生态环境损害赔偿将全国试行

The turret of the Palace Museum in Beijing is seen in a clear day on Nov 22, 2017. [Photo/IC]

By 2020, China aims to establish an efficient comprehensive damage compensation system to protect and improve the country's ecosystem.

到2020年，力争在全国范围内构建保障有力、修复有效的生态环境损害赔偿制度。

该方案中所称生态环境损害(ecological and environmental damage)，是指因污染环境、破坏生态(environmental pollution and ecological damage)造成大气、地表水、地下水、土壤、森林等环境要素和植物、动物、微生物等生物要素的不利改变(unfavorable changes of environmental elements such as air, surface water, underground water, soil and forest, as well as biological elements such as plants, animals and microbes)，以及上述要素构成的生态系统功能退化(functional deterioration of ecosystem)。

方案规定，违反法律法规，造成生态环境损害的单位或个人(individuals or companies that cause environmental damage)，应当承担生态环境损害赔偿责任，做到应赔尽赔;生态环境损害无法修复的(if the damages are beyond restoration)，实施货币赔偿(monetary compensation)，用于替代修复。省级、市地级政府可指定相关部门或机构负责生态环境损害赔偿具体工作(the process will be managed by institutions designated by provincial or municipal governments)。跨省域的生态环境损害(trans-provincial ecological damage)，由生态环境损害地的相关省级政府协商开展生态环境损害赔偿工作。

【相关词汇】

环境损害 environmental damage

海洋生态环境损害 marine ecological and environmental damages

河流污染 river pollution

水污染 water contamination

大气污染防治强化督查 strict inspection over air pollution prevention and control

环境监测 environmental monitoring

非法排污 illegal discharge of pollutants

环保警察 environmental police