索罗斯向名下慈善基金会捐资180亿美元

George Soros has given away $18bn, the bulk of his personal wealth, to his Open Society Foundations, bringing his charitable giving over his lifetime to around $32bn.

乔治•索罗斯(George Soros)已向他创立的“开放社会基金会”(Open Society Foundations)捐赠了180亿美元——这是他的大部分个人财富。他一生中的慈善捐款至此达到了约320亿美元。

The legendary hedge fund investor, has been working to transfer the billions he has made in finance over the past several years to OSF as he made arrangements for its long-term future. Mr Soros’s foundations are the second-largest private charity after the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, with a 2017 budget of $940.7m.

这位传奇的对冲基金投资者一直致力于把他在金融领域赚到的巨额资金捐赠给开放社会基金会。他还为该基金会的长远未来做好了安排。索罗斯的基金会是规模仅次于比尔和梅琳达盖茨基金会(Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation)的第二大私人慈善机构，其2017年的预算为9.407亿美元。

Mr Soros’s foundations have played a key role in promoting liberal democracy and building institutions and civil society across ex-communist eastern Europe for almost three decades. Countless officials in governments across the region benefited from Soros Foundation grants to study at western universities.

近三十年来，在东欧前共产主义国家，索罗斯的基金会在促进自由民主、建设制度及公民社会的过程中发挥了关键作用。在该地区，数不清的政府官员得益于索罗斯基金会的资助，得以在西方大学学习。

But in recent years, as populism has surged and “liberal” values have come under attack in some countries, Open Society has suffered a backlash and faced accusations that it has tried to undermine governments.

但近些年来，随着一些国家民粹主义高涨和“自由”价值观遭到攻击，开放社会基金会遭到了抵制，并被指责试图颠覆政府。

The group has faced government criticism or attempts to restrict its activities in countries including Russia, Macedonia, Romania, Poland, as well as in Israel.

俄罗斯、马其顿、罗马尼亚、波兰、以色列等国家的政府不是批评开放社会基金会，就是试图限制其活动。

Hungary, whose prime minister Viktor Orban studied at Oxford university on a Soros grant in the late 1980s, has accused the billionaire philanthropist of promoting a “Soros plan” to flood Europe with migrants.

1980年代末，匈牙利现总理欧尔班•维克托(Viktor Orban)曾接受索罗斯的捐赠资金在牛津大学学习(Oxford university)。如今，匈牙利政府谴责这位亿万富翁慈善家推动一项让移民像潮水般涌入欧洲的“索罗斯计划”。

Mr Soros is perhaps best known for his bet that the British pound would be devalued in September 1992, for which he raked in more than £1bn in profits when he was proven correct.

索罗斯做过的最出名的事情，要数他在1992年9月押注英镑贬值，最终从中获利逾10亿英镑。

Now 87, he has retained an active role in guiding the work of OSF as chairman of its global board, which also includes his sons Alexander and Jonathan. But staff members said Mr Soros had decided several years ago to clarify the organisation’s structure and leadership before making another large endowment.

作为开放社会基金会的全球董事会主席，现年87岁的索罗斯仍然在积极地指导该基金会的工作——他的儿子亚力山大(Alexander)和乔纳森(Jonathan)也是董事会成员。但工作人员表示，索罗斯在几年前已决定，在进行下一次大笔捐款之前，要理清该组织的结构和领导层。

As part of the wider strategic shake-up, OSF president Chris Stone, a criminal justice and non-profit expert, announced his departure in September and will be replaced by Patrick Gaspard, a Congolese-born former US diplomat who is currently OSF vice-president.

作为战略改组计划的一部分，开放社会基金会总裁、刑事司法与非营利组织方面的专家克里斯•斯通(Chris Stone)于9月宣布他将离职，接替他的将是现任副总裁、刚果出生的前美国外交官帕特里克•加斯帕德(Patrick Gaspard)。

Mr Soros had given away $14bn since 1979, starting when he gave scholarships to black South Africans living under apartheid. He founded Open Society in 1984 to support democratic practice, human rights and good governance.

索罗斯于1979年开始为生活在种族隔离制度之下的南非黑人提供奖学金，自那时以来他已在慈善活动方面捐赠了140亿美元。他在1984年创立了开放社会基金会，宗旨是支持民主实践、人权和良好治理。

The charity has supported a raft of other charities through grant money including Planned Parenthood, Human Rights Watch and Drug Policy Alliance.

该基金会通过捐款，对包括计划生育组织(Planned Parenthood)、人权观察(Human Rights Watch)和药物政策联盟(Drug Policy Alliance)在内的很多其他慈善机构提供了支持。

Mr Soros was born in Hungary in 1930 and lived through the Nazi occupation. He left Budapest for London in 1947 and made his way to the US, where he founded his hedge fund in 1973.

索罗斯1930年出生在匈牙利，并度过了纳粹占领时期。他在1947年离开布达佩斯前往伦敦，后来去了美国。1973年，他在美国创立了自己的对冲基金。

Since then, he has made $41.8bn for investors in his hedge fund, second in the industry only to Bridgewater Associates, according to estimates by LCH Investments, the fund of hedge funds run by the Edmond de Rothschild group.

据LCH Investments估算，自那以来，索罗斯已为该对冲基金的投资者赚到了418亿美元，在业内仅次于Bridgewater Associates。LCH Investments是爱德蒙得洛希尔集团(Edmond de Rothschild Group)旗下对冲基金的基金。

In Hungary, Mr Orban’s government has also been embroiled in a dispute over the Central European University, which Mr Soros established in Budapest in the 1990s to provide US-accredited postgraduate education to central Europe’s emerging elite.

在匈牙利，欧尔班政府也卷入了一场有关中欧大学(Central European University)的争议。该校是1990年代索罗斯在布达佩斯创办的，为中欧地区新崛起的精英们提供美国认可的研究生教育。

Hungary has tightened rules for foreign universities and on Tuesday Michael Ignatieff, the CEU’s president, said the government was keeping the institution in “legal limbo” by refusing to sign an agreement confirming its long-term status.

匈牙利已收紧了有关外资大学的规则。周二，中欧大学校长叶礼廷(Michael Ignatieff)表示，政府拒绝签署一项确认该校长期地位的协定，使该校从法律上继续处于不确定状态。

Additional reporting by Neil Buckley

尼尔•巴克利(Neil Buckley)补充报道