中国拟对在线消费贷款收紧监管
中国正准备收紧对在线消费贷款的监管，作为遏制金融风险全面行动的一部分，此举对希望在美国发售股票的中国金融科技集团来说可能是一个挫折。
Household debt in China remains low as a share of GDP, and authorities have encouraged growth of consumer credit as a way to rebalance the economy towards consumer spending, but now concerns are rising about irresponsible lending practices online.
中国家庭债务与国内生产总值(GDP)之比仍然很低，同时当局鼓励消费信贷增长，视其为推动经济再平衡、加大消费支出比重的一种方式，但眼下各方对不负责任的在线放贷做法日益担忧。
At a forum on internet finance on Saturday, a central bank official said that regulatory agencies will guard against risks from rapid growth of consumer lending.
在上周六举行的一个互联网金融论坛上，中国央行的一名官员表示，监管机构将防范消费贷款快速增长的风险。
“The public has doubts about its operating model and has appealed for it to be brought under regulation,” Ji Zhihong, head of the financial markets department at the People’s Bank of China, said of the industry. “In order to prevent and resolve the related risks, the central bank is working with the related departments to deal specifically with risks from internet finance.”
中国人民银行(PBoC)金融市场司司长纪志宏在谈到该行业时表示，公众对其经营模式有疑问，呼吁将其纳入监管。他说：“为防范化解相关风险……人民银行会同相关部门组织开展了互联网金融风险专项整治。”
Online consumer lending has replaced peer-to-peer lending as the trendy new area in Chinese fintech, as a regulatory crackdown on P2P reduced that sector’s profitability. Short-term consumer loans outstanding in China grew by Rmb1.49tn ($225bn) through the first nine months of this year, compared to an increase of Rmb830bn for all of 2016, according to PBoC data.
在线消费贷款已取代P2P贷款(监管机构的打击削弱了P2P贷款行业的盈利能力)，成为中国金融科技的时髦新领域。中国央行数据显示，今年前九个月，中国未偿还短期消费贷款增加1.49万亿元人民币(合2250亿美元)，相比之下2016年全年增加8300亿元人民币。
Online lender Qudian, backed by Alibaba Group affiliate Ant Financial, raised $900m this month in an initial public offering on Nasdaq, the largest IPO in the US by a Chinese company this year. Qudian’s shares jumped as much as 48 per cent on their trading debut on October 18, but on Friday they had dropped below the IPO price, due in part to investor concerns about tighter regulations.
阿里巴巴集团(Alibaba Group)关联企业蚂蚁金服(Ant Financial)参与投资的在线贷款机构趣店(Qudian)，10月在纳斯达克(Nasdaq)完成首次公开发行(IPO)，筹得9亿美元。这是今年以来中资企业在美国进行的最大规模IPO。趣店股价在10月18日交易首日一度大涨48%，但在上周五跌破上市发行价水平，部分原因就是投资者担心监管收紧。
Qudian lets students and young professionals buy mobile phones, laptops and other gadgets on monthly instalments. Launched in 2014, Qudian began by lending to students, but regulators banned such lending last year following a series of scandals including the use of nude photos as collateral. Since then Qudian has ostensibly shifted to white-collar workers, but some investors worry that students may still be among its clients.
趣店让学生和年轻专业人士通过每月分期付款购买手机、笔记本电脑和其他设备。在2014年推出服务的趣店，在开始时向学生放贷，但在爆发一系列丑闻(包括使用裸照作为抵押品)后，监管机构去年禁止了这种贷款。此后，趣店号称转向白领，但有些投资者担心其客户群体仍然包括学生。
Caixin, a respected financial news website, reported on Saturday that the China Banking Regulatory Commission is drafting a comprehensive regulatory framework on internet consumer lending, citing unnamed sources.
受尊敬的财经新闻网站财新网(Caixin)上周六援引消息人士的话称，中国银行业监督管理委员会(CBRC)正在起草一套针对互联网消费者贷款的综合监管框架。
Neither Qudian nor the CBRC responded to request for comment on Sunday.
趣店和中国银监会周日均未回应记者的置评请求。
Regulators have also moved in recent weeks to crack down on consumer loans being illegally channelled into the property market as mortgage downpayments.
监管机构最近几周还采取行动，打击将消费贷款引入房地产市场、作为抵押贷款首付的非法行为。
A district government in Shanghai called a meeting with consumer loan companies recently in which it warned them against abusive practices, including use of violence to press borrowers for repayment and charging annualised interest above the legal maximum of 36 per cent, Caixin also reported.
财新网还报道，上海一个区政府最近召集消费贷款企业开会，警告它们不要乱来，包括使用暴力方式施压借款人还款，并收取高于36%法定上限的年化利率。
At least three Qudian rivals — Paipaidai, Hexindai, and Lexin Fintech — have also filed for US listings. Lexin is backed by e-commerce group JD.com, which in March spun off its own lending unit as an independent company, JD Finance, in a $2.1bn deal.
至少有三家趣店竞争对手——拍拍贷(Paipaidai)、和信贷(Hexindai)，以及乐信(Lexin Fintech)——也已申请在美国上市。乐信获得电子商务集团京东(JD.com)投资。京东在今年3月剥离其放贷部门，使其成为一家独立公司——京东金融(JD Finance)，那笔交易价值21亿美元。
Additional reporting by Yizhen Jia 贾一真补充报道
