend themselves. “This expedited justice already has its victims, men prevented from practicing their profession as punishment, forced to resign, etc., while the only thing they did wrong was touching a knee, trying to steal a kiss, or speaking about ‘intimate’ things at a work dinner, or sending messages with sexual connotations to a woman whose feelings were not mutual,” they write. The letter, written in French was translated by The New York Times.

她们认为，#MeToo运动导致了一场公开指控，把本来够不上罪犯的人归为性犯罪者的同类，而且没有给他们自辩的机会。“这场加速的审判已经有了受害者，作为惩罚，那些男人不能继续从事自己的职业，被迫辞职，诸如此类，而他们唯一做错的事情就是摸一下膝盖，想偷一个吻，在工作晚餐上谈论”亲密“的事情，或者发送带有性含义的信息给一个并无相同意向的女人，”她们写道。公开信为法文，此处由《纽约时报》翻译。

The passage appears to refer to the some of the names on a growing list of men who have been suspended, fired or forced to resign after having been accused of sexual misconduct in the last several months.

这段文字似乎指的是过去几个月里，越来越多的男性被指控有不当性行为后，遭到停职、解雇或被迫辞职。

One of the arguments the writers make is that instead of empowering women, the “#MeToo” and “#BalanceTonPorc” movements instead serve the interests of “the enemies of sexual freedom, of religious extremists, of the worst reactionaries,” and of those who believe that women are “'separate’ beings, children with the appearance of adults, demanding to be protected.” They write that “a woman can, in the same day, lead a professional team and enjoy being the sexual object of a man, without being a ‘promiscuous woman,’ nor a vile accomplice of patriarchy.”

这些作者的论点之一是，#MeToo和#BalanceTonPorc运动不是赋予女性权力，而是服务于“性自由的敌人，宗教极端主义者，最糟糕的保守者”，乃至认为女人是“‘完全不同’的一种人，是有着成年人外表的孩子，总是要求被保护”。她们写道：“在同一天里，一个女人可以领导一个专业的团队，也可以享受成为男人的性对象，她不必成为一个‘淫荡的女人’，也不必成为一个卑鄙的父权制帮凶。”

They believe that the scope of the two movements represses sexual expression and freedom. After describing requests from publishers to make male characters “less sexist” and a Swedish bill that will require people to give explicit consent before engaging in sexual activity, the women write, “One more effort and two adults who will want to sleep together will first check, through an app on their phone, a document in which the practices they accept and those they refuse will be duly listed.”

她们认为，这两场广泛的运动抑制了性表达和性自由。这些女性提到出版商要求男性角色“少一点性别歧视”，瑞典的一项法案要求人们在性行为之前明确表示同意，“再坚持一下，两个想一起睡觉的成年人将首先需要通过手机应用程序确认一个文件，文件上清楚地列出他们接受和拒绝接受的行为”。

They continue, “The philosopher Ruwen Ogien defended the freedom to offend as essential to artistic creation. In the same way, we defend a freedom to bother, indispensable to sexual freedom.” Though the writers do not draw clear lines between what constitutes sexual misconduct and what does not, they say that they are “sufficiently farseeing not to confuse a clumsy come-on and sexual assault.”

她们接着写道：“哲学家鲁文·奥吉安(Ruwen Ogien)捍卫冒犯的自由，认为它是艺术创作的关键。同样地，我们捍卫打扰的自由，因为它对于性自由是不可或缺的。”虽然她们没有对不当性行为进行明确的界定，但她们表示，她们“足够有远见，不会把笨拙的性暗示与性侵犯混为一谈。”

Translations of the letter were quickly picked up by Twitter on Tuesday, and responses ranged from supportive to hostile. Asia Argento, an actress who accused Harvey Weinstein of raping her, criticized the Frenchwomen’s letter on Twitter. “Catherine Deneuve and other French women tell the world how their interiorized misogyny has lobotomized them to the point of no return,” Argento wrote.

周二，这封信的译文很快在Twitter上被广泛转发，网友的反应不一，有些支持，有些反对。指控哈维·韦恩斯坦(Harvey Weinstein)强奸自己的女演员艾莎·阿基多(Asia Argento)在Twitter上批评了法国女性的这封信。“凯瑟琳·德纳芙等法国女性告诉全世界，她们已内化的厌女症如何让她们走上了被洗脑的不归之路，”阿基多写道。

On the other side of the spectrum, Christina Hoff Sommers, who coined the term “victim feminism,” tweeted a quote from the letter and her remarks on it.

另一方面，创造“受害者女权主义”一词的克里斯蒂娜·霍夫·索莫斯(Christina Hoff Sommers)在Twitter上引用了那封信中的一句话，并对它进行了评论。

In concluding the letter, the writers return to the concept of self-victimization and a call for women to accept the pitfalls that come with freedom. “Accidents that can affect a woman’s body do not necessarily affect her dignity and must not, as hard as they can be, necessarily make her a perpetual victim,” they write. “Because we are not reducible to our bodies. Our inner freedom is inviolable. And this freedom that we cherish is not without risks and responsibilities.”

在那封信的尾声，作者们回到了自我伤害这个概念，呼吁女性接受自由带来的风险。“能影响一名女性身体的事件不一定影响她的尊严，不管多么严重，也不应该让她成为永远的受害者，”她们写道，“因为我们不能简化成我们的身体。我们内心的自由是不可侵犯的。我们珍视的这种自由并非没有风险和责任。”