中国将在上海建东京审判纪念馆

Students from Dongnan University in Nanjing light candles on Tuesday to commemorate the Nanjing Massacre, which began 80 years ago on Wednesday. A memorial hall commemorating the tribunal of accused war criminals in Tokyo will be built in Shanghai. YANG BO / CHINA NEWS SERVICE

A memorial hall for the Tokyo Trial will be built in Shanghai. Official planning for the memorial hall started early last year and preparatory work is steadily advancing, said Cheng Zhaoqi, director of Shanghai Jiao Tong University's Center for the Tokyo Trial Studies.

上海交通大学东京审判研究中心主任程兆奇表示，上海将建立东京审判纪念馆，政府对该纪念馆的规划从去年早些时候就已经启动，筹备工作正稳步推进。

东京审判(Tokyo Trial)是由中、美、英、苏等11国法官组成的远东国际军事法庭(the International Military Tribunal for the Far East)于1946年5月3日至1948年11月12日间在日本东京针对二战中日本战争罪行进行的审判(the tribunal for accused Japanese war criminals in World War II)。

东京审判的判决书宣布，确认日本有对中国进行侵略战争(war of aggression)及对苏联、美国、英国与其他盟国进行类似战争之罪。认为“九一八”事件是第二次世界大战的导火线(direct cause of World War II)，日本是中日战争的侵略者(invader)。判决书以最大的篇幅叙述了日本侵华战争的历史，在国际法的高度上确定了日本侵华的种种罪行(crimes of invasion)。

据程兆奇教授介绍，纪念馆内将展示国内外学者收集的有关整个审判过程的珍贵历史资料(precious historical evidence collected by researchers at home and abroad about the whole process of the court trial)，包括法庭的设立(the establishment of the court)、审判管辖权的争议(the disputes over jurisdiction to the trial)、量刑讨论(the discussion over measurement of penalties)等。

【相关词汇】

抗日战争 the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggressions (1931-45)

南京大屠杀 the Nanjing Massacre

南京大屠杀死难者国家公祭日 the National Memorial Day for Nanjing Massacre Victims

日本侵略者 Japanese invaders

反人类的暴行 atrocities against humanity